高强度、亲水性聚醚砜中空纤维超滤膜的制备技术

膜生物反应器(MBR)是目前水处理领域中的热点之一,但是中空纤维膜的强度低、亲水性差的缺点限制了它的广泛应用。首先设计并制造了集束型喷丝头,然后以聚醚砜为膜材料,利用干/湿法纺制了截留分子量分别为10KD和20KD,水通量为15～100 L/(m2.h.0.1MPa),爆破压力为0.5～1.0MPa,拉伸强度可达10MPa以上的高强度聚醚砜中空纤维膜;再利用有机/无机共混改性,通过引入金属离子和可溶性聚合物的络合反应形成的络合物,制得了截留分子量分别为6KD、10KD、20KD、50KD、100KD、水通量达到25～400 L/(m2.h.0.1MPa)的一系列强度高、亲水性好的聚醚砜中空纤维超滤膜。     

马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯乳液的成膜特征研究

在空气和N2气氛下对马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)乳液进行了差热-热重分析,以考察其耐热稳定性;同时测试了不同固含量的乳液涂膜在不同温度下的成膜所需时间,及其对水的接触角、硬度以及涂层的附着力.结果表明,PP-g-MAH乳液在200℃以内具有很好的耐热稳定性;乳胶膜的接触角和硬度均随着成膜温度的升高而呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且在成膜温度为165℃时具有最佳的综合性能.     

聚酰胺荷电镶嵌膜的制备及表征(英文)

A novel composite charged mosaic membrane(CCMM) was prepared via interfacial polymerization(IP) of polyamine[poly(epichlorohydrin amine) ]and trimesoyl chloride(TMC) on the polyethersulfone(PES) support. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) ,environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM) ,atomic force microscopy(AFM) and water contact angle analysis were applied to characterize the resulted CCMM.The FT-IR spectrum indicates that TMC reacts sufficiently with polyamine.ESEM and AFM pictures show that the IP process produces a dense selective layer on the support membrane.The water contact angle of the CCMM is smaller than that of the substrate membrane because of the cross-linked hydrophilic polyamine network.Several factors affecting the IP reaction and the performance of the CCMM,such as monomer concentration,reaction time,pH value of aqueous phase solution and post-treatment,were studied.The pure water flux of the optimized CCMM is 14.73 L·m -2 ·h -1 ·MPa -1 at the operating pressure of 0.4 MPa.The values of separation factorαfor NaCl/PEG1000/water and MgCl2/PEG1000/water are 11.89 and 9.96,respectively.These results demonstrate that CCMM is promising for the separation of low-molecular-weight organics from their salt aqueous solutions.     

PVDF膜制备过程中影响因素探究

本文介绍了不同溶剂、聚合物的浓度、添加剂的种类和浓度、凝胶浴的组成和温度、蒸发时间等制膜条件对膜的影响,以期为优化制膜工艺提供参考。