放射性同位素衰变能发电机制的研究与探索

报道了国际上有关放射性同位素电池研究的最新动态。首次提出了利用β粒子的电磁辐射实现由核衰变能向电能直接转换的基本设想，并制定了具体的与β伏特效应相结合的技术路线。以期在实验上获得空前的能量转化率，在核衰变能发电机制研究领域取得突破性进展，同时为核废物的再利用探索新途径。研究结果表明对９０Ｓｒ－９０Ｙβ源理论上可达到６２％的能量转换率极限，实验能量转换率可望达到２７％。     

基于细菌觅食机理改进粒子群算法的研究

粒子群算法与细菌觅食算法在优化问题中均体现了较好的性能,但由于各自特定的进化机制,也都存在缺点。粒子群优化（PSO）算法在优化过程中过快陷入局部极值,为了避免这个缺陷,提出了一种新的混合算法。通过PSO算法完成整个空间的全局搜索,通过细菌觅食算法（BFOA）中的趋向性运动算子完成局部搜索的功能,再通过典型函数进行测试,结果表明新算法可以有效弥补细菌觅食算法速度不快和粒子群算法精度不高的缺陷,同时部分地避免了局部收敛的问题,从而适用于解决复杂函数的优化问题。     

Adaptive Decentralized NN Control of Nonlinear Interconnected Time‐Delay Systems with Input Saturation

In this paper, a novel decentralized adaptive neural control scheme is proposed for a class of interconnected large‐scale uncertain nonlinear time‐delay systems with input saturation. Radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs) are used to tackle unknown nonlinear functions. Then, the decentralized adaptive NN tracking controller is constructed by combining Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions and the dynamic surface control (DSC) technique, along with the minimal‐learning‐parameters (MLP) algorithm. The stability analysis subject to the effect of input saturation constraints are conducted with the help of an auxiliary design system based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii method. The proposed controller guarantees uniform ultimate boundedness (UUB) of all of the signals in the closed‐loop large‐scale system, while the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood around the origin. An advantage of the proposed control scheme lies in the number of adaptive parameters of the whole system being reduced to one and in the solution of the three problems of “computational explosion,” “dimension curse,” and “controller singularity”. Finally, simulation results along with comparisons are presented to demonstrate the advantages, effectiveness, and performance of the proposed scheme.     

基于S3C4510的多网口相同IP 地址以太网数据传输系统设计

本文介绍了在一台主机多个网口要求有相同IP地址的特殊情况下,应用ARM7TDM内核处理器S3CA510B构建数据传输系统的方法,并简单介绍了嵌入式操作系统的搭建以及应用软件的设计.     

基于支持向量机集成算法的煤矿顶板状态检测

针对小样本、多类煤矿顶板的状态检测问题,提出了基于支持向量机集成的算法。采用深度优先搜索对支持向量机集成参数进行优化,并结合煤矿顶板敲击声信号的人耳听觉功率谱特征,对煤矿顶板中浮石、剥层等现象进行分类识别。实验表明,该算法能够对多类顶板状态进行有效分类,且识别率较高,能够作为安全开采的保障手段。     

基于智能对象的知识处理方法在专家系统中的应用研究

在分析传统的基于被动对象的知识系统基础上,提出了一种基于智能对象的知识处理方法,并对基于智能对象的知识表示、存储及推理方法进行了较深入的研究。最后通过实例说明了该方法的有效性。     

Effects of color on expectations of drug effects: A cross‐gender cross‐cultural study

To study the role of color in expectations of drug effects, 80 Chinese participants (40 females and 40 males) were asked to classify each of seven single colored capsules and six differently colored two‐piece capsules into one of four classifications of drug effects. The results from the Chinese sample were also compared with that from four other cultural groups studied elsewhere. The Chi‐square test results showed that all seven single colored capsules yielded non‐chance distributions in classifications of drug effects, with six showing specific effects; and that five two‐colored capsules had non‐chance distributions, with four significantly associated with specific effects. Notable gender differences were observed in the expectations of drug effects. While the cross‐group comparison revealed consistent red‐stimulant and blue‐depressant associations across the five cultural groups, disagreements existed for other colors among the groups. The findings emphasized the importance of color in drug design and administration in support of drug differentiation, medication adherence, and drug efficacy, and suggest gender and cultural implications on the basis of color to achieve better drug effects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 42, 124–130, 2017     

硼硅酸盐玻璃浸出前后结构变化的研究

硼硅酸盐玻璃作为最具工业化应用前景的高放射性废物的固化基材,其中的放射性核素主要以浸出方式进入生物圈。本工作采用了MCC-1静态浸泡法对在90 ℃去离子水中浸泡28 d后的硼硅酸盐玻璃的浸出行为进行了研究。借助电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)以及掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)等方法对玻璃的浸出性能及微观结构进行研究。此外,还使用了扫描电镜观测了浸出样品的截面。FTIR、Raman及GIXRD结果表明,浸出后,样品表层中的Si-O-Si结构明显增多,而硼结构单元则消失,表层的微观结构与熔融石英的结构较为相似。此外,在扫描电镜中观察到浸出7 d后的样品表面出现腐蚀层,同时在玻璃基底和腐蚀层中间出现裂隙,由此导致了浸出表面积的增加,从而最终引起浸出7 d时元素归一化标准浸出率的异常增大。     

钢制石油储罐热反射隔热涂料应用探讨

热反射隔热涂料这一新型功能性涂料已在易挥发油品储罐及管道外表面成功地广泛使用，取得了降温减压、安全增效、节能节水的良好效果。介绍了此涂料的分类和主要技术指标：“隔热温差”不小于10℃；“隔热温差衰减（白色）”不大于12℃。“耐人工气候老化性”指标中“粉化／级”不大于1；“变色”（白色和浅色）／级不大于2；“太阳反射比（白色）”不小于0．81；“半球发射率”不小于0．83。涂料指标达到“太阳热反射比”不小于0．90（全波区）；“半球发射率”不小于0．85“太阳热反射比”不小于0．90（全波区）；“半球发射率”不小于0．85；罐体表面平均降温10～20℃；罐体介质温度降低约5～10℃。