Cascade fuzzy control for gas engine driven heat pump

In addition to absorption chillers, today’s gas cooling technology includes gas engine driven heat pump systems (GEHP) in a range of capacities and temperature capacities suitable for most commercial air conditioning and refrigeration applications. Much is expected from GEHPs as a product that would help satisfy the air conditioning system demand from medium and small sized buildings, restrict electric power demand peaks in summer and save energy in general. This article describes a kind of control strategy for a GEHP, a cascade fuzzy control. GEHPs have large and varying time constants and their dynamic modeling cannot be easily achieved. A cascade control strategy is effective for systems that have large time constants and disturbances, and a fuzzy control strategy is fit for a system that lacks an accurate model. This cascade fuzzy control structure brings together the best merits of fuzzy control and cascade control structures. The performance of the cascade fuzzy control is compared to that of a cascade PI (proportional and integral) control strategy, and it is shown by example that the cascade fuzzy control strategy gives a better performance, reduced reaction time and smaller overshoot temperature.     

Performance modeling,real-time dispatching and simulation of wafer fabrication systems using timed extended object-oriented Petri nets

Semiconductor wafer fabrication system (SWFS) is the most complex and capital-intensive phase in the entire semiconductor manufacturing cycle. With characteristics of re-entrant processing routes, equipment uncertainty, product diversity and improving technologies, great challenges are presented in SWFS’s modeling, scheduling and simulation. To implement efficient production control, this paper provides a timed extended object-oriented Petri nets (TEOPNs) approach to performance modeling, real-timed dispatching and simulation of SWFSs. The TEOPNs models are constructed in a hierarchy to accord with the real-world SWFS’s organization, and a new type of signal place is added into the TEOPNs to respond the dynamic states of all processing facilities. A novel autonomy and coordination-based real-time dispatching mechanism (A&C-RDM) is developed in this paper, which executes under the support of the TEOPNs-based hybrid real-time dispatching control system (HRDCS). Owning to the ability of gathering dynamic real-time information of all production facilities and WIP products, the HRDCS can make adaptive dispatching decisions according to the local and global real-time processing status. Two sets of key elements of real-time dispatching, i.e. the state thresholds and dispatching rules, are defined in the HRDCS so that the A&C-RDM can integrate different types of dispatching rules. A set of simulation experiments prove the efficiency of the proposed modeling and dispatching algorithm. In summary, the proposed TEOPNs, HRDCS and A&C-RDM form the cornerstones of a real-time dispatching simulation prototype of SWFS, and the work described in this paper carries out an advanced integrated “modeling–dispatching–simulation” methodology.     

Comparison of the effects of Mg–6Zn and titanium on intestinal tract in vivo

To evaluate the ability of Mg–6Zn to replace titanium nails in the reconstruction of the intestinal tract in general surgery, we compared the Mg–6Zn and titanium implants with respect to their effects on rat’s intestinal tract by biochemical, radiological, pathological and immunohistochemical methods. The results indicated that Mg–6Zn implants started to degrade at the third week and disintegrate at the fourth week. No bubbles appeared, which may be associated with intestinal absorption of the Mg–6Zn implants. Pathological analyses (containing liver, kidney and cecum tissues) and biochemical measurements, including serum magnesium, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, glutamic–pyruvic–transaminase and glutamic–oxaloacetic–transaminase proved that degradation of Mg–6Zn did not harm the important organs, which is an improvement over titanium implants. Immunohistochemical results showed that Mg–6Zn could enhance the expression of transforming growth factor-β₁. Mg–6Zn reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor at different stages. In general, our study demonstrates that the Mg–6Zn alloy had good biocompatibility in vivo and performed better than titanium at promoting healing and reducing inflammation. It may be a promising candidate for stapler pins in intestinal reconstruction.     

多模复合制导用可见光成像与红外成像融合技术研究

在现代战争的复杂光电对抗环境中,多模复合制导技术必将取代单一体制的制导技术,成为主流的制导技术。本 文介绍了作为多模复合制导关键技术之一的可见光成像与红外成像信息融合技术,主要包括信息融合前的预处理、配准、加权平均融合 方法,取大值融合方法和融合评价等。     

动态红外场景投影器的研究现状与展望

近年来,国内外在动态红外场景投影器的研究方面的研究均取得了很大的进展。作为半实物仿真系统的核心部分,动态红外场景投影器的技术性能限制了整个仿真平台的总体性能。分类总结了国内外对动态红外场景投影器的研究现状,展望了与红外成像精确制导技术匹配的新型动态红外场景投影器的主要技术要求。鉴于目前动态红外场景投影器的发展水平,提出一方面需要探索混合型投影器技术,以达到取长补短、优势互补的目的,另一方面需要继续加大对新型投影器的研制力度,解决目前投影器的局限性问题。     

分组传送网的QoS实现方式分析

通过DifferServ模型介绍了分组传送网络的QoS实现策略,分析了流分类、流量整形、拥塞管理以及拥塞避免等QoS策略的技术实现方式,并对其进行优缺点比较。     

移动多协议融合网关的建模

多协议融合网关是一种融合多种路由协议,实现异构网络混合组网的网络设备.为验证多协议网关在移动环境下的可行性,文中在OPNET网络仿真软件的基础上,对多协议网关建立模型,并设定通过网关互操作Ad hoc、WLAN、LAN网络的仿真场景,加载Email、FTP、Database业务模拟实际网络行为.结果表明,移动多协议融合网关能实现异构网络之间数据的交换和无缝转发,保障异构网络业务的需求.     

SDH/SONET支路时钟抖动衰减数字锁相环设计

提出了一种新的光纤通信网络中SDH/SONET支路时钟抖动衰减设计方法.采用全数字锁相环技术和可编程的方法,根据不同类型的PDH信号,配置相应的增益和衰减因子,使得时钟的抖动衰减收敛速度可调节,能快速的达到国际电信联盟ITU-T标准规定的抖动范围.对于E3信号,滤波组合为100 Hz～800 kHz时,最大峰峰抖动为0.05 UI,滤波组合为10～800 kHz时,最大峰峰抖动小于10-3 UI.该方法电路实现结构简单,可广泛应用于光纤通信领域.     

纳米银涤纶面料的抗菌性能

以白念珠菌抑菌率为评价指标,研究染整加工对纳米银涤纶纤维面料抗菌性能的影响。优化的染整工艺为:纳米银涤纶面料先采用0.5%除油剂于110℃前处理20 min,再于190℃定形40～50 s,然后于130℃染色30 min,140℃成品定形30～40 s。高温和碱性还原处理会降低纤维的抑菌性能。染整加工后,纳米银涤纶仍然具有一定的抑菌性能。洗涤20次后,混纺纳米银涤纶纤维面料也可保持较高的抑菌性能。     

不同解冻方式对小黄鱼品质的影响

采用5种不同的解冻方式(静水解冻、流水解冻、微波解冻、低温空气解冻、超声波解冻)对普通冻结和液体浸渍快速冻结处理的小黄鱼进行解冻,对解冻时间、色泽、质构、丙二醛含量、总巯基含量等指标进行测定比较,并测定解冻后鱼肉的硬度、咀嚼性等质构指标。结果表明:5种解冻方式中微波解冻速率最快,低温空气解冻速率最慢。对于快速冻结和普通冻结处理的小黄鱼,超声波解冻能够有效维持解冻后鱼肉的品质。