Diagnosis Criterion of Abnormality of Transformer Winding by Frequency Response Analysis (FRA)

Frequency response analysis (FRA) is a powerful technique to detect internal abnormalities within power transformers. However, diagnosis criteria of power transformers by FRA have not been fully established yet. In this paper, a new evaluation method of degree of identification between two transfer functions is proposed. In the proposed method, a frequency window is employed and cross‐correlation factor is calculated with moving the window. Furthermore, the proposed method is applied to transfer functions of real transformers with or without some abnormalities. Based on this discussion, objective criteria for diagnosis of abnormalities of transformer windings by FRA are proposed. The proposed criteria are based on a few data of transformers with some abnormalities. Therefore, the proposed criteria are tentative and they would be improved by accumulation of further data.     

Prototype Experiments on a 1/32‐Scale Model Via‐Wheel Power Transfer Electric Vehicle

Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to play a leading role in the changeover from fossil fuels to clean energy. However, EVs are currently not very popular, owing to their short cruising distance and long charging time. Wireless power transfer from the infrastructure to running EVs is expected to be the solution to these problems. Electric vehicle and electrified roadway (EVER) has been proposed as a wireless power transfer system for EVs while in motion. Via‐wheel power transfer (V‐WPT) is expected to be a wireless power transfer scheme for EVER. We designed and prototyped a 1:32 scale model of a V‐WPT system that consists of an RF inverter, an electrified roadway, a rectifier, and an EV with a dc motor. The output power of the prototype RF inverter was 5.9 W and the dc–RF conversion efficiency was 36.6%. The LC matching circuits for the V‐WPT were designed with two‐port conjugate matching because S₁₁ of the V‐WPT was intrinsically –0.06 dB. After matching, the S₁₁ value was reduced to –21.5 dB. The power transmission efficiency of the V‐WPT system was 75%. The RF–dc conversion efficiency of the rectifier was 62%. The total efficiency of the EVER system was 24.2%.     

A Five‐Element Multiplex Resonant Full‐Bridge DC‐DC Converter with a Variable Inductive Reactance

A five‐element multiplex resonant (LLCLC) full‐bridge DC‐DC converter controlled by pulse frequency modulation (PFM) is proposed in this paper. The high frequency (HF)‐link resonant DC‐DC converter proposed herein can perform wide‐range output power and voltage regulation with a narrow frequency range due to an antiresonant tank that works effectively as a wide‐range variable inductor. The advantageous characteristics of the antiresonant tank provide overcurrent protection in the case of the short‐circuited load condition as well as in the startup interval. Thus, the technical challenges of a conventional LLC DC‐DC converter can be overcome, and the reliability of the relevant switch‐mode power supplies can be improved. The operating principle of the LLCLC DC‐DC converter is described, after which its performance is evaluated in an experimental setup based on the 2.5 kW prototype. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed DC‐DC converter is discussed from a practical point of view.     

保水性铺装材料表面蒸发冷却效果的室内实验研究

保水性铺装是一种通过表面蒸发冷却来有效降低铺装表面温度的方法,可以缓解城市热岛现象.保水材料的种类不同,效果各异,若进行室外蒸发冷却实验会受到气候条件的制约.本文以日光灯模拟太阳照射,制作了室内蒸发冷却实验装置,并针对此装置的可行性进行了实验及数值计算分析.而后,应用此装置进行了实验,分析了开粒度沥青表面铺装材料和具有...     

Influence of Drying Methods on Volatile Sulfur Constituents of Caucas (Allium victorialis L.)

The effects of freeze-drying, hot air, and vacuum far infrared-drying on caucas (Allium victorialis L.) flavor was studied. The GC and GC-MS characterization of volatiles from dried caucas powders revealed the main flavor components; disulfides and trisulfides, as well as the antithrombotic substances; vinyldithiins, remained in all products. Vi-nyldithiins were isolated and subsequently confirmed by IR, NMR and Mass Spectrometry. Rehydration of the dried powders increased measurable volatile compounds, which were produced enzymatically. Increased-storage time decreased measurable volatiles in freeze-dried and hot air-dried caucas powders while the volatile profile remained unchanged.     

Effect of Grinding Temperature on Hydroperoxide and Off-flavor Contents during Soymilk Manufacturing Process

ABSTRACT: Hydroperoxides and n -hexanal of soymilk made at different temperatures in the soybean grinding process were investigated. Both hydroperoxides and n -hexanal showed maximum amounts at 30°C, 37.78 μmol/g, and 1.94 mg/g, respectively. However, at 3°C and 80°C, amounts of hydroperoxides were about half of that at 30°C. N -hexanal showed high correlation with hydroperoxides except for at 80°C. It suggests that controlling the grinding temperature is effective to reduce hydroperoxidation and off-flavor content. Protein solubility an important index of soymilk, was decreased as the temperature increased. Grinding soybeans at low temperature is considered an economical method to produce soymilk having less off-flavor and high protein.     

Physical State of the Dispersed Phases of Emulsions Prepared with Egg Yolk Low Density Lipoprotein and Bovine Serum Albumin

Physical state of the dispersed phases of the emulsion prepared with egg yolk low density lipoprotein (LDL-emulsion) was compared with that of bovine serum albumin (BSA-emulsion). Results clearly showed that the mean globule size of LDL-emulsion was much smaller than that of BSA-emulsion and that stability of the LDL-emulsion during storage was much larger than the BSA-emulsion. These properties of LDL-emulsion appeared to be dependent on the high lipid-binding ability of LDL.     

A contour mode resonator with arched interdigital electrodes

A square plate resonator of contour mode is described in a low frequency operation. The resonator has four-part arched interdigital electrodes (IDEs) on one surface of a piezoelectric ceramic plate. The IDEs are used both for the poling treatment and the excitation of the vibration. Three modes are excited according to the combination of polarization for driving the IDEs, which are the antisymmetrical-antisymmetrical (AA) mode, the antisymmetrical-symmetrical mode (AS), and the symmetrical-symmetrical (SS) mode. The AA mode resonator is obtained in a single mode operation around 256 kHz under a condition for mechanical support.     

Analysis of Measured Data in Unbalanced Distribution System and Method of Making of Distribution System Model for Analyzing

In recent years, rapid introduction of photovoltaic power systems (PVs) causes voltage rise in distribution systems. In addition, residential PVs cause voltage unbalance in distribution systems. For these reasons, it has become difficult to control voltage in distribution systems to within the allowable range. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the voltage unbalance suppression method corresponding to the measured data in unbalanced distribution systems. Thus, we measured voltage on the distribution lines that are expected to large voltage imbalance and analyzed the reality of voltage unbalance. Also, static VAR compensator is suitable for voltage unbalance suppression, although it is expensive. Therefore, we make the distribution system model using the measured voltage in distribution systems to verify the voltage unbalance suppression effect.     

Proposal and Feasibility Study of the Integrated Diode Synchronous Motor

This paper presents a new type of magnet‐free motor that has concentrated stator windings and rotor coils with a pair of diodes. The most important feature of this motor is that currents in the rotor coils can be generated by utilizing the changes in the spatial second harmonic of the magnetic fields due to the concentrated stator windings, which normally increase motor losses. A prototype of the motor was designed and fabricated, and its basic performance was evaluated. First, using simplified analytic models, we explain the mechanism of inducing currents in the rotor coils by the changes in the spatial second harmonic of the magnetic fields. Second, we compare the torque performance of the proposed motor and that of other types of motors including a magnet motor through finite‐element analyses. The analyzed data show that the proposed motor can possess greater torque/volume ratio than that of the other motors. Finally, using the measured data, we validate the mechanism of inducing currents in the rotor coils, and examine the torque and power characteristics of the motor.