落葵浆果天然染料提取及对羊毛织物的染色性能

文章主要研究用水浸法提取落葵浆果天然染料及研究浸提液对羊毛织物的染色性能。以水为提取剂提取落葵浆果天然染料,探讨提取工艺中料液比、提取温度及时间等因素对落葵浆果天然染料提取效果的影响。研究结果表明,落葵浆果水浸提法优化工艺为:料液比1∶20、提取温度70℃、提取时间30 min。落葵浆果天然染料可以对羊毛织物进行染色,媒染染色与直接染色相比,染色深度深且会呈现不同的颜色。由于媒染剂的络合作用,媒染染色色牢度比直接染色普遍高1~2级。     

Amination of biochar surface from watermelon peel for toxic chromium removal enhancement

Watermelon peel residues were used to produce a new biochar by dehydration method. The new biochar has undergone two methods of chemical modification and the effect of this chemical modification on its ability to adsorb Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution has been investigated. Three biochars, Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, were made from watermelon peel via dehydration with 50% sulfuric acid to give Melon-B followed by oxidation with ozone and amination using ammonium hydroxide to give Melon-BO-NH_2 or Triethylenetetramine(TETA) to give Melon-BO-TETA. The prepared biochars were characterized by BET, BJH,SEM, FT-IR, TGA, DSC and EDAX analyses. The highest removal percentage of Cr(VI) ions was 69% for Melon-B,98% for Melon-BO-NH_2 and 99% for Melon-BO-TETA biochars of 100 mg·L~(-1) Cr(VI) ions initial concentration and 1.0 g·L~(-1) adsorbents dose. The unmodified biochar(Melon-B) and modified biochars(Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA) had maximum adsorption capacities(Qm) of 72.46, 123.46, and 333.33 mg·g~(-1), respectively.The amination of biochar reduced the pore size of modified biochar, whereas the surface area was enhanced.The obtained data of isotherm models were tested using different error function equations. The Freundlich,Tempkin and Langmuir isotherm models were best fitted to the experimental data of Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, respectively. The adsorption rate was primarily controlled by pseudo-second–order rate model. Conclusively, the functional groups interactions are important for adsorption mechanisms and expected to control the adsorption process. The adsorption for the Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA could be explained for acid–base interaction and hydrogen bonding interaction.     

DMTO-Ⅱ装置中碱洗塔化学清理的初探

烯烃分离装置检修时,碱洗塔黄油污垢清理难度大、耗费时间长的问题进行分析,尝试性地对碱洗塔进行了化学清洗的生产实践,实现了碱洗塔化学清洗在DMTO-Ⅱ工艺中的应用。     

智能化扭转梁设计分析系统研究与开发

该文简述了传统扭转梁智能化设计分析系统研究与开发的背景,并介绍了使用该系统对扭转梁进行分析的流程,通过对比开发前后的分析效率,结果表明应用该系统后某汽车扭转梁的刚度性能分析的效率提升92.5%,同时产生了一定的经济效益。     

Covalent triazine framework with efficient photocatalytic activity in aqueous and solid media

Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) have been recently employed for visible light-driven photocatalysis due to their unique optical and electronic properties. However, the usually highly hydrophobic nature of CTFs, which originates from their overall aromatic backbone, leads to limitations of CTFs for applications in aqueous media. In this study, we aim to extend the range of the application media of CTFs and design hybrid material of a CTF and mesoporous silica (SBA-15) for efficient photocatalysis in aqueous medium. A thiophene-containing CTF was directly synthesized in mesopores of SBA-15. Due to the high surface area and the added hydrophilic properties by silica, the hybrid material demonstrated excellent adsorption of organic molecules in water. This leads not only to high photocatalytic performance of the hybrid material for the degradation of organic dyes in water, but also for efficient photocatalysis in solvent-free and solid state. Furthermore, the reusability, stability and easy recovery of the hybrid material offers promising metal-free heterogeneous photocatalyst for broader applications in different reaction media.     

运用边界状态约束的表面体素加密细分算法

为了平衡体素模型的体素数量与精细度,提出一种实体模型体素加密细化算法。该算法对低分辨率均一体素模型的表面体素进行切分,标记与三角面不相交的体素,并运用边界状态传递判定标记体素的内外位置。通过编码不同八叉树的节点,并进行跨八叉树快速邻居节点搜寻,实现多级加密细分。实验结果表明,该算法可以以低分辨率模型为基础,精确地获得体素单元少的高分辨率模型。     

PGNAA技术对铜精矿元素及水分进行在线检测的应用研究

目前对铜精矿元素含量及水分的检测大多基于试验室取样分析，存在取样代表性差，分析时间长等问题。针对上述问题，采用基于瞬发γ中子活化分析（PGNAA）技术设计的在线分析仪对国内某铜精矿样品进行主要元素含量及水分在线检测研究。结果表明：铜精矿中各主要元素含量及水分检测量线性相关性良好，满足指导铜精矿生产的要求。     

聚碳酸酯耐酸碱性及有机溶剂性研究

研究了聚碳酸酯在盐酸、甲酸、氢氧化钠等酸碱溶液以及甲醇、己烷等有机溶剂中浸泡一定时间后外观、质量和性能变化情况,结果表明:经酸碱试剂浸泡后表面有腐蚀坑、有机溶剂浸泡后溶胀,质量因降解或溶胀减小或增加;冲击强度下降,拉伸强度和弯曲强度增大,材料因腐蚀降解或溶胀受到破坏韧性降低。     

动感像素全息母版图案的设计制作研究

本文介绍了一种新颖的数码像素全息高速拍摄装置来实现全息母版的制作。提出和介绍了运用Photoshop软件一些特殊的图像处理功能设计制作动感像素全息图的方法,并结合多种防伪技术,使产生的图案具有不可仿制的图形畸变特点,并列举了设计实例。