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1.
Yamaguchi Y. Mitsumoto M. Sengoku M. Abe T. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on》1992,30(1):186-189
An FM-CW radar system was applied to detect a human body buried in a very wet snowpack. This radar uses the L -band microwave frequency with a maximum output power of 100 mW, and utilizes digital signal processing techniques. Field experiments were carried out to detect and map a human body embedded at a depth of 125 cm in a natural snowpack. The radar is shown to have a potential ability to detect avalanche victims, indicating that it may become a tool for snow rescuer operations 相似文献
2.
Animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) provide a unique opportunity to study this incurable and fatal human disease both clinically and pathologically. This is particularly true for certain pathological and therapeutic studies that are impractical or impossible to perform in human patients. Nonetheless, postmortem ALS tissue remains the "gold standard" against which pathologic findings in animal models must be compared. Four natural disease models have been most extensively studied, including three mouse models: motor neuron degeneration (Mnd), progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn), wobbler, and one canine model: hereditary canine spinal muscular atrophy (HCSMA). The wobbler mouse has been the most extensively studied of these models with analyses of clinical, pathological (perikaryon, axon, muscle), and biochemical features. Experimentally induced ALS animal models have allowed controlled testing of various neurotoxic, viral and immune-mediated mechanisms. Molecular techniques have recently generated mouse models in which genes relevant to the human disease or motor neuron biology have been manipulated. The most clinically relevant of these is a transgenic mouse overexpressing the mutated SOD1 gene of FALS patients, which has already provided significant insights into mechanisms of motor neuron degeneration in this disease. Because no single animal model perfectly reflects all the clinical and pathological characteristics of ALS, study of selected features from the most relevant models will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and/or etiology of this disease. 相似文献
3.
Abnormalities in the Metabolism of Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols in the Liver of the Goto-Kakizaki Rat: A Model for Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetes
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4.
H Kitagawa T Hayashi Y Mitsumoto N Koga Y Itoyama K Abe 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,29(7):1417-1422
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) plays important roles in the survival and recovery of some mature neurons under pathological conditions. However, the effect of GDNF in ameliorating ischemic brain injury has not been well documented. Therefore, we investigated a possible effect of GDNF on the changes of infarct size, brain edema, DNA fragmentation, and immunoreactivities for caspases after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. METHODS: For the estimation of ischemic brain injury, we calculated the infarct size of MCA region and also measured the brain water content as edema formation at 24 hours after the MCAO. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin in situ nick labeling (TUNEL) staining was performed for the detection of DNA fragmentation. Immunoreactivities for caspase-1 (ICE), caspase-2 (Nedd-2), and caspase-3 (CPP32) were stained. RESULTS: Both infarct size and brain edema after permanent MCAO were significantly reduced by topical application of GDNF (48% and 30% decreases, P=0.01). TUNEL staining and immunoreactivities for caspases were markedly induced at 12 hours after permanent MCAO in the vehicle-treated animals. However, the spatial distribution of those immunohistochemically positive cells was dissociative in each caspase. Induction of TUNEL staining and immunoreactivities for caspases-1 and -3 was greatly reduced with GDNF treatment, whereas the reduction of caspase-2 staining was only minimum. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the reduction of infarct size and brain edema by GDNF was greatly associated with the reduction of DNA fragmentation and apoptotic signals predominantly through caspases-1 and -3 cascades. 相似文献
5.
Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides in Automotive Exhaust Containing Excess Oxygen by NOx Storage-Reduction Catalyst 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shin'ichi Matsumoto 《CATTECH》2000,4(2):102-109
Automotive catalyst technology is now faced with very difficult problems. As a result of automakers' efforts to produce more efficient and lower-emission vehicles, lean-burn gasoline engines have been introduced into the market. While these are much more efficient than the conventional engines, the NOx removal has become significantly more difficult. After enormous efforts, we succeeded to solve the problem by inventing a new class of catalyst. Here, our challenge to develop the new catalyst that stores and then reduces NOx is described. The catalyst made it possible for emissions of lean-burn engines to meet the strict NOx regulations. 相似文献
6.
Changes in the amounts of water-soluble umami-related substances in porcine longissimus and biceps femoris muscles during moist heat cooking 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Time course changes in amounts of glutamic acid, total free amino acid, inosine monophosphate (IMP), and 2%-trichloroacetic acid-soluble oligopeptides in whole, muscle only, and cooking juice during wet-heat cooking in pork longissimus and biceps femoris muscles were investigated because the movements of umami-relevant substances during cooking treatment had not previously been clarified in detail. The amounts of glutamic acid, total free amino acid, and IMP significantly (P<.05) decreased and increased in muscle and cooking juice during 180min of cooking, respectively. The whole amounts of glutamic acid and total free amino acid remained unchanged during cooking treatment. The whole amount of IMP, however, increased significantly at 10min of cooking (P<.05) and was maintained after the 10-min period. The extramuscular oligopeptides amount increased significantly in response to the cooking treatment (P<.05). The intramuscular amount of oligopeptides decreased at 30min of cooking but increased significantly (P<.05) after 60min. The whole meat oligopeptides amount increased significantly during a 180-min cooking treatment (P<.05). These results indicate that glutamate, total free amino acid, and IMP were released from the muscle during cooking, and that IMP levels increased in the initial phase of cooking. In addition, oligopeptides increased during wet-heat cooking of pork muscles. 相似文献
7.
H Mitsumoto K Ikeda B Klinkosz JM Cedarbaum V Wong RM Lindsay 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,265(5175):1107-1110
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) each promote the survival and differentiation of developing motor neurons, but do so through distinct cellular signaling pathways. Administration of either factor alone has been shown to slow, but not to arrest, progression of motor neuron dysfunction in wobbler mice, an animal model of motor neuron disease. Because CNTF and BDNF are known to synergize in vitro and in ovo, the efficacy of CNTF and BDNF cotreatment was tested in the same animal mode. Subcutaneous injection of the two factors on alternate days was found to arrest disease progression in wobbler mice for 1 month, as measured by several behavioral, physiological, and histological criteria. 相似文献
8.
Michiyo Motoyama Miho Kobayashi Keisuke Sasaki Masaru Nomura Mitsuru Mitsumoto 《Meat science》2010,84(1):202-207
Meat ‘reddening’ by bacteria was observed in chilled beef. To identify the reddening bacteria, isolates were inoculated onto beef and the changes in CIE L*a*b* values monitored. As a result, two Pseudomonas spp., including Pseudomonas fragi which is commonly observed in raw meat, were selected and identified as reddening bacteria. The reddening was coincidentally occurred with the appearance of slime, and the increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was simultaneously suppressed. In myoglobin-containing nutrient broth, it is shown spectroscopically that P. fragi converted metmyoglobin into deoxymyoglobin. It was concluded that the meat reddening was due to the formation of deoxymyoglobin, induced by the very-low-oxygen tension brought about by Pseudomonad’s oxygen consumption: This oxygen depletion simultaneously suppressed TBARS increase. 相似文献
9.
Shizuyo Tanaka Tohru Yamazaki Satoshi Asano Atsushi Mitsumoto Daisuke Kobayashi Naomi Kudo Yoichi Kawashima 《Lipids》2013,48(11):1115-1134
SHR/NDmcr-cp (cp/cp) rats (SHR/NDcp) are an animal model of metabolic syndrome. A previous study of ours revealed drastic increases in the mass of palmitic (16:0), oleic (18:1n-9), palmitoleic (16:1n-7), cis-vaccenic (18:1n-7) and 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acids in the liver of SHR/NDcp. However, detailed information on the class of lipid accumulated and the mechanism responsible for the overproduction of the accumulated lipid in the liver was not obtained. This study aimed to characterize the class of lipid accumulated and to explore the mechanism underlying the lipid accumulation in the liver of SHR/NDcp, in comparison with SHR/NDmcr-cp (+/+) (lean hypertensive littermates of SHR/NDcp) and Wistar Kyoto rats. In the liver of SHR/NDcp, de novo synthesis of fatty acids (16:0, 18:1n-9 and 16:1n-7) and triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis were up-regulated and fatty acid β-oxidation was down-regulated. These perturbations of lipid metabolism caused fat accumulation in hepatocytes and accumulation of TAG, which were enriched with 16:0, 18:1n-9 and 16:1n-7, in the liver of SHR/NDcp. On the other hand, no changes were found in hepatic contents of diacylglycerol and unesterified fatty acid (FFA); among FFA, there were no differences in the hepatic concentrations of unesterified 16:0 and stearic acid between SHR/NDcp and two other groups of rats. Moreover, little change was brought about in the expression of genes responsive to endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver of SHR/NDcp. These results may reinforce the pathophysiological role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 and fatty acid elongase 6 in the liver of SHR/NDcp. 相似文献
10.
Shin'ichi Ishida 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1981,26(8):2743-2750
Polymerization of formaldehyde carried out in the solution method and gas supply method using various initiators at various temperatures and characterization of the polyoxymethylene obtained are discussed. In both modes of polymerization, polyoxymethylenes with sufficient molecular weight (M?n) and small M?w/M?n were obtained. The toughness of polymer as determined by the M?w/M?n of the polymer with sufficient Mn was confirmed. 相似文献