用海藻类生物吸附剂去除废水中的重金属离子——一种经济型新技术

Heavy metal pollution from industrial wastewater is a worldwide environmental issue. Biosorption of heavy metals by using biosorbents derived from various types of biomass has been shown to be effective for the uptake of heavy metal ions. In this study, biosorbents derived from the biomass of a group of marine macroalgae were used for the removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Results indicated that the biosorbents have high uptake capacities and affinities for a number of heavy metal ions. The uptake capacities of the biosorbents were in the range of 1.0 to 1.5mmol·g-1 for divalent heavy metal ions. The kinetics of the uptake process was fast and the process can be used in both batch and fixed-bed operations. It appears that the biosorption process by using biosorbents from marine macroalgae can be an efficient and cost effective technology for the treatment of heavy metal containing wastewater.     

Heavy Metal Adsorption Properties of Marine Algae Durvilliea Potatorum, Ecklonia Radiata and Laminaria Japonica

1 INTRODUCTIONBiosorption of heavy metals using biosorbents derived from suitable biomass is a new tech-nology for the removal and recovery of heavy metals from industrial waste waters.The ad-vantages of the biosorption technology include rapid reduction of dissolved heavy metal ionsconcentration to 10~(-6)and 10~(-9)levels,use of inexpensive and non-hazardous biosorbents,useof existing adsorption process equipment and therefore low operating costs,high uptake ca-pacity and specificity for selective heavy metal removals,and low interference from other     

重金属生物吸附的吸附模型

排污系统中的重金属通过生物的方法进行吸附除掉,是一种重金属回收和再利用的较为有效治理方法。本研究通过热平衡的机理分析,采用普通的物质吸附模型,通过大量的实验数据处理,得到了重金属吸附脱俯的数学模型。该模型具有较好计算与实验数据的吻合性。但是实验结果也表明,生物吸附模型不适用于计算在生物质中的重金属离子脱附量,即重金属生物吸附模型没有满足可逆性。这一点在使用该模型时需要给予考虑。因此吸附的机理分析还需要结合实践过程的热力学平衡数据来进行分析回归。     

混凝土结构设计新规范相关问题探讨

混凝土结构已经成为建筑业的主要材料,它的质量、施工、设计直接关系着建筑的品质,世界各国都根据建筑业的需要制定了严格的混凝土施工、设计规范.我国的混凝土规范已经进行了数次更新.最近更新的设计规范GB50010-2010的结构安全系数更大,而且对钢筋的布置形式和钢筋使用种类都进行了规定,以方便我们在日后施工中对施工方案进行制定.笔者多年从事混凝土结构设计工作,下面结合自己的工作经验对混凝土结构设计新规范进行下分析,望同行给予指导.     

用于污水处理的柔性纤维膜反应器氧传递及动力学研究

A flexible fibre biofilm reactor was developed for treatment of organic wastewaters. The hydrodynamic characteristics and mass transfer coefficients of oxygen were studied and compared with those of the conventional activated sludge processes. Tracer experiments were performed to obtain the residence time distributions of the reactors. The results indicated that both reactors could be treated as mixed flow reactors. The effects of flow rates of water and air on the overall mass transfer coefficient of oxygen were investigated, and the correlations between the mass transfer coefficient and the ratio of flow rates were obtained. Compared to the conventional activated sludge reactor, the mass transfer coefficients in the flexible fibre reactor were similar to but slightly lower, and less sensitive to the variation in the ratio of flow rates. It indicated that the fibre packing in the reactor hindered the oxygen transfer to some extent.