电化学DNA传感器的最新研究进展:电极修饰材料、探针固定方法和杂交信号检测方法

电化学DNA传感器作为一种新型的生物传感器,在基因诊断及药物分析等方面具有重要的应用价值。结合近年来电化学DNA传感器的研究进展,简述了其检测过程,介绍了DNA电化学传感器所使用的电极修饰材料,详细论述了探针固定技术及信号检测方法,并展望了其发展及应用前景。     

Aggregation of gold nanoparticles and DNA damage by atomic force microscopy

The plasmid DNA binding and cleavage activities with gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) were investigated by the integrated tools of UV-vis spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and DNA electrophoresis. The results showed that the absorbance of Au-NPs decreased at 520 nm and a new absorption peak at 570 nm was found, as the DNA concentration increased, which indicated the particle aggregation. AFM experiments showed that DNA-induced particle aggregation originated from the strong interactions between DNA and Au-NPs, that is, the adsorption of DNA onto the Au-NPs surface would result in particle aggregation. After a short period of time, the Au-NPs were easier to aggregate in the presence of the higher concentration of DNA. At the early stage of incubation, the DNA double helix conformation was substantially changed by particles. The electrophoresis manifested the absorption and damage appeared on the native DNA molecules. With a longer treating time, the molecules were broken into fragments. The DNA damage was deemed to be a gradual process. The nonspecific interactions between DNA and Au-NPs resulted in the binding of DNA to the Au-NPs surface. Consequently, not only Au-NPs were aggregated but also DNA was damaged.     

影响卫生瓷重烧因素的研究

就影响卫生瓷重烧效果的几个主要因素进行了讨论。     

硅灰石矿物及其在陶瓷工业中的应用

介绍了硅灰石矿物的主要性能 ,并结合其特性概述了其在陶瓷工业中的主要应用。     

邻菲啉—苯丙氨酸铜与DNA作用的研究

用电化学法和电子吸收光谱法研究了配合物邻菲啉-苯丙氨酸铜与DNA的相互作用.电化学研究表明,配合物离子在电极上的反应过程主要由扩散过程控制,加入DNA使其峰电流降低,峰电位正移;同时,电子吸收光谱显示加入DNA使配合物离子吸收峰产生减色效应,表明此配合物能与DNA发生插入作用.通过电子吸收光谱,计算出铜配合物与DNA的结合常数为2.59×102 L/mol,表明结合作用较弱.     

莫来石──刚玉质匣钵研制

依据陶瓷工业烧成工艺要求,结合引进线进口匣钵特点,研制了耐火度＞１７００℃,抗折强度大于７．０ＭＰａ荷重软化点＞１５００℃,并在陶瓷烧成中能长寿命使用的匣钵。研究了莫来石结晶状态和显微结构对匣钵性能的影响。     

石墨烯/聚苯胺基超级电容器研究进展

近年来,超级电容器以其优异的性能引起了研究者的广泛兴趣。其中以石墨烯为基质的电极材料占研究的绝大部分,同时质子化的聚苯胺也是一种高比电容的电极材料,将石墨烯与聚苯胺复合,利用二者的协同作用可以有效提高电容器的性能。主要介绍了二者的复合方式及复合材料的电容性能,总结了石墨烯/聚苯胺电极材料电容器的研究进展,最后对该领域的发展进行了展望。     

影响卫生瓷重烧因素的研究

就影响卫生瓷重烧效果的几个主要因素进行了讨论。