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İ. H. Karahan 《金属精饰学会汇刊》2019,97(1):48-52
The present work reports on electropolymerisation of aniline onto AISI 4140 steel substrate at room temperature in oxalic acid media by the potentiodynamic electrodeposition method. The effect of coating current density on the morphology of conductive polymer films and their corrosion behaviour has been investigated. The electrolyte solution comprised 0.1 M aniline?+?0.3 M oxalic acid. The effects of deposition current density changes (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5?mA cm?2) on the films were investigated. The PANI film was characterised using cyclic voltammetry and optical microscopy; it was covered with a dark green-yellow homopolymer film of strongly adherent homogeneous characteristic. The corrosion behaviour of steel electrodes with and without polyaniline (PANI) film in 3.5 wt-% NaCl solution was investigated through anodic polarisation curves. The results indicated that the PANI coating obtained under 0.2?mA cm?2 was the most corrosion protective. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to manufacture urea‐formaldehyde‐based particleboard from hazelnut shell and eliminate its disadvantages such as flammability, water absorption, swelling thickness by using fly ash and phenol‐formaldehyde. Synthesized urea‐formaldehyde and grained hazelnut shells were blended at different ratios ranging from 0.8 to 3.2 hazelnut shell/urea‐formaldehyde and dried at 70°C in an oven until constant weight was reached. In addition, other parameters affecting polymer composite particleboard from hazelnut shell and urea‐formaldehyde were investigated to be the amount of fly ash, amount of phenol formaldehyde and the effects of these parameters on bending stress, limit oxygen index, water absorption capacity and swelling in the thickness. The optimization results showed that the maximum bending strength was 4.1N/mm2, at urea‐formaldehyde ratio of 1.0, reaction temperature of 70°C, reaction time of 25 min, hazelnut shell/urea‐formaldehyde resin of 2.4 and mean particle size of 0.1 mm. Although the limited oxygen index and smoke density of composite particleboard without fly ash has 22.3 and 1.62, with fly ash of 16% (w/w) according to the filler has 38.2 and 1.47, respectively. Water absorption and increase in the swelling thickness exponentially decreased with increasing phenol formaldehyde. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Mohammed Saleh Zeynep Bilici Merve Kaya Mutlu Yalvac Hudaverdi Arslan H. Cengiz Yatmaz Nadir Dizge 《Advanced Powder Technology》2021,32(4):1264-1275
The use of naturally present heterogeneous catalysts has recently been an essential issue in the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. In this study, the uses of basalt as a catalyst for the Fenton and photo-Fenton reactions for methylene Blue (MB) and Basic Red 18 (BR18) degradations were investigated. Basalt was selected because of the presence of the iron (III) oxide in the structure. Basalt was characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis to obtain the chemical composition and the crystalline phase. The surface charge and the surface area were obtained by zeta potential and Brunauer Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were utilized to explore the functional group and the surface morphology. Fenton and photo-Fenton processes were applied to explore the best degradation method. Adsorption was also tested and the adsorption process had minimum removal efficiency (12% for MB and 17% for BR18). The removal efficiencies for MB and BR18 by the Fenton process were 87% and 28%, respectively. The photo-Fenton process had maximum removal efficiency with 100% for MB and 70% for BR18. The optimum conditions were 70 mg/L dye concentration, 5 mM H2O2, 1.0 g/L basalt loading and pH 2. Basalt has shown reuse capability as a catalyst for three consecutive cycles. 相似文献
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A new conjugated aromatic oligo(azomethine) derivative was synthesized by oxidative polycondensation of 1,4-bis[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]phenylenediamine (HPMPDA) by air, H2O2 and NaOCl oxidants in an aqueous alkaline medium. The structures of 1,4-bis[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]phenylenediamine and oligo-1,4-bis[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]phenylenediamine (OHPMPDA) were confirmed by FT-IR, UV–vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The characterization was made by TGA–DTA, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), magnetic moment and solubility tests. The 1H NMR and 13C NMR data showed that the polymerization was proceeded by C–C coupling according to ortho and para positions of –OH group of 1,4-bis[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]phenylenediamine. Metal complex compounds of OHPMPDA were synthesized with metal salts of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn, Cr, Pb and Hg. Elemental analyses of oligomer–metal complexes suggested that the ratio of metal to oligomer is 1:1. Thermal stabilities of the oligomer–metal complexes were determined by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). According to TG analyses, oligomer–metal complexes were fairly stable against temperature and thermal decomposition. Also, electrical conductivities of OHPMPDA and oligomer–metal complexes were measured by four-point technique. The results of this study showed that aromatic oligoazomethine and its metal complexes were an interesting class of conjugated compounds of which electronic structure and the other properties can be regulated over a wide range by using different oxidation reagents. 相似文献
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İ. Afşin Kariper 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2014,45(10):4398-4404
This study focuses on the critical surface tension of lead sulfite (PbSO3) crystalline thin film produced with chemical bath deposition on substrates (commercial glass).The PbSO3 thin films were deposited at room temperature at different deposition times. The structural properties of the films were defined and examined according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the XRD results such as dislocation density, average grain size, and no. of crystallites per unit area. Atomic force microscopy was used to measure the film thickness and the surface properties. The critical surface tension of the PbSO3 thin films was measured with an optical tensiometer instrument and calculated using the Zisman method. The results indicated that the critical surface tension of films changed in accordance with the average grain size and film thickness. The film thickness increased with deposition time and was inversely correlated with surface tension. The average grain size increased according to deposition time and was inversely correlated with surface tension. 相似文献
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Friction stir spot welding parameters affect the weld strength of thermoplastics, such as high density polyethylene (HDPE) sheets. The strength of a friction stir spot weld is usually determined by a lap-shear test. For maximizing the weld strength, the selection of welding parameters is very important. This paper presents an application of Taguchi method to friction stir spot welding strength of HDPE sheets. An orthogonal array, the signal to noise ratio (S/N), and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) are employed to investigate friction stir welding parameter effects on the weld strength. From the ANOVA and the S/N ratio response graphs, the significant parameters and the optimal combination level of welding parameters were obtained. Experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of the method. 相似文献