新的多分量地震处理系统

在怀俄明大学针对地壳研究项目开发了一套新的多分量地震数据处理系统软件包。该系统具有成功开发的类似于某些商业模拟程序所使用的作业描述语言，它有利于复杂处理算法的编程，监督程序采用独特的反向传播处理策略，给处理流程增加了灵活性。系统的结构允许按自然方式进行并行计算。针对我们的系统已开发出了６０多个地震处理模块，专用接口能为其它处理系统开发的老模块兼容。系统用ｃ程序语言编写，某些模块则使用ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ     

国外金属卤化物粒子制造方法

国外金属卤化物粒子制造方法天津照明电器公司特种光源研究所聂春生，王贺东，周守芳一、引言Ｓｃｏｔｔ·Ａｎｄｅｒｓｏｎ于７０年代申请了一系列美国专利［１、２、３］，几乎解决了所有制造金属卤化物粒子的关键技术，并达到了工业化生产阶段。然而，就目前我国的情况...     

制备钝感炸药的新方法

制造钝感炸药,可从两方面着手: 1.选择一种具有能量离散作用快速型的(rapid mode of energy delocalization)粘结剂,如含能粘结剂聚2-甲基-5-乙烯基四唑(PMVT)和非含能粘结剂聚乙二醇(PEG)所组成的聚合物共混。 2.减少硝胺炸药内部的孔洞。可用长脂肪链的烷基膦化氧的混合物作溶剂对硝胺炸药进行重结晶而实现。这种重结晶后的硝胺炸药,长成树枝状,基本上无孔穴,仅在枝状晶核处发现有很小的孔洞。文中介绍了炸药和推进剂在这些方面所取得的进展。     

Morphological characterization of the nymphs Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae). Description of the testes, integument, Malpighian tubules, and midgut on the detachment day

This study presents the morpho-histological and histochemical characterization of the testes, integument, Malpighian tubules, and midgut of engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus nymphs on the detachment day, showing the morphological and physiological characteristics to this phase in the life cycle of these individuals. The testis is constituted by germinative cells (only spermatogonia) with large, round-shaped and strongly stained nuclei which are organized into cysts by a thin layer of somatic cells. The integument consists of a cuticle subdivided into epicuticle (lipoprotein) and procuticle (glycoproteic), and a layer of epithelial cells which present glycolipoprotein elements. The procuticle presents two distinct regions: the exocuticle (next to the epicuticle) and the endocuticle (next to the epithelial layer). The Malpighian tubules present a simple epithelium with small flat and/or cubic cells, which form its wall and delimitates a lumen full of lipoprotein material. The midgut consists of an epithelial wall formed by two types of digestive cells, spent cells and empty digest cells, and by generative cells supported by a basal lamina and a thin layer of muscular tissue. This study described the main organs of engorged nymphs of R. sanguineus, to generate information that can help researchers to better understand the biology of these ectoparasites; which is fundamental for the development of compounds that are less aggressive to the environment. In addition, if the immature stages of the ticks are controlled, the number of adult ticks able to cause damages to the animals--and to the man as well--is also under control.     

Surveyance of disease frequency in a population by linkage to diagnostic laboratory databases. A system for monitoring the incidences of hyper- and hypothyroidism as part of the Danish iodine supplementation program

In Denmark an increase in iodine intake through salt iodization has been introduced in 1998. In parallel a program for surveyance of thyroid diseases in the population was developed as recommended by UNICEF and WHO. OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a computer based system to identify and register new cases of hyper- and hypothyroidism in a well defined cohort, by linkage to diagnostic laboratory databases. DESIGN AND RESULTS: (1) Two sub cohorts for monitoring were defined (n=535,859), and evaluated to minimize loss of new cases. Collaboration was established with laboratories covering thyroid hormone analyses in the cohort; (2) a diagnostic algorithm was defined and evaluated against clinical practice; (3) evaluation of the laboratory methods employed by the four participating laboratories, to ensure they would reach the same diagnosis in a patient; (4) a register database was developed which used data imported from the laboratory databases to automatically identify previously unknown cases of hyper- and hypothyroidism and record diagnostic activity in the area. All parts of the registration were carefully evaluated. CONCLUSION: We describe for the first time a computer based system for prospective measuring the incidence rate of hyper- and hypothyroidism. The system is particularly useful for monitoring of iodine supplementation programmes.     

Simple automatic initiator for microwave induced plasmas

A simple circuit is described which is used to maintain continuity of a radio-frequency or microwave induced plasma. The microwave power reflected from the discharge is monitored. Upon an increase of the reflected power which indicates that the plasma has become extinguished, a high-voltage pulse is applied to a coil wrapped around the discharge region. The repetition rate, voltage of the pulse, and threshold of reflected power are adjustible. This circuit is applicable to resonance fluorescence, atomic absorption and emission, and kinetic determinations.     

Microchip laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: a preliminary feasibility investigation

A commercial, 7 microJ/pulse, 550 ps microchip laser is used to induce plasma on Pb, Si, Cu, Fe, Ni, Ti, Zn, Ta, and Mo foils and a Si wafer. The measured plasma lifetime is comparable with the duration of the laser pulse (a few ns). The plasma continuum radiation is low, while some of the strong resonance lines (e.g., Zn 213.86 nm) show self-reversal. Quantitative analysis is possible using non-gated detectors but analytical lines should be chosen with care to avoid reduction in the linear dynamic range. The mass removed (0.5-20 ng/pulse) is sufficient to yield spectra that are detectable with portable grating spectrometers equipped with non-gated, non-intensified detector arrays. The spectrum of Cd is detected with a broadband portable spectrometer (200-950 nm). The combination of the broadband spectrometer and the microchip laser is very promising for material identification, especially in field applications.     

Automatic correction of continuum background in laser-induced breakdown and Raman spectrometry

The goal of this work was the development and evaluation of an algorithm for the approximation and automatic subtraction of continuum backgrounds in laser-induced breakdown and Raman spectra. The background correction algorithm was applied to simple and complex spectra and its effect on identification accuracy was studied. Linear correlation was used for the identification of plastic samples using both laser-induced breakdown and Raman spectra. For both techniques, the algorithm successfully eliminated continuum background without compromising spectral integrity. A significant improvement in the percentage of correct plastic identifications was observed for Raman spectra. The approach should be applicable to a wide range of background correction problems in atomic and molecular spectroscopy.     

试论镉离子浮选的表面化学原理

由各种经济活动产出的水溶液一般都含有复杂的成分，含有机和无机的化合物。含在矿业废水中的金属离子是一些危险的污染物，但它们常常又是一些有用化合珠的重要来源，特别应该指出的是，隔是这些废液中毒性较高的微量金属之一，并且在很多工业生产（主要包括金属抛光、电镀、陶瓷、金属合金、锌熔炼等）过程中都会产出含废水，以及在很多矿册酸性污水中也含有镉，用传统的方法从很稀的溶液中回收金属离子显然是不合适的，因为这些方法都不能达到很高的回刷率，离子浮选已成为一种可替代传统工艺的方法，并且还是一种很有发展前景的工艺方法，综既能改善环境质量，又能加收一些有用的化合物，离子浮选是一种通过金属与优先吸附在溶液一空气界面上的捕收剂相互作用，从而达到从深液中除去金属的过程，因此，这些离子就能通过旆溶液中鼓入空气而被除去，然后分离出产出的泡沫，在