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变压器分体式冷却系统与常规冷却方式的散热器安装位置与安装方式均差别较大。由于分体式冷却系统的特殊性,在进行仿真模型研究时参数制定和模型搭建较复杂,目前对其进行热学仿真的研究较少,且仿真准确性难以验证,需要开展更加深入的仿真研究和试验比对工作。对改造的10 k V油浸式变压器进行分体式冷却方式下的模拟试验,基于模拟试验变压器及分体式冷却器的设置建立了变压器分体式冷却系统的三维流-固-热耦合仿真计算模型,采用有限体积法求解出变压器及分体式冷却器的温度场分布,得到分体式冷却器在不同布置方式下的绕组热点温度。将仿真计算结果与试验数据、IEEE导则计算结果进行比对,结果显示,仿真得到的绕组热点温升、顶层油温升的误差比IEEE导则计算结果的误差分别减小了16.6、15.15 K,验证了该仿真模型的准确性和工程实用性。分析显示,试验模型散热器中心高度增加2 m,热点温度降低了7.9 K;散热器与变压器水平距离缩短3.5 m,热点温度上升了4.1 K,从而获得了分体式冷却布置方式对变压器热点温度变化趋势的影响。 相似文献
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Mingqiu DAI 《等离子体科学和技术》2019,21(7):75501-130
The ablation tests on coated and uncoated Q235B steel sheets were conducted under 30/80 μs impulse current simulating the lightning first return stroke current, aimed at further understanding the ablation characteristics of steel and investigating the impact of anti-corrosion coating on these characteristics. Ablation characteristics were investigated through the macroscopic morphology and x-ray diffraction patterns on the surface of damaged zones, the microstructure and micro Vickers hardness on the cross-section of damaged zones, and the maximum rear-face temperature of sample sheets. It can be concluded that the ablation areas of uncoated sheet consist of the melted layer and the heat-affect layer. These ablation areas include not only the area ablated directly by the arc root, of which the depth is deeper, but also the area forming due to the splashing of molten steel, of which the depth is shallower and decreases when the area’s distance from the arc attachment point increases. For coated sheet, coating materials have decomposed and evaporated forming an ablation pit on the sheet surface, in which the steel surface is exposed, and zinc filler of coating primer has infused into the exposed surface. The ablation diameter of uncoated sheet relates to the amplitude of the 30/80 μs impulse current in quadratic function, while for coated sheet, the relation is linear. In general, under the 30/80 μs impulse current, the coating can decrease the energy injected from the arc to the steel sheet and reduce the melting and splashing of steel. As a result, the ablation severity of uncoated sheet is severer than that of coated sheet. 相似文献
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为了试验调查现有线路避雷器阀片在90/200 μs冲击电流下的耐受能力,对标称放电电流为5 kA和10 kA的两种ZnO避雷器阀片分别进行了不同能量等级下放电冲击次数为18次的90/200 μs冲击电流耐受特性试验,并进行了相同能量等级下单次90/200 μs冲击电流与4/10 μs大电流冲击耐受特性对比试验。试验结果表明,相同能量等级下4/10 μs大电流冲击对阀片造成的损伤大于单次90/200 μs冲击电流造成的损伤;5 kA阀片最高可通过约3.5 kA的18次90/200 μs冲击电流耐受特性试验,10 kA阀片最高可通过约7.3 kA的18次90/200 μs冲击电流耐受特性试验;直流1 mA参考电压作为评价避雷器阀片性能判据的敏感度高于标称放电电流残压。 相似文献
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工程造价是指建设一项工程项目的建造所需要花费的全部费用。工程项目建设周期长、投资大、协作部门多,在计价方面,具有单件性、多次性、方法的多样性及依据的复杂性等特征。为了更好的进行工程建设,使技术和经济更好的有机结合,提高建设单位的投资效益和经营成果,必利用科学的管理方法和先进的管理手段对工程造价进行管理,重点是合理的确定造价和有效的管理造价。 相似文献
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