Study of the Enhancement of the Efficiency of the Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cell by Optimizing Effective Parameters Using PC1D Simulation

Silicon - In this paper, simulation of a monocrystalline silicon solar cell was done using PC1D software. The impact of different solar cell parameters, with their effects on power and efficiency,...     

Chromophore-Free Sealing and Repair of Soft Tissues Using Mid-Infrared Light-Activated Biosealants

Poor strength, infection, leakage, long procedure times, and inflammation limit the efficacy of common tissue sealing devices in surgeries and trauma. Light-activated sealing is attractive for tissue sealing and repair, and can be facilitated by the generation of local heat following absorption of nonionizing laser energy by chromophores. Here, the inherent ability of biomaterials is exploited to absorb nonionizing, mid-infrared (midIR) light in order to engender rapid photothermal sealing and repair of soft tissue wounds. In this approach, the biomaterial simultaneously acts as a photothermal convertor as well as a biosealant, which dispenses the need for exogeneous light-absorbing nanoparticles or dyes. Biomechanical recovery, mathematical modeling, histopathology analyses, tissue strain mapping using digital imaging correlation, and visualization of the biosealant-tissue interface using hyperspectral imaging indicate superior performance of midIR sealing in live mice compared to conventional sutures and glue. The midIR-biosealant approach demonstrates rapid sealing of soft tissues, improves cosmesis, lowers potential for scarring, obviates safety concerns because of the nonionizing light used, and allows adoption of a wide diversity of biomaterials. Taken together, the studies demonstrate a novel advance both in biomaterials for surgical sealing along with the use of nonionizing midIR light, with high potential for clinical translation.     

提高托盘利用效率的重要手段——电子信息化管理

托盘能否有效运用对物流的畅通与否关系重大,这已经引起了国内外专家和学者们的重视,并就此制定了托盘电子信息化管理系统,旨在更合理地使用托盘,推进托盘一体化和共用系统的建立。而RFID技术在托盘的电子信息化管理的应用更将大大提高物流的效率与准确性,托盘电子信息化管理将成为今后托盘管理的趋势。     

On the detection of custom memory allocators in C binaries

Many reverse engineering techniques for data structures rely on the knowledge of memory allocation routines. Typically, they interpose on the system’s malloc and free functions, and track each chunk of memory thus allocated as a data structure. However, many performance-critical applications implement their own custom memory allocators. Examples include webservers, database management systems, and compilers like gcc and clang. As a result, current binary analysis techniques for tracking data structures fail on such binaries. We present MemBrush, a new tool to detect memory allocation and deallocation functions in stripped binaries with high accuracy. We evaluated the technique on a large number of real world applications that use custom memory allocators. We demonstrate that MemBrush can detect allocators/deallocators with a high accuracy which is 52 out of 59 for allocators, and 29 out of 31 for deallocators in SPECINT 2006. As we show, we can furnish existing reverse engineering tools with detailed information about the memory management API, and as a result perform an analysis of the actual application specific data structures designed by the programmer. Our system uses dynamic analysis and detects memory allocation and deallocation routines by searching for functions that comply with a set of generic characteristics of allocators and deallocators.     

一种基于图像的非均匀单散射参与介质建模方法

针对非均匀单散射参与介质建模问题,提出一种能够保持密度场空间变化细节的建模方法.使用体数据、吸收和散射系数之比分别描述参与介质空间变化的密度分布及光线在其内部的传输特性,通过构建采集图像像素值与它们之间的表达式,将建模问题转化为非线性数值优化问题,求最优解.为了解决高分辨率体数据下大量体素密度值同时求解带来的时间开销大及数值不稳定问题,提出一种符合采集图像像素值明暗分布规律的密度场体数据初始化算法和一种多分辨率体数据逐步求精优化算法;为了快速计算大量体素密度值梯度,提出一种基于GPU的多体素并行梯度计算算法.实验结果表明,提出的方法能够根据采集图像重构烟模型,并保持其细节信息.     

Image-based modeling of inhomogeneous single-scattering participating media

We propose a method to reconstruct inhomogeneous single-scattering participating media, which could preserve fine high-frequency details of density field.Volumetric data and the ratio of absorption coefficient to scattering coefficient are used to describe the spatial-varying density distribution and optical properties of certain participating media, and a function between the above parameters and captured pixel values is built.Thus the problem of how to find solutions to these parameters is formulated into...     

Revisiting Continental U.S. Hydrologic Change in the Latter Half of the 20th Century

An intensified hydrologic cycle and a large amount of monitoring flow data in the latter half of the 20th century attracted a lot of research on the continental U.S. hydrologic change. However, most previous studies are based on HCDN (Hydro-Climate Data Network) dataset with a period of ~1950s ?1988. This study analyzed hydrologic change in continental U.S. based on MOPEX (international Model Parameter Estimation Experiment) hydrology dataset with a period of ~1950s ?2000 for 302 watersheds (gages) across diverse climate, vegetation and soil conditions. This dataset is more representative of the latter half of the 20th century than HCDN. In contrast with previous studies, this study shows that only 20–30 % of watersheds present increasing trends in flow (streamflow, Q; baseflow, Q_bf; baseflow index, BFI), and most (> 65 %) watersheds presents non-significant trends. Similar to previous studies, the watersheds with increasing trends in Q and Q_bf are concentrated in Midwest and high plain (North-Central area) of USA. Climate contributes more to Q change (61?±?25 % vs. 39?±?25 %) but slightly less to Q_bf change than human activity (49?±?26 % vs. 51?±?26 %) and much less to BFI change than human activity (?5?±?61 % vs. 105?±?61 %). A step change at ~1971 in Q and Q_bf was found for 35–45 % but not for a large proportion of watersheds (50 % or more was reported by previous studies). This study provides new insights on the latter half of the 20th century’s hydrologic cycle for the continental U.S. with a more representative dataset of this period.     

Eliminating Synaptic Ribbons from Rods and Cones Halves the Releasable Vesicle Pool and Slows Down Replenishment

Glutamate release from rod and cone photoreceptor cells involves presynaptic ribbons composed largely of the protein RIBEYE. To examine roles of ribbons in rods and cones, we studied mice in which GCamP3 replaced the B-domain of RIBEYE. We discovered that ribbons were absent from rods and cones of both knock-in mice possessing GCamP3 and conditional RIBEYE knockout mice. The mice lacking ribbons showed reduced temporal resolution and contrast sensitivity assessed with optomotor reflexes. ERG recordings showed 50% reduction in scotopic and photopic b-waves. The readily releasable pool (RRP) of vesicles in rods and cones measured using glutamate transporter anion currents (I_A(glu)) was also halved. We also studied the release from cones by stimulating them optogenetically with ChannelRhodopsin2 (ChR2) while recording postsynaptic currents in horizontal cells. Recovery of the release from paired pulse depression was twofold slower in the rods and cones lacking ribbons. The release from rods at −40 mV in darkness involves regularly spaced multivesicular fusion events. While the regular pattern of release remained in the rods lacking ribbons, the number of vesicles comprising each multivesicular event was halved. Our results support conclusions that synaptic ribbons in rods and cones expand the RRP, speed up vesicle replenishment, and augment some forms of multivesicular release. Slower replenishment and a smaller RRP in photoreceptors lacking ribbons may contribute to diminished temporal frequency responses and weaker contrast sensitivity.     

RFID的近距离通信技术NFC在亚洲和欧洲的发展状况

近距离通信技术NFC由日本的索尼和荷兰的皇家飞利浦电子两家公司共同开发和提案,被纳入世界标准。本文介绍了NFC的原理、NFC论坛的概况、NFC和其他技术的相关性、NFC手机的用途之后总结了NFC技术在日本、亚洲、欧洲的概况,并描述了今后NFC技术的应用动向。     

Epoxy Resin Composite Reinforced with Carbon Fiber and Inorganic Filler: Overview on Preparation and Properties

Among carbon fillers, carbon fiber is considered to be an ideal reinforcement for epoxy because of its outstanding electrical, mechanical, and thermal features. Several inorganic fillers such as zinc oxide, titania, and silica are also used in epoxy matrix for property enhancement. The review initially focuses the preparation methods and physical characteristics of epoxy/carbon fiber composite. Afterward, fabrication and properties of epoxy/zinc oxide/titania/silica composites are also conversed. Moreover, the effect of filler dispersion on polymer properties’ improvement is also highlighted. Epoxy/carbon fiber composites are employed more frequently and effectively in defense-related applications compared with epoxy/inorganic nanofiller composite.