Ultralow frequency wave characteristics extracted from particle data: Application of IGSO observations

Interaction between ultralow frequency (ULF) waves and charged particles plays an important role in the acceleration of particles in the Van Allen radiation belts. The strong wave-particle interaction predicts an energy-dependent observational signature of particle flux variations during different stages of the ULF wave evolution. In this paper, we find that the energetic particle data newly available from an IGSO spacecraft are quite consistent with theoretical predictions, which enables the application of a best-fit procedure to quantitatively extract key parameters of the ULF waves from the particle data. The general agreement between observations and the best-fit results validates the scenario of wave-particle drift resonance within the entire ULF life span, and provides a new technique to understand the ULF wave characteristics in the absence of electromagnetic field data. We also examine the minor differences between observations and the best-fit results, and propose that the differences may result from a longitudinal dependence of the ULF wave power to be considered in a future study.     

Fuzzy energy management strategy for parallel HEV based on pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm

Improvements in fuel consumption and emissions of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) heavily depend upon an efficient energy management strategy (EMS). This paper presents an optimizing fuzzy control strategy of parallel hybrid electric vehicle employing a quantum chaotic pigeon-inspired optimization (QCPIO) algorithm. In this approach, the torque of the engine and the motor is assigned by a fuzzy torque distribution controller which is based on the battery state of charge (SoC) and the required torque of the hybrid powertrain. The rules and membership functions of the fuzzy torque distribution controller are optimized simultaneously through the use of QCPIO algorithm. The simulation ground on ADVISOR demonstrates that this EMS improves fuel economy more effectually than original fuzzy and PSO_Fuzzy EMS.     

Peer-to-Peer网络的二维DHT资源定位策略

本文首先分析了JXTA的资源定位方式,在此基础上提出了一种基于三层P2P架构的二维DHT资源定位方式,并详细建议了在该方式下对DHT迁移的抑制方法。     

基于Atmega 16单片机的模糊自整定PID调节器

本文介绍了一种基于Atmega16单片机的模糊自整定PID调节器.该调节器采用模糊自整定方法整定PID参数,它能发挥模糊控制鲁棒性强、动态响应好、上升时间快、超调小的特点,又具有PID控制器的动态跟踪品质和稳态精度.同时,调节器具有显示温度、声光报警等功能.文章给出了参数自调整的原则、模糊控制算法,阐述了单片机参数自调整模糊控制器的工作原理,以及其硬件组成和软件功能,并提供了查表部分C51源程序.     

Security region based real and reactive power pricing of power system

This paper develops a novel model and an algorithm of security region based real and reactive power pricing of power systems. In the proposed model, the reactive power production cost is represented as the opportunity cost. The static voltage stability region in the cut set power space (CVSR) and the practical dynamic security region (PDSR) in the injection power space are used to represent the constraints of voltage stability and transient stability, so that the consideration of this kind of constraints in the optimization becomes very easy. In the proposed algorithm, a decoupled optimization and iteration method of active power production cost and reactive power production cost is suggested. According to the K-T optimality conditions, the prices of active power and reactive power, and the different components corresponding to the concerned security constraints are derived. The components of spot prices can reflect the influence of different node power injections on each kind of security constraints, so that through the node price all of the participants in power market can be stimulated to take an active part in maintaining the system security. An illustrative example on the New England 10-genetator 39-bus System is used to demonstrate the proposed method. Supported by the key research project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50595413)     

Challenges and R&D opportunities of smart distribution grids in China

In this paper, 5 investigations on the current states of power distribution grids in China have been introduced that cover the surveys of the practical distribution asset utilization, the simultaneity factor of feeder loading, the load compositions and characteristics, the urban reliability and the integration of distributed generations of renewable resources. Based on the survey results in the investigations, 12 Facts are clearly presented. It shows that the challenges to modernize the distribution grids in China are to improve the asset utilization rates, the electricity efficiencies and the reliability of distribution systems, as well as to integrate increasing amount of variable distributed renewable resources. Furthermore based on the challenges, 8 R&D opportunities have been identified.     

国外快速公交系统发展概况

自1974年巴西库里蒂巴市建成第一条快速公交线以来，在世界范围内，各种类型的快速公交系统得到广泛的应用。在欧洲、北美以及澳大利亚等发达国家，虽然小汽车私人拥有率非常高，并且已有较完善的轨道交通系统，但是快速公交系统根据各个城市的交通需求，城市土地规划以及城市的财政状况，仍有成功的推广。我国快速公交缺乏实践，尚处于初级阶段，很好地研究和借鉴国外城市快速公交发展的经验，特别是当时的城市概况，决策背景等，对我国快速，公交健康发展有重要的意义。     

Velocity forecasts using a combined deep learning model in hybrid electric vehicles with V2V and V2I communication

Vehicle velocity forecast is an important clue in improving the performance of energy management in hybrid electric vehicles(HEV). This paper presents a new combined model for predicting vehicle's velocity time series. The main features of the model are to combine the feature extraction capability of deep restricted Boltzmann machines(DBM) and sequence pattern predicting capability of bidirectional long short-term memory(BLSTM). Hence, the model is named as DBMBLSTM. In addition, the DRMBLSTM model utilizes the vehicle driving information and roadside infrastructure information provided respectively through vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I) communication channels to predict vehicle velocity at various length of prediction horizon. Furthermore, the predictions results of this study are compared with the state of the art of vehicle velocity forecasts. The root mean square error(RMSE) is used as an evaluation criteria of predictions accuracy. Finally,these compared prediction model are applied in model predictive control(MPC) energy management strategy for the verifications of fuel economy improvement of a HEV. Simulation results confirm that the proposed combined deep learning model performs better than other five prediction methods. Therefore, it is a means of arriving at a reliable forecast model for HEV.     

我国城市快速公交发展策略研究

交通、环境与能源的巨大压力，使优先发展公共交通从理念逐步转变为政府的公共政策乃至具体行动。传统公交存在结构性缺陷，导致公交服务水平长期徘徊不前，已经成为持续提高公交分担率的瓶颈。积极稳妥地推进城市快速公交建设是全面提升公交服务品质，满足现代居民出行多元化、高质化需求、构建城市居民合理出行方式结构，应对城市交通、环境和能源危机，实现城市可持续发展的重要手段。系统地进行城市快速公交适应性研究，提出快速，公交规划建设指导标准，建设复合型的城市快速公交系统是我国城市快速公交发展的正确策略。     

聚合物电光波导调制器中微带电极的几何参数对重叠积分的影响

本文对有机聚合物导调制器的重叠积分进行了详细计算，着重讨论了器件的几何参数对重叠积分的影响。