Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Modified Cobalt Catalysts

The catalysts of Co/Zr-SiO2 were prepared by precipitation and the promoter of Pt was supported by impregnation. The reducibility of the cobalt oxide and the other physicochemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by TPR, TPD, BET and XPS. With the evaluation of the reduction temperature, the reduction degree increased but the surface area of the catalysts and the adsorption property for reactant CO distinctly decreased; The addition of Pt resulted in the improvement of the reducibility by decreasing the reduction temperature of cobalt oxide species. The FT-synthesis has been performed in a quartz fixed-bed reactor, and the experimental results showed that the best activity for promoted catalyst has been found at the reduction temperature of 400℃, in spite of its uncompleted reduction.     

MEA-AMP混合醇胺捕集烟气二氧化碳过程分析

本文根据焦化烟道气实际数据,应用流程模拟软件Aspen Plus模拟分析了MEA吸收剂以及MEA和空间位阻胺AMP混合吸收剂捕集烟道气中CO₂的吸收解吸效果。结果表明,混合胺浓度30 wt%（摩尔比MEA:AMP=1:1）吸收剂的吸收效果较好,为了进一步考察该种配比混合胺吸收剂的吸收、解吸特性,对其进行了灵敏度分析,并选取了25 wt%MEA为基准吸收剂,对比分析了进料温度、解吸塔再沸器热负荷和解吸塔压力对吸收解吸效果的影响,当吸收剂进料温度40℃时,单一MEA吸收剂吸收CO₂效率86.8%,混合胺的吸收率89.6%:2种吸收剂达到55%的解吸率,单一MEA吸收剂工艺再沸器热负荷为4500 kW,混合胺吸收剂工艺再沸器热负荷为3000 kW;当解吸塔压力1.5 bar时,单一MEA吸收剂对CO₂解吸率52.4%,混合胺吸收剂的解吸率55.8%,由对比结果得出混合胺（摩尔比MEA:AMP=1:1）的吸收、解吸效果均优于单一25 wt%MEA吸收剂。     

离子液体中羟丙基纤维素的合成

使用离子液体1,3-二乙基咪唑磷酸二乙酯盐([EEIM][DEP])为反应溶剂主组分来溶解微晶纤维素进行羟丙基化衍生,微晶纤维素和醚化剂在离子液体中均可形成均相,通过碱化、醚化、酸化及洗涤等步骤制备得到不同取代度的羟丙基纤维素。考察了碱化反应温度、反应原料摩尔比、醚化反应时间及酸化剂的种类对羟丙基纤维素产品的收率和摩尔取代度的影响,并采用红外、核磁、TGA等手段对产品结构进行了表征。     

水/二甲基乙酰胺/聚砜体系双结点线的神经网络预测

基于实验数据,采用人工神经网络对水/二甲基乙酰胺/聚砜体系的双结点线进行了预测. 设计并验证了具有两个输入神经元(体系温度和聚砜的质量分数)和两个输出神经元(水和二甲基乙酰胺的质量分数)的BP(Back Propagation)网络, 选取50组训练样本和39组检验样本分别对网络进行了训练与检验. 结果表明,对水与二甲基乙酰胺质量分数的预测平均相对误差分别为1.86%和0.10%. 采用该网络能较好地预测常压下、20~60℃温度范围内水/二甲基乙酰胺/聚砜体系的双结点线.     

环氧乙烷法合成乙二醇的技术创新

乙二醇（EG）是一种重要的基础化工原料,乙二醇工业涉及国民经济的多个领域,对支撑国民经济基础产业和战略新兴产业具有重大战略意义。本文简要阐述了环氧乙烷法生产乙二醇的技术进展,着重介绍了离子液体催化环氧乙烷生产乙二醇的创新工艺（ILC工艺）。该工艺是我国具有自主创新知识产权和自主运作权的乙二醇新技术,具有工艺简单、水比低、节能效果显著、原料适应性强、产品结构可调等优点,与现有乙二醇工业装置有良好相嵌性,推广应用前景广阔。甲醇制烯烃技术（MTO）的推广应用和多套EO/EG装置的投产使环氧乙烷的原料价格更加低廉,而且石化企业具有几十年大型装置的生产经验,因此,采用创新性技术以环氧乙烷为原料生产乙二醇的路线将在为今后较长的时期占主导地位。     

铝在路易斯酸性1-烯丙基-3甲基米唑氯铝酸离子液体中的低温电沉积(英文)

Lewis acidic 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate ionic liquids were used as promising elec-trolytes in the low-temperature electrodeposition of aluminium.Systematic studies on deposition process have been performed by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.The surface morphology and X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns of deposits prepared at different experimental conditions were also investigated.It was shown that the nu-cleation density and growth rate of crystallites had a great effect on the structure of aluminium deposited.The crys-tallographic orientation of deposits was mainly influenced by temperature and current density.Smooth,dense and well adherent aluminium coatings were obtained on copper substrates at 10-25 mA?cm?2 and 313.2-353.2 K.More-over,the current efficiency of deposition and purity of aluminium have been significantly improved,demonstrating that the ionic liquids tested have a prospectful potential in electroplating and electrorefining of aluminium.     

电解质活度系数与溶剂化数

采用扩展的Debye-H(?)ckel方程来表示溶剂化离子的活度系数,并应用数学处理消去渗透系数(?),从而建立了一个只与溶剂化数h有关的单参数活度系数公式.经对48个体系的处理,表明本文所建立的单参数活度系数公式具有良好的适用性.     

合成气直接制取低碳烯烃的铁基负载型催化剂的制备与性能

采用浸渍法制备了合成气直接制取低碳烯烃的铁基负载型催化剂,在固定床反应器中考察了载体、助剂、焙烧温度及反应温度与压力、原料气空速对催化性能的影响,并对其进行了表征. 结果表明,焙烧温度对催化剂活性有重要影响,FeK/ZSM-5催化剂经500℃焙烧3 h后具有最佳的催化活性,提高反应压力可明显提高活性,而增加原料气空速活性明显降低;添加助剂K和Mn明显提高了催化剂的低碳烯烃选择性,在H2/CO=2(j)、反应温度380℃、压力1.0 MPa、原料气空速4400 h-1条件下,FeMnK/ZSM-5可将CO转化率从Fe/ZSM-5催化剂的18.7%升至63.8%, C2=~C3=选择性从4.8%升至14.1%.     

筚路蓝缕，以启山林；栉风沐雨，砥砺歌行-贺张懿院士八十大寿

今年6月11日，是张懿院士八十大寿，值此之际，中国科学院过程工程研究所经由《过程工程学报》为张懿院士发行《绿色制造的全过程污染控制》专刊，本专刊特邀多名资源、环境领域知名专家精心撰写论文，以贺张懿院士八十华诞。