Synthesis and characterization of triclinic structural LiVPO4F as possible 4.2 V cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

A potential 4.2 V cathode material LiVPO4F for lithium batteries was prepared by two-step reaction method based on a carbon-thermal reduction （CTR） process. Firstly, V2O5, NH4H2PO4 and acetylene black are reacted under an Ar atmosphere to yield VPO4. The transition-metal reduction is facilitated by the CTR based on C→CO transition. These CTR conditions favor stabilization of the vanadium as V^3＋ as well as leaving residual carbon, which is useful in the subsequent electrode processing. Secondly, VPO4 reacts with ElF to yield LiVPO4F product. The property of the LiVPO4F was investigated by X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electrochemical measurement. XRD studies show that LiVPO4F synthesized has triclinic structure（space group p I ）, isostructural with the naturally occurring mineral tavorite, EiFePO4-OH. SEM image exhibits that the particle size is about 2μm together with homogenous distribution. Electrochemical test shows that the initial discharge capacity of LiVPO4F powder is 119 mA·h/g at the rate of 0.2C with an average discharge voltage of 4.2V （vs Ei/Li^＋）, and the capacity retains 89 mA·h/g after 30 cycles.     

锂离子电池电解液过充添加剂的行为

制备了3种1 mol/L LiPF6电解液,溶剂组成分别为:1)碳酸乙烯酯,碳酸二甲酯和碳酸甲乙酯;2)碳酸乙烯酯,碳酸二甲酯,碳酸甲乙酯和4%联苯;3)碳酸乙烯酯,碳酸二甲酯,碳酸甲乙酯和4%环己基苯.采用线性电压扫描法、锂循环效率法、锂离子电池的循环性能法和3 C倍率过充的方法测试了联苯与环己基苯电解液过充添加剂的行为.结果表明:环己基苯是一种较实用的锂离子电池电解液过充添加剂,环己基苯的电化学稳定性比联苯的高,环已基苯的氧化电势为4.72 V(vs Li/Li ),联苯的为4.54 V(vs Li/Li );以1 mA电流循环20次后,联苯的铂电极锂循环效率为15.7%,环己基苯的为59.3%;锂离子电池以1 C循环150次后,环己基苯的容量保持率为88%,联苯的为76.3%.环己基苯与联苯添加剂都改善了锂离子电池的耐过充性能,且两者的效果十分接近.     

Surface modification of spherical LiNi1/3Co 1/3 Mn1/3O2 with Al2O3 using heterogeneous nucleation process

To improve the cycle stability at high voltage and high charge/discharge rate, spherical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was coated with Al2O3 by using heterogeneous nucleation process, and the physical and electrochemical properties were studied. The SEM images show that there is a uniform coating on the modified spherical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2. The electrochemical tests indicate that the properties of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 coated with 0.5% aluminum oxide are the best. The initial capacities are 150 and 173 mA.h/g at the rate of I C in the voltage range of 2.7-4.3 V and 2.7-4.6 V, respectively, and the discharge capacities maintain about 99% and 85% after 30 cycles, respectively. While those of the bare LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 are only 90% and 75%, respectively. The CV tests of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 show that Al203-coating can restrain the oxide-reduction peak currents fading during the charge/discharge course.     

镍基铸造合金稳态蠕变行为的研究

本文研究了一种高粒子含量镍基铸造合金稳态蠕变行为。通过对不同温度(800,850,900℃),不同应力(22,24,28kgf/mm~2)蠕变变形测量,得出稳态蠕变速率表达式分别为: ε_s=8.01×10~(15)exp(-53170/T) ε_s=2.01×10~(18)σ~(9.58) ε_s=1.06×10~2σ~(9.58)exp(-53170/T) 蠕变速率与应力满足乘方关系,应力指数n=9.58;蠕变速率与温度满足指数函数关系,蠕变激活能Qc=445千焦耳/克原子。本文初步探讨了合金稳态蠕变过程的机制。薄膜透射电镜和蠕变过程分析指出,带割阶位错通过间隙原子扩散由位错攀移粒子控制蠕变过程。     

锂离子蓄电池正极材料LiFePO4的合成研究

采用高温固相法合成锂离子蓄电池正极材料LiFePO4,研究了反应温度、时间对合成产物的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对所得样品的晶体结构、表面形貌等进行分析研究。实验证明,反应温度和反应时间对产物结构和性能有较大影响,其中,650 ℃下焙烧20 h合成出的样品电性能最佳,以0.1 C充放电,首次放电容量为111.6 mAh/g。     

Pb掺杂对尖晶石型锰酸锂结构和性能的影响

以电解二氧化锰为锰源,碳酸锂为锂源,硝酸铅为铅源,采用高温固相法在800℃下焙烧24 h合成尖晶石型Li1.05 Mn1.95-xPbxO4.系统地研究了掺杂不同量的元素铅对尖晶石锰酸锂结构、形貌以及电化学性能等的影响,结果表明:当Li1.05Mn1.95-xPbxO4中掺杂量x＞0.02时,材料的XRD图中出现杂质峰,随着x的增大,锰酸锂的颗粒有团聚趋势;当x=0.02时锰酸锂的循环性能得到一定的改善,锂离子扩散阻抗有所减小,之后随着x增大,Li1.05Mn1.95-xPbxO4的循环性能下降,材料的电化学性能变差.     

用碳热还原法制备LiFePO4/C复合正极材料

以Fe2O3为铁源,以葡萄糖为碳添加剂,利用碳热还原法成功地制备了LiFePO4/C复合材料.研究了不同焙烧温度对样品性能的影响.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和碳硫(质量分数)分析方法对所得样品的晶体结构、表面形貌、含碳量进行分析研究.研究结果表明,样品中碳含量(质量分数)为10%的LiFePO4/C复合材料为单一的橄榄石型晶体结构, 碳的加入使LiFePO4 颗粒粒径减小.碳分散于晶体颗粒之间,增强了颗粒之间的导电性.电化学性能测试结果表明,LiFePO4/C充放电性能和循环性能都得到显著改善.其中,碳含量为10%在700℃下焙烧8h合成出的样品电化学性能最佳,在0.1、0.5和1C倍率下放电,LiFePO4/C首次放电比容量达159.3、137.0、130.6mAh/g,充放电循环30次,容量只衰减了2.2%、5.3%、7.6%.其表现出良好的循环性能.     

Al4B2O9纳米棒改性制备优异综合性能的固体聚合物电解质

随着储能设备和电力驱动产品的激增,特别是电动汽车的大规模推广应用,全固态电池被认为是最有可能解决电动设备日益严峻的安全问题和高能量密度需求的策略之一.本文报道了一种Al4B2O9纳米棒改性的聚环氧乙烷(PEO)基固体聚合物电解质(ASPE),其具有高离子电导率、宽电化学窗口、良好的机械性能和阻燃性能.具体来说,因为Al...     

锂离子蓄电池铁基电极材料研究进展

铁基材料具有环保、价格低廉、安全性好、电化学性能较优的特点,已成为近年来的研究热点。对用于锂离子电池正负极的铁基材料的研究现状进行了综述,并对这些材料进行了展望。其中,LiFePO4各项性能优良,将是最有前途的正极材料,随着进一步的研究,其它铁基材料以其价廉的优势也将展示更广阔的应用前景。     

用PSD检测长直导轨准直度

介绍了用光电位置传感器（ＰＳＤ）检测长直导轨的原理和方法。利用ＰＳＤ作为位置传感的检测系统能实时、连续地对被测件三维空间准直度进行检测，更好地解决了以往移动桥板分段测量、人工读数（数格）局部检测的方法存在的问题。