EC Analysis of Multi-Antenna System over 5G and Beyond Networks and its Application to IRS-Assisted Wireless Systems

Wireless Personal Communications - Recently, the theory of effective rate has attracted much attention, since it can take the delay aspect into account when performing channel capacity analysis. In...     

A Novel Self-Organizing Approach to Automatic Traffic Light Management System for Road Traffic Network

Wireless Personal Communications - Traffic network is basically a “network of networks” consisting of mainly two types of networks: road network and a travel network. Due to drastic...     

Evaluation of expanded gamut software solutions for spot color reproduction

Expanded gamut printing is an approach in color reproduction that expands the color gamut of conventional CMYK printing processes via the use of additional colorants, such as Orange, Green, and Violet inks. This study evaluates the ability of commercial color management software to create an accurate solution for an expanded gamut printing system. In this study, two printing processes were used, an Epson SureColor P9000 inkjet printer/proofer and an HP Indigo 7900 digital production press, both with 7-color expanded gamut ink sets. Software solutions from Alwan, CGS ORIS, ColorLogic, GMG Color, Heidelberg, and Kodak were evaluated. The systems were tested to see how well they could reproduce the colors in the entire PANTONE+ Solid Coated spot color library. It is shown that the solutions are able to reproduce 89% to 94% of the spot colors on the Epson P9000 inkjet printer and 77% to 87% of the library on the Indigo 7900, both to less than two CIEDE2000 (a typical tolerance in label and packaging work). The number of color patches in expanded gamut characterization test charts was noted, as this is still an area of proprietary, nonstandardized working practice. There are many different colorant combinations that can make the same color in expanded gamut printing. The ink build created by the different software solutions was studied, as it relates to press stability through appropriate choice of colorants. Pantone and Adobe provide everyday commercial tools for expanded color workflows. The study identified some issues with products from these companies that could confuse a less-skilled user in a busy production environment. The conclusion of the study is that expanded gamut solutions for spot color printing produce totally acceptable results for digital printing processes; expanded gamut printing is ready, here and now. The findings show that expanded gamut printing can replace cumbersome conventional spot color workflows creating considerable savings and advantages, especially for label and packaging printers.     

Facial expression recognition using modified Viola-John’s algorithm and KNN classifier

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In the way of communication, facial expression act as non-verbal communication and play an important role in social interaction by providing some contextual...     

Ultrasonic properties of hexagonal ZnS at nanoscale

Higher order elastic constants have been calculated in ZnS at 300 K and 500 K following the interaction potential model. Ultrasonic attenuation, velocity and other related parameters have been calculated using the higher order elastic constants for the different size of the material at 500 K. The size dependency of the ultrasonic properties is discussed in correlation with elastic, thermal and electrical properties. It has been found that the thermal conductivity is the main contributor to the behaviour of the ultrasonic attenuation as a function of the size and the responsible cause of attenuation is phonon-phonon interaction. The semiconducting nature of ZnS film has been achieved with the study of size variation of thermal relaxation time and ultrasonic attenuation.     

Irradiation of large area Mylar membrane and characterization of nuclear track filter

Ion irradiation of Si⁸⁺ ion beam of 100 MeV was scattered by a gold foil on a Mylar membrane of 25 Μm thickness in the form of film roll (width, 12.5 cm and length, 400 cm) at the Nuclear Science Centre, New Delhi. The characterization of etched nuclear tracks was carried out by gas permeation measurements. The samples cut from the film roll of required size for permeability measurements were etched in a controlled manner in a constant temperature bath of 6N NaOH solution. The opening of the conical etched tracks was characterized by hydrogen gas permeation.     

An asymmetric line-axis compound parabolic concentrating single basin solar still

An asymmetric line-axis compound parabolic concentrating single basin solar still of concentration 1.15, exit aperture 0.24 metres and length 0.48 metres, 30° inclination and 60° half acceptance angle has been designed fabricated and tested.     

Effect of Nb doping on structural and electric properties of PZT (65/35) ceramic

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Nb⁵⁺ doping on PZT (65/35) based bulk materials in their structure, micro structure and electrical properties. The Nb content was chosen 0-9 mole%. These materials were prepared by conventional mixed oxide method. X ray diffraction studies suggest the compound to be of rhombohedral perovskite phase. Excess addition of Nb result in pyrochlore and fluorite phase develops in PZT (65/35) sample. Detailed studies of dielectric constant as a function of temperature (40degC to 500degC) and frequency (100 Hz to 1 MHz) suggest that the compounds undergo diffuse type of phase transition. Maximum dielectric constant and resistivity were found to be strongly dependent on doping and measuring frequencies. Using complex impedance analysis micro structural parameters such as bulk and grain boundary resistance, bulk charge carrier concentration and relaxation time were determined     

A green route for the acylation of resorcinol with acetic acid

2',4'-Dihydroxyacetophenone, also known as resoacetophenone, is a commercially important intermediate which is generally prepared by the acylation of resorcinol with acetic acid in the presence of a molar excess of zinc chloride, which leads to waste disposal problems. The most frequently used acylating agents such as acetic anhydride and acetyl chloride have several disadvantages and need to be replaced by cheap and benign agents. In this connection, acetic acid is a better choice but with a non-polluting and reusable catalyst. The synthesis of 2',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone from resorcinol and acetic acid was carried out in the presence of a variety of solid acid catalysts such as montmorillonite clay (K-10), dodecatungstophosphoric acid (DTP) supported on K-10, sulfated zirconia and ion exchange resins. Amongst these catalysts, Amberlyst-36, an ion exchange resin, was found to be the most effective. The effects of various parameters on the rate of reaction and selectivity were investigated to establish the intrinsic kinetics of the reaction. It was possible to deduce the adsorption equilibrium constant and rate constant simultaneously for the reaction including the corresponding energies of activation. The catalyst is reusable. The process is in consonance with the principles of green chemistry. Electronic Publication