Pulsed cold plasma-induced blood coagulation and its pilot application in stanching bleeding during rat hepatectomy

This paper presents plasma-induced blood coagulation and its pilot application in rat hepatectomy by using a home-made pulsed cold plasma jet. Experiments were conducted on blood coagulation in vitro, the influence of plasma on tissue in vivo, and the pilot application of rat hepatectomy. Experimental results show that the cold plasma can lead to rapid blood coagulation. Compared with the control sample, the plasma-induced agglomerated layer of blood is thicker and denser, and is mostly composed of broken platelets. When the surface of the liver was treated by plasma, the influence of the plasma can penetrate into the liver to a depth of about 500 μm. During the rat hepatectomy, cold plasma was proved to be effective for stanching bleeding on incision. No obvious bleeding was found in the abdominal cavities of all six rats 48 h after the hepatectomy. This implies that cold plasma can be an effective modality to control bleeding during surgical operation.     

低温离体肾脏上皮细胞Ca2+动态变化检测

研究细胞内Ca2+对低温连续灌流120h的离体肾的影响.对经连续灌流的离体肾脏组织进行冰冻切片处理,切片经Fluo-3/AM荧光剂染色后分成三组.Ⅰ组利用无Ca2+孵育液,Ⅱ组利用添加普鲁卡因的无Ca2+孵育液,Ⅲ组利用添加异搏定的无Ca2+孵育液,分别孵育30min,并采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)检测肾小管上皮细胞亚结构中Ca2+浓度的变化.结果表明: 低温适应过程中肾小管上皮细胞内Ca2+浓度升高主要源于内钙变化,持续时间不长;被普鲁卡因选择性阻断的内质网膜Ryanodine受体系统介导的Ca2+释放可能为该过程中Ca2+的来源.同时Ca2+检测手段对实验过程中Ca2+浓度变化的湮灭效应应该加以注意.     

高压纳秒脉冲电场消融黑色素瘤细胞实验研究

为了研究高压纳秒脉冲电场(nsPEF)消融恶性肿瘤的关键影响参数,基于火花开关和传输线变压器(TLT)技术,自主研制重频高压纳秒脉冲电场(RnsPEF)发生系统,可以稳定输出纳秒级脉宽的指数脉冲,证实了高压纳秒脉冲电场杀伤肿瘤细胞的效果和可控性. 以贴壁生长于六孔板中B16黑色素瘤细胞为对象,研究脉冲次数、峰值电压、重复频率和电极针对间距对肿瘤细胞消融效果的影响. 以电极杯中B16肿瘤细胞悬液为研究对象,结合CCK-8检测法开展脉冲处理后细胞活性的研究. 结果发现,高压脉冲电场和脉冲能量注入密度是影响纳秒脉冲电场消融肿瘤细胞的关键因素,重复频率对消融效果的影响不大. 结果显示,自制RnsPEF系统消融B16肿瘤细胞的阈值电场强度为6.8 kV/cm,注入能量密度的阈值为11.4 J/cm³和最佳消融次数为500次脉冲.     

脉冲电场与生物医药技术的交叉及其对肿瘤治疗模式的改变

生命现象与电密切相关。脉冲电场的生物效应促进了生命科学与电气工程技术的交叉融合,使得高功率脉冲技术在生物医药领域形成了快速发展的边缘交叉学科,在医学、农业、给药系统、细胞生物工程上应用广泛。为此,就非热电场灭菌、脉冲电场活化血小板、电化学药物治疗、电转染治疗心肌缺血、脉冲电场消融肿瘤等研究,结合电工和生物新原理、新理论、新技术、新材料,介绍、分析了脉冲电场技术在生物医药应用中的最新进展。主要结论包括:μs脉冲电场对电化学治疗、不可逆电穿孔有重要作用;ns脉冲电场不联合化疗药物而单独使用就可以达到肿瘤消融的目的;脉冲电场消融对外科手术禁区或射频消融不能达到的位置有特殊帮助;改进肿瘤适形电极设计才能进一步提高肿瘤消融效果;目前电脉冲消融肿瘤还需要多中心大规模前瞻性临床试验来验证其长期疗效。提出脉冲电场生物医药领域应用具有广阔的发展前景。     

B90无铬铁酸盐催化剂等温固定床的开发研究

从Ｂ０２催化剂绝热固定床的反应特征的分析出发，提出了开发等温固定床的设想。通过采用惰性填料多段稀释催化剂等方法，使Ｂ９０催化剂上丁烯氧化脱氢制丁二烯强放热反应床层达到等温。在Ｂ９０催化剂总稀释比为２时，采用三段稀释的催化剂的装填方式，丁烯转化率和丁二烯的选择性分别达到９１．４％和９６．５％，比Ｂ９０绝热床分别提高１１．４％和１．３％。如果能实现工业化。可带来很大的经济效益。     

长期灌流维持肾脏功能损伤的内在机理研究

采用低温机械灌流（hypothermic machinery continuous perfusion, MP）研究离体肾脏的功能.灌流维持120 h,本地家猫肾脏功能呈现出阶段性变化,灌流72 h后肾脏功能出现明显的转折.比较灌流后肾近曲小管上皮细胞超微结构和肾皮质ATP酶活性变化,发现灌流72 h离体肾脏功能最显著的变化为近曲小管上皮细胞结构破坏;改变灌流溶液渗透压能够延迟灌流肾脏功能转折,并对近曲小管上皮细胞超微结构损伤有明显的调节作用.     

Experimental study on bacteria disinfection using a pulsed cold plasma jet with helium/ oxygen mixed gas

Cold atmospheric plasma jet is widely used in many fields due to the reactive oxygen species and low temperature for heat-sensitive products. This paper presents the inactivation of bacteria via a pulsed plasma jet with He/O₂ mixed gas. To evaluate the disinfection performance, Staphylococcus aureus was used as an indicator bacteria for experiments. When the plasma jet dealt with agar plates spraying bacteria, it was found that mixed gas has a better performance than pure inert gas, indicated by the disinfection area. The increment of oxygen gas addition was beneficial to the disinfection ability of the plasma jet, while the gas had an opposite effect on the length of jet production. The experiments showed the efficacy of Staphylococcus aureus disinfection could reach up to 99.47% via a helium/oxygen (2%) plasma jet.     

离体灌流肾脏生理功能及其内在结构动态变化研究

通过研究灌流肾脏功能的动态变化过程,了解离体条件下肾脏功能损伤的关键因素.比较离体肾脏灌流保存120 h过程中动静脉和输尿管流量变化,以及肾小囊滤过速度、滤过率和肾脏重吸收功能的动态变化,并对照比较了不同时间段肾脏内部超微结构的变化.在流维持120 h过程中,肾脏功能变化的动态过程具有阶段性变化的特点,可以划分为四个阶段:0～2 h期间的低温适应阶段;2～72 h期间的平稳变化阶段;72 h左右的细胞损伤阶段和72～120 h期间的较严重损伤阶段.肾小管上皮细胞结构变化是影响细胞损伤阶段肾脏功能变化的重要因素.