INTERFACE/INTERPHASE ENGINEERING OF POLYMERS FOR ADHESION ENHANCEMENT: PART II. THEORETICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SURFACE-ENGINEERED INTERPHASE-INTERFACE SYSTEMS FOR ADHESION ENHANCEMENT

Part I of this paper reviewed the theoretical principles of the macromolecular design of polymer interface/interphase systems for obtaining maximum adhesion and fracture performance of adhesively bonded assemblies. In Part II a novel, relatively simple and industry-feasible technology for surface-grafting connector molecules is demonstrated and discussed in detail and supported by a range of experimental examples. It is shown, in agreement with contemporary theory, that the use of chemically attached graft chemicals of controlled spatial geometry and chemical functionality enables a significant increase in the strength and fracture energy of the interphase, to the point of cohesive fracture of the substrate, or that of an adjacent medium such as adhesive, elastomer, or other material. This occurs even after prolonged exposure of investigated systems to adverse environments such as hot water.     

全球移动运营商对LTE终端设备的测试方案

正1引言时至今日,移动用户对他们手中终端的性能要求越来越高,特别是那些目前已经广泛使用的智能终端。如果不能满足这些期望和要求,用户很可能感到失望并减少使用手中的终端进行通信业务,甚至考虑更换可以提供更优质终端的移动运营商。这就是移动运营商为何现在如此关注并且投入大量人力物力在终端的品质验证上。     

Minimizing activated carbons production cost

A detailed economic evaluation of activated carbons production process from various raw materials is undertaken using the conventional economic indices (ROI, POT, and NPV). The fundamental factors that affect production cost were taken into account. It is concluded that for an attractive investment in activated carbons production one should select the raw material with the highest product yield, adopt a chemical activation production scheme and should base product price on product-surface area (or more generally on product adsorption capacity for the adsorbate in consideration).A raw material that well meets the above-mentioned criteria is petroleum coke but others are also promising (charcoals, and carbon black). Production cost then can be optimized by determining its minimum value of cost that results from the intercept between the curves of plant capacity and raw material cost – if any. Taking into account the complexity of such a techno-economic analysis, a useful suggestion could be to start the evaluations from a plant capacity corresponding to the break-even point, i. e. the capacity at which income equals production cost.     

Fatty acid profile of traditional soymilk

Soymilk is a water extract of soybeans, closely resembling dairy milk in physical appearance and composition. Most fatty acids in soybean and its derivates are unsaturated, and therefore susceptible to oxidation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of the thermal conditions during the elaboration process of soymilk on its fatty acid profile. For this, the fatty acid composition of soymilk, okara (soymilk residue), and soybean were studied by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). No major differences in the fatty acid patterns were found.     

Antagonistic effect on Listeria monocytogenes and L. innocua of a bacteriocin-like metabolite produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from sucuk

Two Lactobacilli and four Pediococci strains producing bacteriocin-like metabolities isolated from sucuk were tested with agar spot tests and well diffusion assays for their inhibitory activity against 16 Listeria strains, also isolated from sucuk. The production of organic acids and hydrogen peroxide limited, L. sake Lb 706 (used as a bacteriocin producer strain) and the isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) showed inhibitory activity against all of the Listeria strains, while L. sake Lb 706-A (used as a bacteriocin non-producer mutant) had the same effects against only two Listeria monocytogenes strains (51, 52) in agar spot tests. In the well diffusion assays, while L sake Lb 706 and four Pediococci isolates (413, 416, 419, 446) exhibited inhibitory activity against all of the Listeria strains tested, L. sake Lb 706-A and two of the Lactobacilli isolates (77, 116) showed no effect on the Listeria strains tested.     

Nonlinear analysis techniques of block masonry walls in nuclear power plants

Concrete masonry walls have been used extensively in nuclear power plants as non-load bearing partitions serving as pipe supports, fire walls, radiation shielding barriers, and similar heavy construction separations. When subjected to earthquake loads, these walls should maintain their structural integrity. However, some of the walls do not meet design requirements based on working stress allowables. Consequently, utilities have used non-linear analysis techniques, such as the arching theory and the energy balance technique, to qualify such walls. This paper presents a critical review of the applicability of non-linear analysis techniques for both unreinforced and reinforced block masonry walls under seismic loading. These techniques are critically assessed in light of the performance of walls from limited available test data. It is concluded that additional test data are needed to justify the use of nonlinear analysis techniques to qualify block walls in nuclear power plants.     

Theoretical and experimental investigation of pulsed laser grooving process

A theoretical model has been developed for simulating the laser grooving process. It takes into account the interaction among subsequent pulses, the required time for the melting temperature to be reached and the subsequent removal of a finite volume of material during each laser pulse. The model predicts the maximum groove depth that can be achieved for a specified set of process parameters, such as laser power, pulsing frequency, and scanning velocity. The theoretical predictions have been experimentally tested with a medium-power laser beam.     

Non-stationary functional series modeling and analysis of hardware reliability series: a comparative study using rail vehicle interfailure times

A novel reliability modeling and analysis framework based upon the distinct class of non-stationary Functional Series (FS) models is introduced. This framework allows for non-stationary reliability modeling, evolution assessment, analysis (including non-stationarity assessment, dependency assessment, as well as cycle detection), and prediction. The Functional Series framework is used for the modeling and analysis of two rail vehicle reliability series (Times Between Failures, TBFs), while comparisons with alternative (ARIMA, adaptive RARMA–RML, and Bayesian) modeling approaches are also made. The results indicate the advantages and usefulness of the Functional Series framework, as the TBF modeling accuracy is improved, its non-stationarity and serial dependency are established, the presence of cyclic patterns is revealed, and reliability evolution is assessed. It is conjectured that the cycles revealed in the TBF series may be related to maintenance policies. Finally, reliability prediction is shown to be feasible, although the “larger” excursions in the TBF series are difficult to accurately predict.