To study bone loss relationships to aging and menopause, cross-sectional bone mass measurements by digital image processing (DIP method), and menopause information collected by questionnaire, were analyzed on 291 women who live in Tsukude village. The results are as follows. 1) The mean DIP values (sigma GS/D, MCI) by age-stratified groups decrease with age after menopause. The rate of bone loss in sigma GS/D is almost constant, but in MCI it increases with aging. 2) In 30-year old and 40-year old age groups, the frequency distribution of DIP values is symmetrical and bell-shaped. But after the fifties the distribution is asymmetrical, with the mode of distribution deviated toward low bone mass. The change of mode with aging is larger than that of mean. This fact suggests that change of mean bone mass substantially underestimates actual bone loss from aging. 3) The change of the mean DIP values stratified by years elapsed since menopause is not especially large at start of menopause but becomes almost constant after menopause. DIP values reflect the bone loss from the aging rather than from menopause, and are beneficial to the study of bone loss in elderly women. 相似文献
The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities, X(3), of TeO2-based glasses containing transition metal oxides (M = Sc2O3, TiO2, V2O5, Nb2O5, MoO3, Ta2O5, and WO3) glasses have been measured by the third harmonic generation (THG) method in order to investigate the effect of the empty d-orbital contributions to the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities. It is found that the addition of TiO2, Nb2O5, and WO3 to TeO2 glass increases the X(3) value as well as the refractive index, while others decrease both of them. The positive effect of the TiO2, Nb2O5, or WO3, on the X(3) of TeO2 glass was interpreted in terms of the cationic empty d-orbital contribution. There is an almost linear relation between the X(3) and the term (n2ω+ 2)3.(n2ω -1).Ed/E20 containing three measurable parameters only, irrespective of the kinds of MO, which was derived based on the bond orbital theory developed by M. E. Lines. The largest X(3) value obtained is 1.69 × 10−12 esu for 30NbO2.5.70TeO2 glass, about 60 times larger than that of pure fused silica glass. 相似文献
Multiple oxide BaTiO3 gel fibres were prepared by the sol-gel method from Ba(OC2H5)2-Ti(O-isoC3H7)4-H2O-C2H5OH-CH3COOH and Ba(CH3COO)2-Ti(O-isoC3H7)4-H2O-CH3COOH solutions. Relatively long gel fibres of 10cm length were obtained from both solutions in the limited composition region. The latter solution in particular showed a spinnability even when it contained no water. Therefore, the occurrence of spinnability of the solution was considered to be due to the formation of linear polymers composed of bridging acetate groups such as TiO-C(CH3)-O-Ti rather than metalloxane bonding as Ti-O-Ti. Addition of water to the solutions seems to break the bridging acetate bonds and replace some of them by bridging oxygen bonds. The as-drawn gel fibres which were X-ray amorphous crystallized into BaTiO3 ceramic fibres of 5mm average length upon heating above 600 ° C. However, the gel fibres drawn from the sols without water became powdery on heating because of the lack of Ti-O-Ti metalloxane bonds. The crystallization behaviour of the BaTiO3 gel fibres is discussed based on the infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis. 相似文献
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a cornerstone drug used in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the development of resistance to 5-FU and its analogs remain an unsolved problem in CRC treatment. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms and tumor biological aspects of 5-FU resistance in CRC HCT116 cells. We established an acquired 5-FU-resistant cell line, HCT116RF10. HCT116RF10 cells were cross-resistant to the 5-FU analog, fluorodeoxyuridine. In contrast, HCT116RF10 cells were collaterally sensitive to SN-38 and CDDP compared with the parental HCT16 cells. Whole-exome sequencing revealed that a cluster of genes associated with the 5-FU metabolic pathway were not significantly mutated in HCT116 or HCT116RF10 cells. Interestingly, HCT116RF10 cells were regulated by the function of thymidylate synthase (TS), a 5-FU active metabolite 5-fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) inhibiting enzyme. Half of the TS was in an active form, whereas the other half was in an inactive form. This finding indicates that 5-FU-resistant cells exhibited increased TS expression, and the TS enzyme is used to trap FdUMP, resulting in resistance to 5-FU and its analogs. 相似文献
The dietary effect of 1,3-biseicosapentaenoyl-2-γ-linolenoyl glycerol (STG) on the fatty acid composition of guinea pigs was
examined and compared with that of an eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-F) and of a soybean oil (SBO) diet. In terms
of content of plasma lipid, EPA-E had a greater hypolipidemic effect than STG. On the other hand, in terms of EPA incorporation,
contents of EPA in liver lipid were almost the same in the STG and EPA-E groups. Considering that the amount of EPA administered
in the EPA-E group was almost 1.5 times that of the STG group, FPA may be absorbed more effectively as the glycerol ester
than as the ethyl ester in guinea pigs. In all the tissue lipids, the STG group had a higher unsaturation index (UI) than
the EPA-E group even though there is a lower UI in the STG diet than the EPA-E diet. These results suggest that greater amounts
of desaturase products as a whole were synthesized in the STG group than in the other two groups. The dihomo-γ-linolenic acid/arachidonic
acid (DGLA/AA) ratio in plasma total lipids in the STG group was 3.5 times that of SBO group, and the DGLA/AA ratio in the
EPA-E group was half that of the SBO group. In liver lipid, the ratios of DGLA/AA and EPA/AA in the STG group were 0.687 and
0.488 (phosphatidylcholine fraction) and 0.237 and 0.752 (phosphatidylethanolamine fraction), respectively. The ratio of DGLA/AA
as well as the high EPA/AA ratio obtained in the present study with the STG diet may lead to physiological alterations, including
enhanced synthesis of 1-and 3-series eicosanoids. 相似文献
Reaction of N,N-di(β-hydroxyethyl)dithiocarbamate ion with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was undertaken, and the reaction with metal ions of the polymer obtained was investigated. The effect of γ-irradiation on the reaction with metal ion was also studied. The modified PVC (PHDC) obtained from the reaction with N,N-di(β-hydroxyethyl)dithiocarbamate ion is pale yellow even after reaction at 100°C for 5 hr in dimethylformamide (DMF); it is soluble in dipolar solvents and its chlorine content is decreased considerably. This polymer reacted well with acetate salts of copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II), and silver(I) heterogeneously in aqueous solution because of the introduction of hydrophilic groups (two hydroxy groups). The reactivity of the metal ions toward the polymer was of the order Ag(I) ? Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Zn(II). From the result of the reaction of γ-irradiated polymer with cupric ion, the polymer was judged to have fairly good antiradiation property. 相似文献
Cu+⇌ R+ (R = Li, Na, and K) ion exchange experiments were conducted for 20R2O·10Al2O3·70SiO2 glasses in molten CuCl at 550°C in air and nitrogen atmospheres. The depth profiles of the copper incorporated into glasses were determined with an electron microprobe X-ray analyzer. The total amount of diffusing copper, M t, strongly depended on the type of alkali ion in the glass and the ion-exchange atmosphere; i.e., M t increased with increasing cationic size in the order Li < Na < K and M t was greater in air than in nitrogen. The Cu ⇌ R+ ion exchange kinetics are discussed in detail. 相似文献
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that may affect the autonomic nervous system (ANS) from 15 to 20 min before seizure onset, and disturbances of ANS affect R–R intervals (RRI) on an electrocardiogram (ECG). This study aims to develop a machine learning algorithm for predicting focal epileptic seizures by monitoring R–R interval (RRI) data in real time. The developed algorithm adopts a self-attentive autoencoder (SA-AE), which is a neural network for time-series data.
The results of applying the developed seizure prediction algorithm to clinical data demonstrated that it functioned well in most patients; however, false positives (FPs) occurred in specific participants. In a future work, we will investigate the causes of FPs and optimize the developing seizure prediction algorithm to further improve performance using newly added clinical data.
The effects of the lithium substitution for copper on the properties of the superconducting YBa2Cu4O8 were studied. Single-phase YBa2Cu4–xLixO8 was successfully prepared by the sol-gel method under ambient pressure over a composition range of 0x 0.08, while impurity phases appeared at x=0.10 and 0.20. The lattice constants of YBa2Cu4–xLixO8 were almost invariant with increasing lithium content x. The superconducting transition temperature decreased monotonically with increasing x in the range, 0x0.08. The suppression of superconductivity was discussed in terms of the impurity effect in the CuO2 planes. 相似文献