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Deterioration and loss of quality of vegetable oil is a big challenge in the food industry. This study investigated the synthesis of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) via co-precipitation method and its use for the removal of free fatty acids (FFAs) in deteriorated vegetable oil. NiFe2O4 was characterized using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Synthesis of NiFe2O4 was confirmed by characterization, which revealed a BET surface area of 16.30 m2·g-1 and crystallite size of 29 nm. NiFe2O4 exhibited an adsorption capacity of 145.20 L·kg-1 towards FFAs with an 80.69% removal in a process, which obeys Langmuir isotherm and can be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The process has enthalpy (ΔH) of 11.251 kJ·mol-1 and entropy (ΔS) of 0.038 kJ·mol-1·K-1 with negative free energy change (ΔG), which suggests the process to be spontaneous and endothermic. The quantum chemical computation analysis via density functional theory further revealed the sorption mechanism of FFAs by NiFe2O4 occurred via donor–acceptor interaction, which may be described by the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). The study showed NiFe2O4 to be a potential means that can remove FFAs from deteriorated vegetable oil. 相似文献
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Tracy Adole Jadunandan Dash Peter M. Atkinson 《International journal of remote sensing》2013,34(22):8060-8075
ABSTRACTMonitoring land surface phenology (LSP) trends is important in understanding how both climatic and non-climatic factors influence vegetation growth and dynamics. Controlling for land-cover changes in these analyses has been undertaken only rarely, especially in poorly studied regions like Africa. Using regression models and controlling for land-cover changes, this study estimated LSP trends for Africa from the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) derived from 500 m surface reflectance Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MOD09A1), for the period from 2001 to 2015. Overall end of season showed slightly more pixels with significant trends (12.9% of pixels) than start of season (11.56% of pixels) and length of season (LOS) (5.72% of pixels), leading generally to more ‘longer season’ LOS trends. Importantly, LSP trends that were not affected by land-cover changes were distinguished from those that were influenced by land-cover changes such as to map LSP changes that have occurred within stable land-cover classes and which might, therefore, be reasonably associated with climate changes through time. As expected, greater slope magnitudes were observed more frequently for pixels with land-cover changes compared to those without, indicating the importance of controlling for land cover. Consequently, we suggest that future analyses of LSP trends should control for land-cover changes such as to isolate LSP trends that are solely climate-driven and/or those influenced by other anthropogenic activities or a combination of both. 相似文献
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Shinde Rohit Shankar Khairnar Subhash Dharmaraj Patil Manohar Rajendra Adole Vishnu Ashok Koli Prashant Bhimrao Deshmane Vikas Vasant Halwar Dharma Kisan Shinde Rahul Ashok Pawar Thansing Bhavsing Jagdale Bapu Sonu Patil Arun Vitthal 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2022,32(3):1045-1066
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - Current study delineates the synthesis and environmental applications of ZnO/CuO nanocomposite in photocatalysis and gas sensing.... 相似文献
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