Conceptual rotational mode design for optical conical scanning imaging small satellites

This paper focuses upon the novel optical conical scanning imaging working mode design for small satellites. This kind of satellite employs only one inclined optical camera achieving wide-swath imaging via a rotational motion about the nadir axis either by the camera or by the satellite. Three working modes are designed, i.e., high-speed rotational mode, low-speed rotational mode,and variable-speed rotational mode. For the high-speed and low-speed working modes, the camera rotates at a constant speed and the corresponding angular velocity is derived under the consideration of guaranteed coverage and minimized overlap. To improve the system performance, an enhanced working mode taking advantages of both the high-speed rotational mode and lowspeed rotational mode is proposed. Working in this variable-speed rotational mode, the camera rotates slowly to get high-quality pictures when it works, while it rotates rapidly to reduce the energy consumption and save the storage during which period the camera is turned off to minimize the overlap. All these working modes are illustrated in detail, and numerical simulation tests are conducted to validate their effectiveness.     

Effect of primary air flow types on particle distributions in the near swirl burner region

A three-component particle-dynamics anemometry is used to measure, in the near-burner region, the characteristics of gas-particle two phase flows with two swirl burners with different primary air flow types, on a gas-particle two phase test facility. One burner is the radial bias combustion swirl pulverized coal burner whose primary air is non-swirl, and the other is the swirl burner whose primary air is swirl. With the former one, particle volume fluxes, particle volume fractions and particle number concentrations are bigger near the edge of central recirculation zone, and the particle volume fractions and the particle number concentrations are also bigger in the central recirculation zone. With the latter one, the particle volume fluxes and particle number concentrations are less near the edge of the central recirculation zone, and they are bigger in the wall zone. The influence of gas-particle flow characteristics on combustion has been analyzed, and the theory of air-surrounding-coal combustion is given.