EFFECT OF COMPOSITION ON HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT IN Ni-Fe FCC ALLOYS

The ductility loss and threshold stress intensity,K_(IH)during hydrogen charging were measuredfor pure Ni and four Ni-Fe fcc alloys.The results show that ductility loss in 40Ni60Fe alloyand K_(IH)a 50Ni50Fe alloy have a minimum value.The variations of the amounts of hydride,hydrogen evolution and dislocation structure with composition have been investigated.The va-riation of hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility with composition measured by ductility lossand by K_(IH)or K_(IH)/K_C can be explained by means of the synthetical effects of amount ofhydride,solutionized hydrogen and the extent of dislocation planarity on hydrogenembrittlement susceptibility.     

Interaction between ammonium sulfate-iron oxide shown by ESR and Mössbauer spectroscopy

The ammonium sulfate-iron oxide system treated at different temperatures has been characterized by ESR, IR and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Results show that during the heat treatment some interaction between ammonium sulfate and iron oxide takes place. As a result of this interaction a surface sulfato complex of iron is formed. The complex is involved in the sites responsible for activity for acid catalytic esterification. Above 573 K, the sulfato complex will gradually decompose with a further increase in temperature. A new structure scheme of the sulfato complex is proposed.     

TiNi形状记忆合金的马氏体观察及微观力学性能分析

利用金相显微镜和纳米压痕仪观察TiNi形状记忆合金的应力诱发马氏体和氢致马氏体形貌,并分析TiNi合金不同组织的微观力学性能.其中应力诱发马氏体呈板条状突起,而氢致马氏体和氢化物呈不规则突起.同时发现TiNi合金充氢组织的微观硬度和弹性模量最高,而马氏体组织的硬度高于奥氏体相,其弹性模量低于奥氏体相.     

电力市场条件下的电网接入模式

中国的电力工业市场化改革给电网带来了全新的挑战。电网经营企业如何解决“厂网分开”政策实施后出现的发电厂与电网之间协调发展的问题,关系到我国电力系统能否健康有序地发展和电力市场改革能否继续深入进行。通过分析厂网分开后电力工业出现的一些新的不确定因素,提出了电网规划应对电源建设起指导作用的电力规划新模式。研究表明:通过赋有规划指导功能的接入费用这一经济手段能极大地释放电网经营企业遇到的规划、协调、发展方面的压力,从而降低电力规划的风险;利用接入规则可以明确入网各方的职责,规范接入流程,并从侧面体现了电源建设由行政审批制度向市场准入体制的过渡。所提出的新模式为解决发电厂与电网之间的协调发展提供了新思路。     

基于DSM的分时电价的确定与分析

分时电价是目前需求侧管理的一种有效的手段,其通过发挥价格杠杆作用,促使用户自觉改变用电方式,从而有效缓解峰期用电紧张的局面,实现移峰填谷的目的。该文在现有理论研究的基础上,提出了以峰时段的平均市场清算价格为基础确定峰电价,以平时段的平均市场清算价格为基础确定平电价,并以此为基础推算出谷时段电价的新型分时电价模型,将销售侧电价与上网侧电价联系了起来,从一种有效的途径将分时电价市场化,并通过对该模型的目标函数进行优化,得到了最佳的峰谷时段划分以及各个时段相应的电价。基于此开发的分时电价分析软件的成功运用,证明     

纳米压痕位移突变机理研究

用铁和ZnO单晶研究纳米压入时的位移突变和蠕变突变.结果表明,电解抛光的纯铁压入时会出现位移突变,突变前后的载荷一位移曲线明显不同,它对应表面膜破裂.而对于ZnO单晶来说,突变前后载荷一位移曲线变化不大,该突变意味着位错的爆发式发射.随加载速率降低,发生位移突变的临界载荷PC也下降.当P＞PC恒载荷蠕变时,位移缓慢升高直至饱和,但无突变;如P＜PC,恒载荷下保持一定时间就会发生蠕变突变,随后位移缓慢升高至饱和;如P＜P++(门槛载荷),则不发生蠕变和蠕变突变.     

耐火材料在鲁南化肥厂德士古气化装置中的使用

本文着重介绍了工业生产中依靠科技优势,优化装置运行,通过技术创新及国产化开发,延长德士古气化装置中耐火材料的使用寿命的经验,对德士古技术的推广应用有一定参考价值     

线路阻塞引起的电网机会成本分析

对于电网输电阻塞的分析,现有的研究多侧重于阻塞费用的分摊,而该文则注重于对因阻塞而引起的电网机会成本分析。在阻塞管理中,通过合理的经济调度可以消除阻塞,但对于那些经常发生阻塞且情况严重的线路,也可以考虑通过改造或扩建线路来消除阻塞。该文提出了将全网的机会成本分摊给各条阻塞线路,再通过对该阻塞线路所摊得的机会成本和为消除该线路阻塞而需要的扩建费用进行比较的方法,为电网的经济决策提供理论依据。     

供配电MIS/GIS软件及相关问题研究

基于地理信息系统（GIS）的管理信息系统（MIS）是当前应用软件开发的一大热点。介绍了供配电系统MSI／GIS软件进行模式和网络框架，并研究了其信息安全及进一步构建供配电管理系统数据仓库的必要性。     

Removal of perfluorinated compounds by membrane bioreactor with powdered activated carbon (PAC): Adsorption onto sludge and PAC

The comparative study was conducted to investigate the performance and removal efficiencies of PFOS and PFOA in MBR and PAC-MBR. Solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by HPLC coupled with tandem MS (HPLC/MS/MS) was applied to quantitatively identify PFOS and PFOA in aqueous and sludge samples. Removal efficiencies of these two compounds were less than 7% in MBR, which suggest that MBR could not effectively remove PFCs due to their persistent in the activated sludge process. In contrast, removal efficiencies of 77.4% for PFOS and 67.7% for PFOA were observed in PAC-MBR with PAC dosage of 30 mg/L, indicating that adsorption of PFCs onto PAC plays an important role in their removal. Moreover, with the increase of PAC dosage from 30 mg/L to 100 mg/L in PAC-MBR, removal efficiency for PFOS or PFOA both increased to more than 90%. Mass balance of PFOS and PFOA was established to explore their removal mechanisms in MBR and PAC-MBR. Results show that PAC-MBR can effectively remove these two compounds in the wastewater by PAC adsorption, which was identified as the major removal mechanism. In MBR, adsorption onto activated sludge was the only mechanism for removal of PFCs.