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1.
Novel polyurethane insulating coatings were prepared from the reaction of glycerin‐terminated polyurethane prepolymers (GPUPs) and a blocked isocyanate curing agent (BIC). The GPUPs were prepared from the reaction of one equivalent of polycaprolactone polyol (CAPA 210) with an excess amount of 4,4′‐methylene bis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) and subsequent reaction of the NCO‐terminated polyurethane with glycerin. The BIC was prepared from the reaction of trimethylol propane (TMP), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and N‐methylaniline (NMA). The polyols and curing agent were characterized by conventional methods while the curing condition was optimized via gel content measurements. The curing kinetics of the polyurethane coating were investigated and the kinetic parameters derived. The crosslink densities of the samples were determined via the equilibrium swelling method, using the Flory–Rehner equation. The relationships between the crosslink density and the electrical, physical, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of the coatings were also studied. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
2.
Survival of rotavirus on lettuce, radishes, and carrots was studied to evaluate the potential of rotavirus transmission by vegetables irrigated with wastewater. The vegetables were contaminated with rotavirus SA-11 and stored at 4°C and room temperature in covered and uncovered containers to simulate post harvest conditions. Virus decay rates were greater on radishes and carrots than lettuce. Decay rates of rotavirus on lettuce, radish, and carrot ranged from ?0·057 to ?0·479 (log10 pfu/day). Rotavirus SA-11 survived on lettuce, radish, and carrot for 25 to 30 days at 4°C but at room temperature survival was very different for the various vegetables varying from 5 to 25 days. Greatest survival was always observed on the lettuce. These data suggest that rotaviruses can survive long enough on contaminated vegetables as to be transmitted by this vehicle. 相似文献
3.
Shafeeque G. Ansari Mushtaq Ahmad Dar Young-Soon Kim Hyung-Kee Seo Gil-Sung Kim Rizwan Wahab Zubaida A. Ansari Jae-Myung Seo Hyung-Shik Shin 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2008,25(3):593-598
A comparative study for the nucleation of diamond was carried out using surface treatment like (i) surface scratching with
1 μm diamond paste and (ii) surface etching using chlorine plasma at different RF powers (50, 100 and 150 W). Atomic force
microscopic study shows variation in roughness from 31 nm to 110 nm. Scratching results in random scratches, whereas plasma
etches a surface uniformly. Scanning electron microscopic observations show well faceted crystallites with a predominance
of angular shaped grains corresponding to 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 crystallite surfaces for the scratched as well as plasma etched
substrate. Surface etching at 150 W plasma power results in a better growth in comparison with 50 and 100 W plasma powers.
Chlorine-radical is found responsible for the changes in the growth morphology. Raman spectroscopy shows a sharp peak at 1,332
cm−1 and a peak at ∼1,580 cm−1 for both samples. 相似文献
4.
The influence of chloride-ion concentration on the pitting behaviour of steel in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution was studied using the D.C. polarization technique. Results seem to indicate a threshold chloride level for the on-set of severe pitting around 3000 ppm, the pitting potential Ep exhibits dramatic drop and large hysteresis loops develop. The results provide insight into the pitting performance of steel in concrete and highlight the poor repassivation of this metal/environment system. 相似文献
5.
New experimental studies on the effects of large dynamic compressive loads on highly birefringent optical fibers are presented. The intensity rate of applied dynamic loads ranged between 2.18-6719 KN/m-sec. A Fibercore (previously York) HB600 Bow-Tie fiber with an initial beat length of 1.16 mm was employed in the present study. Sensor response is discussed in terms of the effects of force amplitudes and velocities on the calibration parameter Tf. Tf is a function of the amplitude as well as the velocity of applied loading. Therefore, calibration of the sensor should be achieved through regression analysis of the load-fringe data for the entire spectrum of the desired force velocities. The ramification of this finding is that a single experiment for the measurement of Tf cannot provide the required parameters for calibration. This further implies that the change in beat length is also dependent on the amplitude and velocity of loading. The suggested method takes both effects into account through empirical analysis of experimental data 相似文献
6.
M. A. A. Issa F. A. A. Amin A. M. Hasstb Z. H. Dughaish 《Journal of Materials Science》1989,24(7):2300-2304
Germanium-silicon alloys doped with phosphorus were prepared in vacuum by rapidly pouring the molten alloy into cooled copper moulds containing the phosphorus dopant. Without any further treatment, the ingots are milled into powder of grain size (L 5 µm) and hot pressed. It is shown that a high degree of homogenization of the alloy constituents can be obtained in the final compacts, thus eliminating the need for zone-levelled starting material. It is also shown that this work is in agreement with the plastic flow model of sintering known as the Mackenzie-Shuttleworth-McClelland model. Electrical measurements indicate that the dopant is effectively and uniformly incorporated into the alloy. 相似文献
7.
Separation of sterol esters from wax esters in the lipids of vernix caseosa and adult human skin surface was accomplished
by column chromatography on MgO. The fatty acids of the sterol esters and wax esters of both samples were separated into saturates
and monoenes, and examined in detail by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The saturated fatty acids of the wax esters of vernix
caseosa and of adult human skin surface were remarkably similar. They ranged in chain length from at least C11 to C30, six skeletal types being present: straight even, straight odd, iso, anteiso, other monomethyl branched and dimethyl branched.
A large number of patterns of monoenes were observed, each pattern consisting of desaturation of a specific chain at Δ6 or
Δ9 plus its extension or degradation products. The mole per cent of the total Δ6 and Δ9 patterns of wax ester fatty acid monoenes
of vernix caseosa were 87% and 12%, respectively, and 98% and 1%, respectively, for adult human skin surface lipid. The sterol
ester fatty acids of vernix caseosa were much different from those of adult human skin surface: vernix caseosa saturates were
largely branched and of lengths greater than C18, whereas the saturates of adult human surface lipid resembled the wax ester fatty acids. Of the vernix caseosa monoene patterns,
the mole per cent was 30% Δ6 and 70% Δ9, whereas of the adult human skin surface sterol ester fatty acids 89% were Δ6 and
11% Δ9. Chain extension was particularly pronounced in the sterol ester fatty acid monoenes of vernix caseosa amounting to
7–8 C2 units in some cases. The fatty acids of the sterol esters of both vernix caseosa and adult human skin surface appear to be
derived from the sebaceous gland and from the keratinizing epidermis, but those of the wax esters are from the sebaceous glands
only. 相似文献
8.
Mohammad H. S. Amin Neil G. Dickson Peter Smith 《Quantum Information Processing》2013,12(4):1819-1829
Most realistic solid state devices considered as qubits are not true two-state systems. If the energy separation of the upper energy levels from the lowest two levels is not large, then these upper states may affect the evolution of the ground state over time and therefore cannot be neglected. In this work, we study the effect of energy levels beyond the lowest two energy levels on adiabatic quantum optimization in a device with a double-well potential as the basic logical element. We show that the extra levels can be modeled by adding additional ancilla qubits coupled to the original logical qubits, and that the presence of upper levels has no effect on the final ground state. We also study the influence of upper energy levels on the minimum gap for a set of 8-qubit spin glass instances. 相似文献
9.
This authors of this article investigated the dynamic response of woven Kevlar®29/epoxy laminates subjected to the impact loading. The cylindrical aluminum foam projectile and steel projectile were used to exert the impulse on the laminates. Deformation/failure modes, deflections, strain histories, and failure mechanisms were obtained and discussed. The results showed that with the high toughness of Kevlar fiber, the deformation modes of the laminates exhibited some characteristics similar to the metal panel, such as large global deformation. The failure mechanisms like matrix failure, fiber splitting, and fibrillation were observed. These micron failures led to the macroscopic delamination and fracture of the laminates. 相似文献
10.
Z. Amin K. W. Dalgarno T. P. Comyn A. W. Tavernor 《Journal of Materials Science》2006,41(10):2831-2838
Ferrite powder has been directly bonded to the surface of poled lead zirconate titanate (PZT-4) using direct laser sintering.
The resultant cohesion between the metal and ceramic is extremely good although care must be taken with the processing in
order to limit the damage inflicted upon the PZT. Four point bending suggests that the strength of the processed samples has
reduced to 60 MPa as compared to 76 MPa for the unprocessed ceramic. Electrical and piezoelectric measurements shows that
the laser sintering had caused mechanical damage to a depth of 550 μm and thermal damage (depoling) to a depth of 800 μm. 相似文献