纳米TiO_2/Cu_2O复合物的可见光降解活性艳红和分解水制氢的机理

采用溶胶-凝胶法和化学沉积法制备纳米TiO2/Cu2O复合粉体。可见光光催化实验结果表明:TiO2/Cu2O复合粉体具有较高的可见光降解活性和分解水制氢性能。根据TiO2和Cu2O的导带和价带位置以及TiO2、Cu2O和TiO2/Cu2O复合粉体的可见光光催化实验结果,提出TiO2/Cu2O复合粉体的可见光光催化机理:在可见光照射下,Cu2O导带上产生的电子转移到TiO2的导带上,Ti4+捕获这些电子后成为Ti3+,这些被捕获的电子具有很长的寿命,能转移到复合粉体和溶液的界面。在光降解活性艳红的过程中,这些电子与吸附氧结合后可最终形成过氧化物自由基或氢氧自由基,从而氧化有机物;而在分解水制氢过程中,这些电子与H+结合后可形成H2。光照后TiO2/Cu2O复合粉体的XPS表征显示Ti3+的存在,证明机理理论的正确性。     

Portable fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system for the quantitative analysis of minor elements in steel

In this paper, we developed a portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) using an optical fiber to deliver laser energy and used it to quantitatively analyze minor elements in steel.The R~2 factors of calibration curves of elements Mn, Ti, V, and Cr in pig iron were 0.9965,0.9983, 0.9963, and 0.991, respectively, and their root mean square errors of cross-validation were 0.0501, 0.0054, 0.0205, and 0.0245 wt%, respectively. Six test samples were used for the validation of the performance of the calibration curves established by the portable LIBS. The average relative errors of elements Mn, Ti, V, and Cr were 2.5%, 11.7%, 13.0%, and 5.6%,respectively. These results were comparable with most results reported in traditional LIBS in steel or other matrices. However, the portable LIBS is flexible, compact, and robust, providing a promising prospect in industrial application.     

CdS/Cu2O太阳能电池的制备及膜厚对光电性能的影响

采用水浴法和电沉积法制备CdS/Cu2O复合膜,组装成异质结薄膜太阳能电池。通过改变薄膜的厚度,测试了不同厚度的窗口层和吸收层对太阳能电池性能的影响。实验表明,在400 nm厚的CdS薄膜上沉积30次Cu2O薄膜,所获得的复合膜具有最大的填充因子FF(为0.42)和光电转换效率η(0.05%)。并通过实验发现,适当减少CdS窗口层的厚度,可以提高光的透射率,产生更多的光生载流子,提高了光电转换效率。适当增加Cu2O吸收层的厚度,可以提高光的吸收率,产生更多的光生载流子,提高了光电转换效率。