An in-vitro method for prediction of the digestible crude protein content in pig feeds

An in-vitro method using commercially available enzymes for the prediction of the in-vivo digestible crude protein content was developed and tested on seven feedstuffs and 16 diets for pigs. Fat-extracted feed samples were consecutively incubated with pepsin at pH 1 and pancreatin at pH 6.8. From the nitrogen content of the feed sample and of the residue after incubation the in-vitro digestibility of the crude protein was calculated. Using the linear regression of in-vitro on in-vivo digestible crude protein of samples obtained in feeding trials, the in-vivo digestible crude protein content (DXP_p) in g kg^?1 dry matter could be predicted. For feedstuffs and diets the correlation was 0.99 and 0.95 and the residual standard deviation 17 and 6 g kg^?1 dry matter, respectively. In a similar procedure the nitrogen solubilised during incubation with enzymes was analysed. The regression value was similar to that of the original procedure. However, this procedure was abandoned because it was more laborious.     

Q开关Nd:YAG激光脱毛效果的动物实验研究

为探讨激光脱毛的效果及碳霜在激光脱毛中的作用,采用外涂碳霜与NdYAG激光照射,对豚鼠进行脱毛效果的观察,发现外涂碳霜对组织病理改变和毛发再生均无影响.实验结果表明,Q开关NdYAG激光脱毛是一种安全有效的治疗方法,脱毛效果与照射剂量有关,高于阈值3～4倍剂量的激光照射脱毛效果较好.     

猪脾脏多肽的酶法制备及其生物活性研究

目的 探索酶解法制备猪脾脏多肽的最佳条件,检测所得产物的生物活性.方法 用胰酶酶解法、正交试验、甲醛滴定法考察最佳酶解条件,用乙醇沉淀法收集多肽,并分别用Fe2+诱发卵黄脂蛋白多不饱和脂肪酸过氧化体系和纤维蛋白平板法检测多肽的抗氧化活性和溶栓活性,CM-Sepharose离子交换层析纯化最佳酶解条件F的脾多肽,利用SDS-PAGE电泳确定具备促凝活性的多肽分子片段相对分子质量.结果 最佳酶解条件为60℃,pH 7.0,加酶量6.0%,时间5.5 h;检测到脾多肽具备抗氧化活性和促凝活性,经纯化后的脾多肽促凝时间比正常对照提前20 s.结论 可初步判断猪脾脏多肽在抗氧化和凝血方面有一定作用,且首次证实猪脾多肽具有凝血功能.     

Effect of Oral and Parenteral N Nutrition vs N-Free Nutrition on the Endogenous Amino Acid Flow at the Ileum of the Pig*

Two methods were tested for suppressing the depressive effect of N-free diets on the digestive secretions in pigs: the blood perfusion of amino acids (AA) or the peptide alimentation method. In the latter, enzymically hydrolysed casein (EHC), composed of oligopeptides and free AA, was used as the source of nitrogen. The unabsorbed dietary N molecules were discarded from the ileal digesta by ultrafiltration or gel filtration, assuming that the endogenous fraction did not contain significant amounts of small molecules. The AA supply by blood perfusion had no effect on the ileal endogenous AA losses (8·0 g AA kg⁻¹ DM intake) in growing pigs (±50 kg), compared with the N-free diet alone (8·3 g), whereas the EHC supplementation significantly increased them (18·0 g). The increase was due to both endogenous and dietary N. The presence of unabsorbed dietary AA in the ileal digesta was confirmed by the AA profile of the soluble molecules with a very low molecular mass (<3 kDa), which was close to that of EHC. Both ultrafiltration (cut-offs of 3 or 10 kDa) and gel filtration methods, utilised to discard the remaining dietary molecules, also eliminated a significant proportion of endogenous AA.     

我国屠宰企业猪胴体分级技术的研究进展与建议

文中叙述了研究猪肉品质的重要性,介绍了国内外的猪胴体分级标准,综述了多种检测猪肉品质的先进技术和方法,描述了利用计算机视觉技术获取多指标、多特征研究猪肉品质是我国屠宰企业猪胴体分级的发展趋势。     

猪肝超氧化物歧化酶的分离纯化与初步表征

研究猪肝SOD的分离提取、纯化以及初步表征。以猪肝为原料,通过抽提液加热、丙酮沉淀和Sephadex G-200层析柱色谱提取、纯化Cu,Zn-SOD;在单因素试验的基础上,采用L(934)设计对提取工艺进行系统优化。结果表明:经过热变性,可以除去大部分杂蛋白,提高了SOD的比活力;最佳的提取条件是:在1.4%的盐浓度下,于70℃水浴中热变性10 min,然后加1.6倍体积的丙酮获得SOD粗沉淀;溶解后的粗酶液经Sephadex G-200层析柱纯化后,经SDS-PAGE电泳检测为单一条带,HPLC检测显示为单一对称峰,均表明最终得到了高纯度的SOD;紫外-可见吸收光谱和ICP-MS分析结果均表明得到的是含铜、锌的SOD,即Cu,Zn-SOD;以邻苯三酚为底物,该酶的Km值为1.574,Vmax为0.268。     

Growth performance,carcass and meat quality of the Celta pig crossbred with Duroc and Landrance genotypes

The Celta pig is a native breed adapted to the north of Spain and extensive production system. The objective was to study the effects of sex and crossbreeding on carcass characteristics and meat quality. Samples were taken from longissimus dorsi muscle of 52 pigs of three different groups [Celta pure breed (C), Celta crossed with Landrace (C × L) and Celta crossed with Duroc (C × D)].     

天然植物提取物对生长猪的促生长作用及其内分泌机制的研究

以杜长大三元杂交生长猪为试验对象,研究了在饲粮中添加0.3%天然植物提取物对其的促生长作用及内分泌机制的影响。结果表明:(1)生长猪日增重提高6.90%(P<0.05),饲料转化率提高6.73%(P<0.05);(2)血清中总蛋白、球蛋白、总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量,分别比对照组提高了11.13%(P<0.05)、19.88%(P<0.05)、12.39%(P<0.05)和21.43%(P<0.05)。谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,分别比对照组提高了13.39%(P<0.05)、14.16%(P<0.05)和12.14%(P<0.05);(3)血清中生长激素、类胰岛生长因子分别比对照组提高了21.09%(P<0.05)和17.20%(P<0.05)。三碘甲腺原氨酸、甲状腺素和环腺苷酸含量,分别比对照组增加了16.01%(P<0.05)、17.06%(P<0.05)和19.88%(P<0.05)。     

发酵型猪骨调味料的研制

利用瑞士乳杆菌发酵猪骨酶解液制备发酵型猪骨调味料。结果表明,发酵工艺条件为液体种子种龄9h、接种量9%、发酵温度40℃、发酵时间18h,得到的发酵液苦味消失、氨基态氮含量增加、猪骨风味增强。此发酵液经调配得到发酵型猪骨调味料。     

复鞣剂在猪服装革上的配伍使用研究

本文对猪服装革生产中复鞣材料的搭配使用进行了研究。主要考查了当前国内市场上有代表性的几种复鞣材料，ＰＲ－１，ＡＲＴ－Ｉ，ＤＭ，ＨＳ以及ＫＭＣ。通过单－材料实验确定各种复鞣材料性能，然后进行了这些材料的合理搭配实验，选择出了能体现皮革柔软，丰满，粒面细致，真皮感强，松面率低等流行风格的最佳搭配方案。