激光法合成SiC超细粉末物理化学过程的研究——Ⅰ.实验规律及粉末特性

用50W连续波CO_2激光器为热源,诱发SiH_4和C_2H_4反应,合成SiC超细粉末。实验确定了反应腔体内压力p、气源中的C/Si原子比、喷嘴内径2r以及激光功率密度与粉末特性之间的关系,并对合成的产物进行物理、化学表征。     

Air Filtration and Radon Decay Product Mitigation

Air cleaning as a means of mitigating the risks arising from exposure to indoor radon progeny has been evaluated in a single-family house in the north eastem US. using an automated, semi-continuous activity-weighted size distribution measurement system. The measurements included radon concentration, condensation nuclei count, and activity-weighted size distribution of radon decay products. Measurements were made in the house with and without an operating air filtration system and with various particle sources common to normal indoor activities operating. Aerosols were generated by running water in a shower, candle burning, cigarette smoking, vacuuming, opening doors, and cooking. Using a room model, the changes in attachment rates, average attachment diameters, and deposition rates of the unattached fraction with and without the air cleaning system were calculated. In the presence of active aerosol sources, the air filtration unit typically reduced the concentration of particles within the hour following the end of particle generation. After candle burning, cigarette smoking, and vacuuming in the bedroom, the reductions of PAEC by air filtration are about 60% with the air filtration system operating in the bedroom. During cooking in the kitchen, the reductions of PAEC in the bedroom with the air filtration system were about 40%. However, for all cases the dose reductions were smaller than the particle and PAEC reductions. For those particles that were generated within the bedroom, there was a 20% to 50% reduction in dose. In the case of cooking where the door was open and particles infiltrated from the rest of the house, the dose reduction was only 5% on average and appears to be insignificant. Thus, the dose reductions were h e r than the reductions in activity concentration, but there were no cases where the estimated dose actually increased.     

A storage heat pump using an ‘ozone-friendly’ refrigerant

The paper describes the integration of a chemical and a vapour-compression heat pump for energy storage applications. The vapour-compression system is designed to operate using the UK cheap rate ‘Economy 7’ electricity tariff. The system is characterized thermodynamically using various refrigerant/absorbent pairs in the chemical storage circuit and an ozone-friendly refrigerant, R134a, in the vapour-compression circuit. Results indicate that the H₂O/Na₂S pair provides a high energy storage density and is the most suitable for use in this system. The paper also describes the design features of a domestic-sized version of this heat pump system. Air in the sunspace (conservatory) of a house was used as a heat source for the heat pump.     

A novel methanol-tolerant Ir-Se chalcogenide electrocatalyst for oyxgen reduction

A novel methanol-tolerant oxygen-reduction catalyst, Iridium-selenium (Ir-Se) chalcogenide, was synthesized by chemical precipitation in an organic solvent. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analysis confirmed that the synthesized Ir-Se chalcogenide had a chemical formula of Ir₄Se. This chalcogenide showed strong catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and a high methanol tolerance. It was found that most of the oxygen could be directly reduced to water through a four-electron pathway with less than 10% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) being produced during the ORR. The improvement in catalytic activity of the Ir-Se chalcogenide in comparison with that of pure Ir might be attributed to the effect of a bimetallic interaction.     

A simplified cascade current‐source inverter interconnected to a single‐phase three‐wire distribution system and its application to electric energy storage systems with batteries

A novel current source inverter system interconnected to the single‐phase grid is proposed. It has the same construction as the conventional three‐phase current source inverter that is interconnected to the single‐phase three‐wire distribution system. Though the proposed circuit has no output transformer, it can be equivalently performed as the single‐phase double cascade inverter by diverting the pole transformer in the utility system. By controlling the appropriate scheme, the output currents can be obtained as the five‐level waveforms and their distortions can be decreased sufficiently. It is applied to the interactive electric energy storage system with batteries and the basic discharging characteristics are discussed experimentally. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 150(2): 50–61, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10380     

台湾化学工业概况

介绍了台湾几家同业公会和化工企业以及台湾工业研究院所、化学研究所的基本情况，谈了几点收获。     

纳米管合成研究进展

当今纳米科学技术飞速发展，其中纳米管已构成了纳米材料的一个非常重要的类别。本文介绍近几年来由化学键结合的纳米管以及由分子间力形成的一些纳米或具有中观尺度的管状结构材料的合成研究进展。     

基于模型缩聚的θ指标损伤识别方法

为实现大型三维空间结构的损伤检测,提出了一种基于模型缩聚技术的检测方法。该方法利用有限数量的加速度传感器,得到大型三维桁架结构的自振频率和模态振型,以完成损伤的识别。数值仿真结果表明：该方法在损伤的定位识别和定量识别上能达到预期的适用性和可靠性。     

Formation and thermal stability of amorphous Ni-Mo-P alloys

The experimental researches on the chemical deposition of Ni-Mo-P amorphous alloys were carried out by adding Na2 MoO4 into acidic solutions. The optimum technology conditions were obtained by orthogonal design experiments. The structures and the relationship between compositions and their thermal stability were studied by energy spectrum (EC), scanning electron micrograph and X-ray diffraction spectrum. Compared with Ni-P amorphous alloys, the Ni-Mo-P amorphous alloys have high crystallization temperature and thermal stability, and the hardness reaches its peak when the annealing temperature is 500 ℃. With the increase of the heat treatment temperature, the surface morphology of the alloys changes.     

遗传算法与文本特征选择方法相结合的研究

对文本特征选择的传统方法进行了深入分析并对各自的优缺点进行了详细的对比;其次,通过利用遗传算法自身的寻优特点,把它与传统特征选择方法相结合,并得出了算法。最后,在对各自算法进行了分析,表明了在性能上有了明显的提高。