抽水蓄能电站引水调压室先增后甩工况最高涌浪研究

以国内某抽水蓄能电站为例,选取先增后甩工况作为最高涌浪的控制工况,分别采用解析法和基于特征线的数值仿真法,对比分析了最高涌浪的发生条件及2种方法的差异。结果表明:数值仿真法考虑了导叶启闭规律的影响,相较于采用流量突变模型的解析法,调压室水位波动发生滞后,更准确地模拟了调压室的水位波动过程;导叶启闭规律越长,工况转换越多,则滞后时间越久,但几乎不影响调压室的涌浪极值;2种方法共同验证了先增后甩工况的最不利叠加时刻为初始工况与叠加工况的Z-V曲线相切时刻,相应产生的调压室涌浪最高;数值仿真法由于发生叠加工况时流量为渐变,因而切点的发生时刻在Z-V曲线上产生后移,但2种方法的调压室的涌浪极值十分接近。     

平衡回路故障排除及预防措施

平衡回路故障排除及预防措施西北电力建设第四工程公司仵丰收楚天ＩＰＦ—８５Ｂ混凝土泵车在泵送混凝土时发生臂架缓缓自动下落的现象，经仔细检查和分析是上段臂架油缸自动回缩所致。这一故障不但妨碍安全生产，而巨影响泵送混凝土的准确性。根据臂架回路液压系统工作原...     

20Cr_（2）Ni_（4）W钢钴粉涂层激光合金化的试验研究

本文采用２ｋＷＣＯ_２激光器对２０Ｃｒ_（２）Ｎｉ_（４）Ｗ钢进行了激光表面钴合金化的试验研究。用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针、Ｘ射线衍射、透射电镜、显微硬度计等手段分析了合金化区域的成分、组织和性能。结果表明，激光表面钴合金化可获得含钴均匀的合金化层，合金化层的高温硬度和热疲劳性能均有提高，在热作工具钢表面性能优化领域有着良好的应用前景。     

ANN valuation model of material LCIA profile

Weighting model is the only valuation model of life cycle impact assessment(LCIA) profile now. It simplifies evaluation function into linear function, and makes the determination of weighting factor complicated. Therefore the valuation of LCIA profile is the most critical and controversial step in life cycle assessment(LCA). Development on valuation models, which are understood easily and accepted widely, is urgently needed in the field of LCA.The modeling approaches for the linear evaluation function were summed up. The modeling approaches for the nonlinear evaluation function were set up by function approximation theory, which include choosing preference products, forming preference data, establishing artificial neural network(ANN) and training ANN by preference data.By selecting 7 material products as preference product, experience was done with modeling approaches of the nonlinear evaluation function. The results show that the modeling approaches and valuation model of the nonlinear evaluation function are more practical than the weighting model.     

Effect of low-frequency rotary electromagnetic-field on solidification structure of continuous casting austenitic stainless steel

To understand the solidification behavior of austenitic stainless steel in rotary electromagnetic-field, the influence of low-frequency rotary electromagnetic-field on solidification structure of austenitic stainless steel in horizontal continuous casting was investigated based on industrial experiments. The results show that the solidification structure of austenitic stainless steel can be remarkably refined, the central porosity and shrinkage cavity can be remarkably decreased, and the equiaxed grains zone are enlarged by means of application of appropriate low-frequency electromagnetic-field parameters. The industrial trials verify that the stirring intensity of austenitic stainless steel should be higher compared with that of plain carbon steel. Electromagnetic stirring affects the macrostructure even if the average magnetic flux density of the electromagnetic stirring reaches 90 mT (amplitude reaches 141 mT) with the frequency of 3–4 Hz. Due to a higher viscosity, rotating speed of molten stainless steel is 20%–30% lower than that of molten carbon steel in the same magnetic flux density. Foundation item: Project(CSTC2007BB4216) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China     

PP／交联POE共混物力学性能和形态的研究

采用过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）引发POE弹性体交联，溶解性实验与熔体流动速率实验结果表明，当DCP含量从0．5‰（质量含量，下同）增加至5．0‰时，凝胶含量从0．8％增加至12．8％，对应的共混物的熔体流动速率从2．80g／10min下降至0．80g／10min，这是POE弹性体交联的结果。将交联后的POE与PP共混，其与PP的共混物的冲击强度在较低的交联度时有一小范围的提高，当DCP含量超过2．0‰后，共混物的冲击性能明显下降。扫描电镜观察表明，随着POE交联度的增加，共混物中POE在基体中的分散明显变差，这与其冲击性能有很好的相关性。     

板坯连铸机滞坯攻关实践

通过分析凌钢转炉炼钢厂1号板坯连铸机扇形段的整体设计、润滑、日常维护和离线检修中存在的问题而造成滞坯现象，采取有效措施进行相应改进，并总结扇形段在设计、维修方面的经验教训。     

纳米TiO2在汽车面漆中的应用研究

阐述了纳米TiO2对汽车面漆性能的影响机理,提出了利用纳米TiO2提高汽车面漆耐老化性的设想,制定了纳米TiO2涂料的配方,并研究分析了纳米TiO2对汽车面漆性能的影响规律.通过实验对漆膜的光泽度、附着力、冲击强度、硬度、耐水性、耐老化性等进行检测,当纳米TiO2的加入量为1.0%～2.0%时,涂层的耐老化性能平均提高20%左右,其光泽度也有所提高,而附着力、冲击强度、硬度、耐水性提高不明显.     

求解多目标优化问题的分级变异量子进化算法

分析量子进化算法和免疫算子的特点,提出一种分级变异的量子进化算法,用于求解多目标优化问题.算法主要基于两个策略:首先,利用快速非受控排序和密度距离计算种群抗原-抗体的亲和度;然后,基于亲和度排序将个体进行分级,最优分级中的个体作为算法中的最优个体,大部分实施量子旋转更新和免疫操作,而剩余分级中的个体实施免疫交叉操作以获得新的个体补充种群.求解多目标0/1背包问题的实验结果表明了该算法的有效性.