State of polarization changes: Classification and measurement

We propose a standardization procedure that provides a convenient, quantitative and reproducible laboratory-based method for measuring the state of polarization (SOP) fluctuations produced by polarization varying devices. This method is based on the SOP distributions generated by commercial polarization scramblers. We show that these devices generate distributions of the maximum change of the SOP (in a given sample time) that follow Rayleigh statistics, which scale linearly with scrambling frequency and the sample time. We use this procedure to measure the SOP fluctuations in a short length of coiled fiber subject to mechanical perturbations.     

复杂土坝的渗流安全分析评价

根据福华山土坝的渗流观测资料,建立了测压管水位的回归统计模型,定量分析了各影响量(水位分量、时效分量)对测压管水位的影响效应。在此基础上,结合观测资料,采用有限元法反演了大坝各填筑区的渗透系数,并综合评价了大坝的渗流性态。     

无掩模激光干涉光刻技术研究

介绍了一种不用掩模的光刻技术———激光干涉光刻技术的基本原理,给出了干涉光刻技术的主要特点及一些可能的应用,并对实验系统和初步实验结果进行了分析。研究表明,激光干涉光刻具有大视场和分辨率高和视场宽等优点。     

图书馆图书管理系统分析与设计

图书馆作为一个专门收集、整理、保存、传播文献 ,并提供利用的科学、文化、教育机构 ,是人们获取知识的主要来源之一。发展至今已有数千年的历史。然而 ,在信息技术迅速普及的今天 ,越来越多的读者希望通过网络更方便、更快捷地进行图书的查阅、借阅 ,获取自己的所需 ,因此图书馆的信息化建设尤为重要     

Preparation and Application of Active Composite Antibacterial Material Containing Ag~ and Zn~(2 )

1Introduction Harmfulbacteriaexistanywhereintheworldsuchas soil,air,water,surfacesofobjectsandourskins,etc.Thenumberofbacteriumisenormous,withmanydiffer entspecies.Theyhavethreatenedthehealthofhuman beingsseriously.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyand environme…     

Thermodynamic properties and defect structure of semiconducting compound phases: Tin telluride

Defect equilibria for binary semiconducting compound phases which exhibit ionized native donor and acceptor defects were considered, and equations describing the pressure-temperature-composition relationships for these compound phases were derived. These equations were used to analyze experimental data from the literature for tin telluride. Excellent agreement was obtained between calculated thermodynamic and phase boundary values and experimental data. The approach presented is readily extended to obtain equations for the thermodynamic properties of ternary and higher order semiconducting compound phases.     

天然气闭环燃料重整的均质压燃(HCCI)试验研究

氢具有良好的可燃性,可用少量氢作为添加荆来改善天然气的自燃特性.通过试验,对比了天然气和汽油HCCI的性能,利用模拟的重整气验证了天然气加氢的效果,研究了天然气燃料重整实现在线产生氢的可行性,并进行了天然气在线燃料重整产生富氢重整气的闭环试验.试验结果表明,利用再循环的废气进行燃料重整产生富氢重整气是扩展HCCI工作范围和降低NOx排放的切实可行的有效方法.     

Positive reinforcement and 3-dimensional informetrics

We show that the composition of two information production processes (IPPs), where the items of the first IPP are the sources of the second, and where the ranks of the sources in the first IPP agree with the ranks of the sources in the second IPP, yields an IPP which is positively reinforced with respect to the first IPP. This means that the rank-frequency distribution of the composition is the composition of the rank-frequency distribution of the first IPP and an increasing function φ, which is explicitly calculable from the two IPPs' distributions. From the rank-frequency distribution of the composition, we derive its size-frequency distribution in terms of the size-frequency distribution of the first IPP and of the function φ. The paper also relates the concentration of the reinforced IPP to that of the original one. This theory solves part of the problem of the determination of a third IPP from two given ones (so-called three-dimensional informetrics). In this paper we solved the “linear” case, i.e., where the third IPP is the composition of the other two IPPs. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ozonation of CI Reactive Black 5 using rotating packed bed and stirred tank reactor

This study investigates the ozonation of CI Reactive Black 5 (RB5) by using the rotating packed bed (RPB) and completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) as ozone contactors. The RPB, which provides high gravitational force by adjusting the rotational speed, was employed as a novel ozone contactor. The same ozone dosage was separately introduced into either the RPB or the CSTR for the investigation, while the experimental solution was continuously circulated within the apparatus consisting of the RPB and CSTR. The decolorization and mineralization efficiencies of RB5 in the course of ozonation are compared for these two methods. Moreover, the dissolved and off‐gas ozone concentrations were simultaneously monitored for the further analysis. As a result, the ozone mass transfer rate per unit volume of the RPB was significantly higher because of its higher mass transfer coefficient and gas–liquid concentration driving force. Furthermore, ozonation kinetics was found to be independent of the gravitational magnitude of an ozone gas–liquid contactor. Therefore, the results suggest employing RPBs as ozone‐contacting devices with the advantage of volume reduction. The experimental results, which can be used for further modeling of the ozonation process in the RPB, also show the requirement of correct design for the RPB. Consequently, the present study is useful for the understanding of practical application of RPBs. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry