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1.
T. Hasegawa M. Nantoh M. Ogino H. Sugawara M. Kawasaki H. Koinuma K. Kitazawa 《Journal of Superconductivity》1995,8(4):467-470
STM tunneling spectroscopy has been performed on the bulk single crystals of BiSrCaCuO (BSCCO) and the epitaxial thin films of YBaCuO (YBCO) at cryogenic temperatures. The STM images and tunneling spectra observed on the (001) surfaces can be classified into three cases; 1) Atomic image is visible. However, the tunneling spectrum shows semiconducting or smeared superconducting gap structures, depending on the tip-sample distance. 2) Clear atomic image can not be obtained. But, the tunneling spectrum shows flat bottom region with quite low zero bias conductance. 3) Tunneling spectra demonstrate gapless behavior, independent of the tip-sample separation. These observations support the quasi-2D electronic picture in whichs-wave like 2D superconducting layers are coupled with each other through the Josephson effect. 相似文献
2.
Masahiro Tajima Miki Niwa Yasushi Fujii Yutaka Koinuma Reiji Aizawa Satoshi Kushiyama Satoru Kobayashi Koichi Mizuno Hideo Ohuˆchi 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》1997,12(4):1418
The decomposition of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the presence of water was examined over a variety of solid acid catalysts. The TiO2ZrO2 catalyst was found to have the highest activity and longest life among the catalysts examined. The activity of the TiO2ZrO2 catalysts depended upon the content of TiO2. At the contents of TiO2 from 58 to 90 mole%, the TiO2ZrO2 catalysts exhibited high activity, and these catalysts were proven to contain TiZrO4 crystal. From the study of the XRD peak intensity of the TiZrO4 crystal, it was highest on the TZ-58 which contained 58 mole% of TiO2, and decreased with increasing the content of TiO2. Furthermore, the conversion of CFC113 measured at 673 K was highest at TZ-58, and decreased gradually with increasing TiO2 content. Therefore, the TiZrO4 crystal influences the activity of decomposition of CFC113. However, the TiO2ZrO2 catalyst was gradually deactivated during the reaction due to the elimination of titanium atoms. A good relationship was found between the activity on TiO2ZrO2 catalyst and bond energy of CCl in the compounds of chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorocarbons, suggesting that the rate controlling step was the cleavage of CCl bond. 相似文献
3.
The second-order non-linear susceptibility components were measured using 1.064 μm incident light for ZnO thin films of various thicknesses from 24.4 to 283 nm self-assembled on sapphire substrates by laser molecular beam epitaxy. It was found that the values of the non-linear susceptibility for the films are almost the same as those of bulk material, except the samples with thicknesses ranging from 35 to 64.8 nm, which show a large enhancement effect. For the sample with a thickness of 44.4 nm, the second-order non-linear susceptibility components were found to be approximately 14.7 pm/v for d31, 15.2 pm/v for d15, and −83.7 pm/v, a value approximately 14 times that of the bulk material, for d33. The second-order non-linear coefficient enhancement in the thin films may be resulted from the microcrystallite structures. 相似文献
4.
Quinjiao Wang Kenji Itaka Hideki Minami Hitoshi Kawaji Hideomi Koinuma 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2004,5(5-6):543
La1−xCaxVO3 composition-spread film library was fabricated by combinatorial pulsed laser deposition and their thermoelectric properties were evaluated paralelly by the multi-channel probes of Seebeck coefficient and electric conductivity. Concurrent X-ray analysis verified the formation of solid soluted films in the full composition range (0x1) as judged from the linear variation of the lattice constants. The Seebeck coefficients of La1−xCaxVO3 changed from a large negative value to almost zero with the increase of x, due presumably to the variation of valence in vanadium ions.The power factor in this library was as high as 0.6 μW/cm K2, which was obtained at x=0, i.e. pure LaVO3 grown at 800 °C. 相似文献
5.
Several methods to determine number-average molecular weight Mn and weight-average molecular weight Mw, of a polymer sample are proposed from diffusion and sedimentation velocity measurements at the θ point. According to these methods, Mn and Mw are determined from the diffusion constant vs. molecular weight relationship, and also from the equations of Svedberg and Flory–Mandelkern, using the 2nd-order and the –2nd-order diffusion constants. These methods have been applied to four samples of polydisperse polystyrene in the θ solvent, cyclohexane at 35°C. It was experimentally ascertained that Mn and Mw of each sample determined by the present methods were in good agreement with the results of column fractionation, light scattering, and calculated values from molecular weight distribution curve within experimental errors. It is concluded that the present methods are useful for determining Mn and Mw, since the reliabilities of Mn and Mw values, which are fundamental quantities of polymer characterization, can be raised by comparing the experimental data observed by conventional methods such as osmotic pressure, light scattering, and the Archibald method with those observed by the present methods. 相似文献
6.
The effects of the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient of a polymer solution (polystyrene in benzene and cyclohexane) in determining molecular weight distribution by the diffusion method are briefly discussed. The value of the ratio Dm0/DA0 in a good solvent was found to be close to 1.0 for a polydisperse polymer and less than 1.0 for monodisperse polymers. Molecular weight distribution curves of the polydisperse sample were obtained by the diffusion method in cyclohexane and benzene, respectively. The molecular weight distribution curve obtained for the polymer used in benzene solution looked as if the polymer had a narrow molecular weight distribution. The phenomena cited above were interpreted in the light of the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient of polymer solutions. 相似文献
7.
Hideomi Koinuma Min-Sung Kim Toshiaki Asakawa Mamoru Yoshimoto 《Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures》2013,21(3):599-612
Abstract Several new processes have been developed for the preparation of fullerenes and thin films by using a pulsed excimer laser. The irradiation of a pulsed KrF excimer laser beam onto a C60 powder target produced single phase C60 thin films when the laser energy fluence was in the range between 40 and 50mJ/cm2. By atomic force microscopy, the laser-deposited C60 thin film was verified to have a surface far smoother that the surfaces of films produced by the conventional evaporation method. The stainless steel rods coated with this film exhibited an excellent tribological property. Cluster formation from SiC and other carbides MCn(M=Ti,W,B) was investigated by laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry. No clear indication was observed for the production of such clusters as (SiC)60 and (MxC60-x) from the sintered targets directly as well as from the films laser deposited from the targets. However, C60 and C70 were found to exists in the laser-deposited films, indicating a new applicability of pulsed laser processing for segregative cluster synthesis from solid solution. Preliminiary results on thin film deposition via pulsed ablation of (Ba,Na)xSi46 clathrate were also presented. 相似文献
8.
Tomonobu Senjyu Ryosei Sakamoto Naomitsu Urasaki Toshihisa Funabashi Hideki Fujita Hideomi Sekine 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2007,158(4):31-41
Effective utilization of renewable energies such as wind energy instead of fossil fuels is desirable. Wind energy is not constant and windmill output is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, which causes the generated power of wind turbine generators (WTGs) to fluctuate. In order to reduce the output power fluctuation of wind farms, this paper presents an output power leveling control strategy for a wind farm based on both the average wind farm output power and the standard deviation of the wind farm output power, a cooperative control strategy for WTGs, and pitch angle control using a generalized predictive controller (GPC) in all WTG operating regions. Simulation results using an actual detailed model for wind farm systems show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 158(4): 31– 41, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience. wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20448 相似文献
9.
Hideomi Ohtsubo Mitsuru Kitamura 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》1990,29(2):223-244
A quantitative method of a posteriori error estimation based on finite element solutions is developed. The proposed method can estimate the error of solutions obtained by the finite element method for two-dimensional elastic problems with 4-node elements. Since the error is estimated element by element, the proposed method does not require a large memory or long computing time. Not only rectangular elements but also arbitrarily shaped 4-node elements can be used in this method for estimating the error in the finite element computation with high accuracy. The finite element solutions are improved by adding the estimated errors onto the original solutions. The proposed method can be utilized for any type of linear problem if an isoparametric finite element method is used. 相似文献
10.
R. Takahashi Y. Yonezawa M. Ohtani M. Kawasaki K. Nakajima T. Chikyow H. Koinuma Y. Matsumoto 《Advanced functional materials》2006,16(4):485-491
Excellent crystallinity of material films and atomic control of their surface/interface, sufficient for the realization of their optimal physical properties, are technological premises for modern functional‐device applications. Bi4Ti3O12 and related compounds attract much interest as highly insulating, ferroelectric materials for use in ferroelectric random‐access memories. However, it has been difficult thus far for Bi4Ti3O12 films to satisfy such requirements when formed using vapor‐phase epitaxy, owing to the high volatility of Bi in a vacuum. Here, we demonstrate that flux‐mediated epitaxy is one of the most promising and widely applicable concepts to overcome this inevitable problem. The key point of this process is the appropriate selection of a multi‐component flux system. A combinatorial approach has led to the successful discovery of the novel flux composition of Bi–Cu–O for Bi4Ti3O12 single‐crystal film growth. The perfect single‐crystal nature of the stoichiometric Bi4Ti3O12 film formed has been verified through its giant grain size and electric properties, equivalent to those of bulk single crystals. This demonstration has broad implications, opening up the possibility of preparing stoichiometric single‐crystal oxide films via vapor‐phase epitaxy, even if volatile constituents are required. 相似文献