1000MW超超临界机组给水泵芯包优化

介绍了上海漕泾电厂2×1 000MW超超临界汽轮发电机组汽轮机给水泵运行状况,以及故障情况,指出了原设计中的一些不足。针对目前给水泵芯包使用中产生的问题及缺陷,提出了优化的方案,并对改造后运行的安全性进行了阐述。通过给水泵芯包的优化改造保证了机组运行的安全性和可靠性,为其他同类型机组的给水泵芯包优化改造提供了借鉴经验。     

燃煤烟气超低排放全流程协同削减三氧化硫效果分析

烟气三氧化硫（SO₃）是形成雾霾的前驱体之一,研究火电厂烟气污染物控制流程中SO₃的形态、浓度、排放水平以及影响因素很有必要。对容量300~1000MW的燃煤机组超低排放设施进行实测,并对1 000 MW机组开展了全流程测试,同时与常规污染物控制流程进行比较,表明超低排放设施对SO₃具有更好的控制效果,SO₃综合脱除效率可达到90%。对烟气流程各设备脱除SO₃机理与减排效果进行分析,结果表明：（1）SCR脱硝装置具有将SO₂催化氧化成SO₃的作用。（2）空气预热器烟温降低过程间接消耗SO₃,低低温电除尘器、湿法脱硫吸收塔与湿式电除尘器对SO₃有削减作用,各设备对SO₃的削减份额分别占SO₃总量的30%、40%、15%、5%。（3）空气预热器、电除尘器运行温度对SO₃脱除率有较大影响。（4）高效脱硫协同除尘一体化吸收塔具有更好的脱除SO₃效果。     

表面沉积对氧化石墨烯水悬浮液淬火沸腾特性的影响

采用淬火法对质量分数为0.002%的氧化石墨烯水悬浮液的瞬态沸腾特性进行了表征。通过对三种代表性工况的对比分析研究了氧化石墨烯在沸腾表面的沉积对淬火沸腾过程的影响。由于氧化石墨烯在过渡沸腾阶段的沉积,水悬浮液的淬火过程较之去离子水缩短了约10 s,临界热通量则提升了约10%,对应的表面接触角从104°减小到78°。将已沉积表面再次在去离子水中淬火后,表面接触角回升到89°,临界热通量则有所回落。结果表明,氧化石墨烯的表面沉积虽然是强化临界热通量的决定性因素,但淬火过程的速率和过渡沸腾阶段的传热速率还受到氧化石墨烯的动态沉积过程和水悬浮液中悬浮氧化石墨烯的共同影响。     

Glass-ceramics made from arc-melting slag of waste incineration fly ash

Grate fly ash and fluidized bed fly ash mixed with glass cullet additive respectively were melted in the electronic arc-furnace. The product, arc-melting slag, was further treated by crushing, pressing and heat treatment in order to make the glass-ceramics. The crystallization behaviors of the produced glass-ceramics were examined by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that main crystalline phase of the glass-ceramics from grate fly ash is wollastonite (CaSiO₃) with small amount of diopside (Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)₂O₆), and that from fluidized bed fly ash is diopside (Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)₂O₆). It is found that the glass-ceramics sintered at 850 °C and 1 000 °C from grate fly ash and fluidized bed fly ash respectively have the optimal physical, mechanical and chemical characteristics. Glass-ceramics samples, produced from incinerator fly ash with desirable properties and the low leaching concentration of heavy metals, can be the substitute of nature materials such as marble, granite and porcelain tiles.