离散变量优化设计方法及其在轻轨车车体设计中的应用

针对轻轨车车体的特点,在连续变量优化分析的基础上,提出了改进的离散变量优化算法.算法将约束条件中的应力函数按照泰勒级数在连续变量优化解附近展开,近似用设计变量的一次函数替代,然后在一定的误差范围内,剔除不符合要求的多数解,在少量剩余解中用有限元验算求得最优解.按此方法设计的车体已用于实际运行的轻轨车辆.     

离散变量优化设计方法及其在轻轨车车体设计中的应用

针对轻轨车车体的特点,在连续变量优化分析的基础上,提出了改进的离散变量优化算法。算法将约束条件中的应力函数按照泰勒级数在连续变量优化解附近展开,近似用设计变量的一次函数替代,然后在一定的误差范围内,剔除不符合要求的多数解,在少量剩余解中用有限元验算求得最优解。按此方法设计的车体已用于实际运行的轻轨车辆。     

Optimization and static strength test of carbody of light rail vehicle

Preliminary structure of light rail vehicle (LRV) carbody made of steel was designed considering its usage, strength, manufacturing, etc. Based on the finite element analysis, the optimization of design parameters associated with thickness of LRV carbody is carried out to increase the whole strength of the carbody and to reduce its mass. With the aids of the substructure technique and the modified technique with discrete variables in the optimization based on the finite element method, the consumed computing time is reduced dramatically. The optimized LRV carbody is re-analyzed by FEM to obtain its static strength and vibrating mode and is manufactured. The mass of the optimized carbody reduces about 1.3 kg, and the relative reduction ratio is about 10%. Then, the strength test of the real carbody under the static load is executed. It is shown by the numerical and test results that the design requirements of the LRV carbody are satisfying. The newly designed carbody is used in the LRV, which is the first one used commercially developed by China independently. Nowadays, the LRV is running on the transportation circuit in Changchun of China.