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1.
Satoshi Nogami Katsuhiko Minoura Nao Kiminami Yui Kitaura Hiromasa Uchiyama Kazunori Kadota Yuichi Tozuka 《Advanced Powder Technology》2021,32(5):1750-1756
Although curcumin is considered to have various therapeutic effects, its use as a functional food or supplement is restricted owing to its low water solubility and bioavailability. To increase the solubility of curcumin in water, the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers with a pyrrolidone skeleton was noted to be promising. In particular, the bi-component formulations of curcumin/PVP prepared through spray drying exhibited an amorphous state in powder X-ray diffraction observations and temporally increased the apparent solubility of curcumin to over 5000 times that of untreated curcumin; nevertheless, after 24 h, the solubility decreased owing to the unstable supersaturated state of curcumin. The addition of α-cyclodextrin (α-CyD) in the bi-component curcumin/PVP formulation helped maintain the supersaturated state of curcumin, whereas the addition of β- and γ-CyD led to the collapse of the supersaturated state. The addition of α-CyD can likely help inhibit the nucleation and crystal growth of curcumin, through the interaction among the solubilized units of curcumin/PVP and α-CyD. 相似文献
2.
对于具有大面积玻璃围护结构的建筑中庭,由于太阳辐射强、室内空间大等问题,导致热环境的控制非常复杂。对于这类建筑的空调系统设计,计算流体力学(CFD)等数值模拟方法的应用有着广阔的发展前景,但已有的数值计算方法复杂,通用性差,仅能被少数计算流体力学领域专业研究人员所掌握,这一因素大大制约了数值模拟方法的在实际工程中的广泛应用。本文对相关数值模拟方法进行了分析和总结,建立了一套简单快速的并具有合理准确性的通用联合模拟方法,并开发出相应的联合模拟计算程序。通过将模拟计算结果与实验结果进行比较,该方法的准确性得到了验证,同时将该方法应用于中庭空调系统的优化设计,表明了其在实际工程应用中的可行性。 相似文献
3.
Landscape scale vegetation-type conversion and fire hazard in the San Francisco bay area open spaces
Successional pressures resulting from fire suppression and reduced grazing have resulted in vegetation-type conversion in the open spaces surrounding the urbanized areas of the San Francisco bay area. Coverage of various vegetation types were sampled on seven sites using a chronosequence of remote images in order to measure change over time. Results suggest a significant conversion of grassland to shrubland dominated by Baccharis pilularison five of the seven sites sampled. An increase in Pseudotsuga menziesii coverage was also measured on the sites where it was present. Increases fuel and fire hazard were determined through field sampling and use of the FARSITE fire area simulator. A significant increase in biomass resulting from succession of grass-dominated to shrub-dominated communities was evident. In addition, results from the FARSITE simulations indicated significantly higher fire-line intensity, and flame length associated with shrublands over all other vegetation types sampled. These results indicate that the replacement of grass dominated with shrub-dominated landscapes has increased the probability of high intensity fires. 相似文献
4.
随着城市建设的大规模开展,大型低洼小区排水成为经常遇到的难题。该文通过工程实例,分析如何利用挡水设施、地面径流控制措施、现场外径流控制措施等方法,解决大型低洼小区雨水排水问题,以期用最低的投资来获取最大的排水安全性。 相似文献
5.
Y. Tamura Y. Iwatani K. Suda T. Maruyama 《Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics》2007,95(6):411-427
The authors’ group has been conducting full-scale measurements of wind velocities with Doppler sodars. It is very important to accurately assess the profiles of mean wind speeds and turbulence intensities in relation to terrain roughness. In this study, the profiles were evaluated for all data measured over a long period at a seashore and two inland sites. It is confirmed that for strong winds the profiles can be approximated by a single power law at altitudes between 50 and 340 m. The power law exponents of the mean wind speed profiles are approximately 0.1 for wind from the sea and 0.2-0.3 for wind blown over land. Those of the turbulence intensity profiles are approximately 0 and −0.2 to 0.4, respectively. 相似文献
6.
本文阐述低温热水地面辐射供暖设计中应注意的几个问题,供设计与应用时参考。 相似文献
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9.
Non-uniform heating is a major issue in microwave applications, mainly due to inherently uneven distribution of electromagnetic energy in the microwave applicator. In this work, our aim is to improve electric field distribution uniformity by utilizing microwave reflection from electrically conductive beads placed in the microwave oven. The effects of position, size, and number of electrically conductive beads on the electric field distribution were numerically investigated, and validated through water-load experiments in the cavity. It is found that uniform electric field distribution was realized to some extent by appropriate placement of electrically conductive beads; meanwhile, average electric field intensity in the microwave oven was increased. 相似文献
10.
1,1?-Diamino-4,4?,5,5?-tetranitro-2,2?-biimidazole (DATNBI) was synthesized, by employing one-pot facile method, from 4,4?,5,5?-tetranitro-2,2?-biimidazole. The crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction for the first time. DATNBI crystallized in monoclinic system P21/c, with a crystal density of 1.934 g cm?3 at 293(2) K and 2.019 g cm?3 at 130(2) K, respectively. Its crystal parameters at 293 K are a = 4.8833(15) Å, b = 6.960(2) Å, c = 6.928(4) Å, α = γ = 90°, β = 93.418(6)°, V = 591.1(3) ?3, Z = 2, μ = 0.178 mm?1, and F(000) = 348. The thermal stability and non-isothermal kinetics of DATNBI were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 K min?1. The apparent activation energy (Ea) at the first decomposition peak calculated by Kissinger, Ozawa, and Starink equations were 85.50, 89.67, and 86.10 kJ mol?1, respectively. For the second peak, these were 116.49, 119.82, and 117.45 kJ mol?1, respectively, with individual pre-exponential factors lnA = 18.40 s?1 and lnA = 25.11 s?1. The thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) analysis of thermal decomposition products reveals that the main decomposition gas products are H2O, N2O, CO2, and NO2. Based on the new crystalline densities, the detonation velocity and pressure predicted by EXPLO5 are 9062 m s?1 and 36.4 GPa, respectively. 相似文献