废旧锂离子电池正极活性材料的焙烧及其浸出

采用湿式破碎分选、钴酸锂与碳粉混合物预焙烧、钴酸锂预焙烧产物与硫酸钠和浓硫酸混合体系焙烧、热水浸出焙烧产物中的钴,研究了钴酸锂的焙烧及浸出过程。实验结果显示:锂离子电池经湿式破碎分选后铜箔的回收率大于97%,钴酸锂粉末回收率大于98%;钴酸锂与碳粉混合物经700℃预焙烧2 h后再与硫酸钠和浓硫酸在200℃下焙烧4 h,焙烧产物用70℃热水浸出30 min,钴的浸出率可达97%;XRD分析焙烧产物发现生成了Na2Co(SO4)2和Na6Co(SO4)4。     

Quantitative similarity assessment of non-linear chemical fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine by similarity system theory

The similarities of the non-linear chemical (NLC) fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizaes from four producing areas and eight other traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were calculated, using a systemic similarity calculation method proposed and three other main calculation ones (Euclidean distance, correlation coefficient and included angle cosine). All of the correlation coefficient similarities of different TCMs are higher than 0.952, and the included angle cosines are all higher than 0.962. So, both the correlation coefficient and included angle cosine similarities are unable to be used as the criteria for quantitatively evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs. Although all of the Euclidean distance similarities of Berry Liquorices from four producing areas are less than 73, those of the other eight TCMs are all more than 180. The Euclidean distance cannot reflect the relative magnitudes of the feature differences in the NLC fingerprints very correctly. The systemic similarity method is the best among the four ones. All of the systemic similarities of Berry Liquorices from the four producing areas are higher than 0.962, while those of the other eight TCMs are all lower than 0.805, and the systemic similarity can reflect the differences between samples most faithfully, and can be used as a quantitative one evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs, by which TCM could be distinguished and evaluated quickly, simply and exactly.     

非线性化学指纹图谱鉴别和区分牛奶及其制品

非线性化学指纹图谱技术是基于化学振荡反应,从非线性化学角度来对试样进行分析的一种新的技术。牛奶及其制品是一种营养价值比较全面的食品,今天已成为人们日常生活不可缺少的一部分。本文考察利用非线性化学指纹图谱来对15种牛奶及其制品进行快速、准确的鉴别和区分的可行性。实验结果表明:牛奶及其制品的非线性指纹图谱具有较强的直观特征性,能很好的鉴别和区分,利用聚类分析(CA)和主成分分析(PCA)的方法得到15个样品的非线性化学指纹图谱的特征数据能够很好的反映它们的指纹图谱的特征。     

利用超声改良土壤阳离子交换量的测定方法

土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)在土壤环境质量监测中有重要意义,本文研究利用超声波改良土壤阳离子交换量和交换性盐基的测定方法,讨论超声时间对土壤阳离子交换量和交换性盐基的测定的影响,分析产生差异性的原因.实验结果表明,利用超声代替玻璃棒搅拌的方式可以减少乙酸铵和乙醇在实验过程中洗土的次数,减少实验操作的时间和试剂消耗的量.     

利用非线性化学指纹图谱技术鉴别评价茶饮料

通过向稳态体系“溴酸钠-硫酸锰-硫酸-丙酮”中加入不同的茶饮料,获得来自不同产家、不同品种的茶饮料的非线性化学指纹图谱,并对其进行相似度计算。非线性化学指纹图谱的直观信息、定量信息、相似度计算结果都能很好的将冰红茶从其他茶饮料中鉴别出来,且振荡寿命与检测用量有很好的函数关系。通过比较不同掺水量的茶饮料的非线性化学指纹图谱的参数信息,对茶饮料的质量进行评价。非线性化学指纹图谱技术可为茶饮料的鉴别和评价提供一种新的方法。     

不同生长时期松茸中重金属及微量元素含量的测定

以三个不同生长时期的松茸(幼茸、成茸、老茸)为原料,硝酸和高氯酸(4+1)消解原料后,采用原子荧光光谱法测定样品中Hg、As的含量,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定样品中Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn四种典型微量元素的含量。本实验标准偏差(RSD)小于6. 51%,回收率在97. 88%～108. 0%之间。研究结果表明:该地区的松茸中Hg、As、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn元素在不同生长阶段均有一定差异。研究结果可为松茸的食用价值和医用价值提供进一步的数据参考。