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以提取樟油后的樟叶废弃物为原料,通过功能化处理制备生物质重金属离子吸附剂,分析了樟叶吸附剂的粒径、改性方法、用量、废水初始浓度和离子强度等因素对其Pb(II)吸附性能的影响。结果表明,樟叶吸附剂的粒径越小,吸附能力越强;经过BTCA功能化后的BTCA-CL樟叶吸附剂对Pb(II)的吸附能力最强;随着初始溶液浓度增加,樟叶吸附剂对Pb(II)吸附量逐渐提升;吸附剂用量的增加和水溶液中存在的盐离子使得其对Pb(II)吸附有所降低,其吸附机理以分子链上活性功能团与重金属离子间络合配位的化学吸附为主。樟叶吸附剂作为廉价的吸附材料,在去除废水重金属离子上具有较大的应用价值。 相似文献
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In gas-liquid mass transfer processes,Marangoni convection may occur due to the surface tension gradient produced by mass transfer near the interface.With a falling soap film tunnel and the Schlieren optical method,the Marangoni convection patterns along the film surface were observed directly in the desorption process of acetone from the falling soap film.The Schlieren images showed the regular roll convection in the thin falling soap film during the acetone desorption.The hydraulic characteristics were determined experimentally by measuring the variation of acetone concentration in the film and the surface tension of the soap liquid.The results show that the acetone concentration gradient vertical to the falling direction is very small because the thickness of the soap film is in the order of 10-6 m.The variation of acetone concentration along the falling film is large,so there is a significant surface tension gradient,resulting in the Marangoni roll convection.The experimental results and a qualitative analysis may be helpful to understand the mechanism of Marangoni convection near the interface in the mass transfer. 相似文献
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砷对人类健康存在潜在威胁,蔬菜是人体砷摄入的主要来源之一。硒是对砷毒性有拮抗作用的微量元素。目前关于硒对砷胁迫萝卜光合特性的影响鲜见报道。本文采用盆栽试验,研究施加不同浓度亚硒酸钠(Se(IV))、硒酸钠(Se(VI))、酵母硒(Se-Y)和麦芽硒(Se-M)对砷胁迫萝卜的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)光合特性的影响。结果表明;低浓度硒(≤6 mg·L-1)可增强砷胁迫下萝卜的抗逆性,提高Pn和Tr,降低Ci,从而增强萝卜的光合作用;高浓度硒(≥24 mg·L-1)会对萝卜产生毒害作用,减弱萝卜的光合作用;有机硒(Se-Y、Se-M)比无机硒(Se(IV)、Se(VI))更能减轻砷对萝卜的毒理学效应;Se-M对萝卜Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr... 相似文献
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以菠萝蜜叶提取液作为保护剂和还原剂制备金银合金纳米颗粒,在333 K和363 K时制备的合金纳米颗粒的金与银的组成比分别约为3:1和1:1。采用紫外-可见分光光度法分别测定金与银纳米颗粒的成核生长动力学,温度对银的成核生长影响更加明显,在363 K时两者成核生长速度相差不到2倍,容易形成比例相当的合金纳米颗粒。对提取液中植物分子反应前后红外分析,得出333 K时有部分银离子没有完全还原而使得合金中相应含量比例较低。而组成约为1:1的合金纳米颗粒在罗丹明的检测中显示出较强的拉曼增强效应。 相似文献
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