2，6-萘二甲酸二甲酯在有机溶剂中溶解度的测定与关联

Solubility of dimethyl-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate in acetic acid, N,N-dimethylfonnamide, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, and N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidine were determined using a dynamic method. The measured systems were correlated by UNIFAC group contribution method. A new main group （aromatic ester, ACCOO） was defined to express the activity coefficients of the aromatic ester. New interaction parameters of the ACCOO group were expressed as the first-order function of temperature and were determined from the experimental data. The calculated results for the new interaction parameters were satisfactory. The measured systems were also correlated with the Wilson and 2-h models, and the results were compared with those of the UNIFAC model.     

高压下CO在甲醇-碳酸二甲酯中的溶解度测定

利用自行建立的高压下测定气体在液体中溶解度的装置,在温度25~75℃、压力2.00~10.00MPa条件下,首次测定了CO在甲醇、碳酸二甲酯及甲醇-碳酸二甲酯混合体系中的溶解度,并用PR方程计算了CO的气相逸度,溶解度数据符合方程f=Hx。揭示了CO在甲醇、碳酸二甲酯及甲醇-碳酸二甲酯混合体系中的溶解度规律。将亨利系数和温度进行关联,关联误差很小。这表明用此关联式可预测和推算CO在这些溶剂中的溶解度。     

五种化合物临界温度和临界压力的测定

The critical properties of five compounds,including propanal,butanal,1-pentanal,2-methel butanal and trimer of ethanal,were determined for the first time by a new capillary quick-flow method. The apparatus was improved with a capillary tube and checked with hexane and 1-heptene as standard reagents. The experimental results proved that the determination of critical properties by quick-flow method with a capillary tube apparatus was successful.     

激光全息干涉法测定L-抗坏血酸水溶液扩散系数的实验研究

采用激光全息干涉法测定了不同浓度的L-抗坏血酸水溶液在303.15K下的扩散系数及相应的密度和粘度数据,并将密度及粘度数据分别与浓度进行了关联,并对相应的参数进行了回归,可为工程设计和相关的生理过程研究提供参考价值.     

一种分离纯化天然药物紫杉醇的新方法

A pharmacological interaction target(PFI)method for solving the difficult problem in the separation of taxol from cephalonmanin was proposed.A two-phase extraction technique was used to carry out the PIT separation process.The effects of buffer,temperature and protein on the separation were investigated.Feasible disassembly conditions were also discussed.The final purity of taxol can reach 95% or higher.     

脱水法合成3-羟基丁酸乙酯

以3-羟基丁酸和乙醇为原料，在对甲苯磺酸的催化下分别以氧化钙、3A分子筛、无水硫酸镁为脱水剂，采用索氏提取器进行回流脱水合成3-羟基丁酸乙酯。对影响3-羟基丁酸乙酯收率的诸因素进行了考察。试验结果表明：加入脱水剂和带水剂可以显著提高3-羟基丁酸乙酯的收率。当原料配比为：0．1mol 3-羟基丁酸、0．12mol乙醇，0．7175g对甲苯磺酸，带水剂环己烷50mL，脱水剂18．7g氧化钙，反应时间3h时，产品3-羟基丁酸乙酯的收率可达96．6％(质量分数，下同)。     

A GROUP-CONTRIBUTION METHOD INVOLVING SPECIFIC GRAVITY AS A PARAMETER FOR ESTIMATING CRITICAL TEMPERATURES

A new group-contribution method involving specific gravity as a parameter is proposed for predicting criticaltemperature.Being appliable to all kinds of organic compounds,it gives an average percent deviation of 0.88%for 93 compounds and is particularly useful to those substances for which the normal boiling points are stillunknown.     

巴豆酸乙酯与乙醇混合液密度和粘度的测定及关联

主要介绍了3-羟基丁酸乙酯合成过程中的相关物系的物性测定.在常压下采用U形振动管密度计测定了巴豆酸乙酯与乙醇的混合液在293.15～343.15 K下的密度,用乌氏粘度计测定了此混合溶液在293.15～343.15 K下的粘度,并由密度数据计算出超额体积V E、由粘度数据计算出了不同温度和组成下的混合粘度的变化Δη,V E和Δη这些值均为负值.同时对不同温度下的超额体积与组成的关系,粘度变化与组成的关系分别用Redlich-Kister方程进行了关联,最大标准偏差小于5%;说明此方程可适用于回归两相体系中上述的物性数据.     

L-抗坏血酸水溶液扩散系数的测定

为进一步补充药类物质水溶液扩散系数的实验数据和研究相关理论模型的实用性,今制备了金属膜池,用氯化钾溶液标定了膜池常数,并用已有可靠扩散系数值的蔗糖水溶液验证了装置的可靠性.测定了298.15K到328.15K不同温度下L-抗坏血酸在水溶液中可溶解范围内不同浓度下的扩散系数.结果表明在相同温度下,L-抗坏血酸水溶液的扩散系数随着浓度的增加而减小;在同一浓度下,随着温度的升高而增加.另一方面Gordon在扩散模型基础上,关联得到一个有温度项的扩散系数半经验模型,计算结果与实验值吻合很好. 同时用精密密度计和粘度计测定了体系相应的密度和粘度,并与浓度进行了关联.     

化工热力学课程改革

化工热力学课程是化工类及相关专业的一门重要专业基础课程,本文首先分析了该课程的发展、特点及重要性。重点阐述了天津大学化工热力学课程在教学内容、教学方法、教学手段、教材使用、测评手段等方面进行改革的情况。此外,还介绍了天津大学在有关化工热力学课程的其他课程、教学管理、实践性教学等方面进行的改革。最后,针对改革取得的效果和存在的问题,提出了自己的建议。