Heat Gelling Properties of Hen's Egg Yolk Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) in the Presence of Other Protein

Ovalbumin (OV), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (Lys) were added to egg yolk low density lipoprotein (LDL) and the heat-induced gel formation of LDL-protein mixture was studied. The gel formation of LDL-protein mixture was different between the acidic and alkaline pH region; fine stable gels were formed in the alkaline pH region, but weak paste-like gels were formed in the acidic pH region. The effect of added BSA or OV on the gel strength of LDL was much larger than that of Lys. Scanning electron micrographic observation showed that the microstructures of both LDL-BSA and LDL-OV gels were more uniform than that of LDL-Lys gel.     

EIGENVECTOR METHOD IN MULTICRITERIA OUTRANKING RELATIONS

Most complex decision problems involve conflicts among multiple criteria and uncertain and imprecise data. The (fuzzy) outranking relation model that was introduced by Roy can tackle such complex situations. The present paper proposes a new ranking procedure based on the eigenvector in multicriteria outranking relations. The properties of the eigenvector method in ordinary outranking relations are investigated. Then, the eigenvector method is compared to that of qualification by several examples. Finally, we compare the eigenvector method with the distillation method in ELECTRE III in fuzzy outranking relations. The results of the two methods did not exhibit significant differences. The eigenvector method turns out useful, because it can promote a complementary viewpoint.     

Investigation of Water Tree Degradation in Dry‐Cured and Extruded Three‐Layer (E‐E Type) 6.6‐kV Removed XLPE Cables

Dry‐cured and extruded three‐layer (E‐E type) 6.6‐kV cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables were introduced into electric power systems more than 30 years ago, but they do not experience failures because of water tree degradation. Also, the degradation index of water treeing for these cables has not been established. Therefore, investigating results of residual breakdown voltage and water tree degradation of these cables will help us plan for cable replacement and determine water tree degradation diagnosis scheduling, and will be fundamental data for cable lifetime evaluation. In this study, the authors measured the ac breakdown voltages of dry‐cured and E‐E type 6.6‐kV XLPE cables removed after 18 to 25 years of operation and observed the water trees in their XLPE insulation. As a result, it was observed that breakdown voltages were larger than the maximum operating voltage (6.9 kV) and the ac voltage for the dielectric withstanding test (10.3 kV). Water trees were mainly bow‐tie water trees and their maximum length was approximately 1 mm. Although the number of measured cables was limited, the lifetime of this type of cable was estimated to be approximately 40 years, even experiencing water immersion.     

Proposal and investigation of a method for estimating surface energy balance in regional forests using TM derived vegetation index and observatory routine data

Taking forest areas specified according lo information on the National digital land data, the vapour pressure deficit at leaf temperature and the degree of stomatal opening were presumed using the vegetation index of forest areas derived from Landsat TM data. Assuming the principle of Monin-Obukhov similarity is correct, a new method for calculating the latent and sensible heat fluxes of regional forests was proposed taking into account the difference in Leaf Area Index. The relation of the increase of latent heat flux with the vegetation index was obtained, and the plane distribution of latent and sensible heat fluxes in large areas is calculated.     

Selective Concentration of Bovine Immunoglobulins and α-Lactalbumin from Acid Whey using FeCl3

Immunoglobulins and α-lactalbumin of acid whey were concentrated in supernatant and precipitate when FeCl₃ was added at pH 4.2 and 2.8, respectively. Optimized conditions of pH 4.2 were preferable because of higher retention of immunochemical activity of immunoglobulins. In acid whey treated with 7.5 mM FeCl₃ at pH 4.2 and 4°C, 90% of β-lactoglobulin coprecipitated with serum albumin while 70% of immunoglobulins (92% immunochemically active IgG) and 95% of α-lactalbumin were retained in the supernatant. More than 98% of added iron was subsequently eliminated as precipitate by holding the treated whey at pH 8-9 and 4°C, without losing immunochemical activity of immunoglobulin G, in addition to retained activity of immunoglobulins A and M.     

エコセメントコンクリ一トの流動化効果に関する実験的研究

エコセメントを用いたコンクリートは、一般のコンクリートより単位水量が増加し、スランプの経時変化も大きくなる傾向がある.本研究はエコセメントコンクリートにおよぼす流動化剤の流動化効果について、2種類の実験を行った.Phase.1では流動化剤添加量を変えた実験を行い、添加後のスランプ増大量、圧縮強度、耐久性について普通ポルトランドセメントと比較し、同等の流動化効果が得られることを明らかにした.Phase.2ではスランプロスしたコンクリートに流動化剤を後添加した場合のスランプ回復効果について実験を行い、Phase.1同様に普通ポルトランドセメントと同等の効果があることを明らかにした.     

一种微小物体精密定位的直线微工作台

提出了一种基于平滑冲击驱动原理的精密定位直线微工作台.通过采用微小强磁铁作为摩擦元件,减小了由摩擦元件磨损而产生的摩擦力的变化,从而提高了微工作台的稳定性.设计制作了微工作台样机,并对精密定位工作台的动态特性和静态特性进行了实验研究.结果表明,微工作台体积小(20mm×10 mm×3 mm),可实现6 nm的精确定位,最高驱动速度可达5.4 mm/s,最大行程可达20 mm.     

FTO/ITO复层导电薄膜的研究

采用溶胶凝胶法与溶液水解法分别制备ITO、FTO以及FTO/ITO复层导电膜,利用分光光度仪测量在可见光范围内的透光率,用四探针法精确测量薄膜的电阻率,通过扫描电镜观测薄膜的表面形态,微观颗粒形貌以及薄膜的厚度。实验表明,用SnCl4.5H2OI、n(NO3)3.4.5H2O、NH4F作为主要原料,通过溶胶凝胶法和溶液水解法可制备出低电阻率,高透光性的FTO/ITO复合导电薄膜。     

Revised Phase Diagram of the System ZrO2-CeO2 Below 1400°C

The phase diagram of the system ZrO₂-CeO₂ was rein-vestigated using hydrothermal techniques. Cubic, tetragonal, and monoclinic solid solutions are present in this system. The tetragonal solid solution decomposes to monoclinic and cubic solid solutions by a eutectoid reaction at 1050°50°C. The solubility limits of the tetragonal and cubic solid solutions are about 18 and 70 mol% CeO₂, respectively, at 1400°C, and about 16 and 80 mol% CeO₂, respectively, at 1200°C. Solubility limits of the monoclinic and cubic solid solutions are about 1.5 and 88 mol% CeO₂ at 1000°C, and 1.5 and 98 mol% CeO₂ at 800°C, respectively. The compound Ce₂Zr₃O₁₀ is not found in this system.