垂直轴潮流能水轮机不同翼型叶片空化规律

为研究垂直轴水轮机叶片翼型形状对叶片空化的影响,采用数值模拟方法,对相同条件下相同相对厚度不同相对弯度的翼型,以及相同相对弯度不同相对厚度的翼型做了空化仿真。仿真结果表明,相同相对厚度不同相对弯度的薄、厚两种翼型,随着相对弯度增大,空化现象越易出现。相同相对弯度不同相对厚度的对称、相对弯度不为零的两种翼型,随着相对厚度增大,空化现象越易出现。同时监测了不同情况下翼型的升力系数和阻力系数,考虑到空泡的出现对翼型升力和阻力有所影响,将能量转化参数中的升力系数、阻力系数和升阻比与空化性能结合起来讨论。并将翼型按照相对弯度与相对厚度分组,分别探讨了相对弯度和相对厚度对翼型空化的影响规律,翼形相对厚度相同时,相对弯度越大,或者翼形相对弯度相同,相对厚度越大,则更容易空化。     

嵌入式uClinux的Web服务技术

随着Web技术的发展,嵌入式Web服务器技术在远程管理控制方面得到了广泛的应用。远程监控系统很适合应用Web技术,而嵌入式Web服务器技术作为结合了Web技术和现场工作要求特点的一项新技术,是一种很好的解决方案。     

Computed tomographic imaging of the coronary arterial tree-use of local tomography

It has been demonstrated previously (see E.L. Ritman and A.A. Bove, in State of the Art in Quantitative Coronary Arteriography, p.67-78, 1986) that coronary artery anatomy can be visualized using high-speed, volume-scanning X-ray CT (computed tomography). In the current study it is demonstrated that local image reconstruction (i.e. the reconstruction kernel is ~2(+) mm long), as distinct from more conventional global image reconstruction (i.e. 200(+) mm kernel length), has the advantage of reducing the need for operator interactive image processing. In addition, the local reconstruction algorithm eliminates the need for recording the X-ray projection data over the full transaxial extent of the thorax because it requires only the X-ray attenuation data over the region of the heart. This latter aspect reduces the dynamic range requirements for the sensors and could reduce total X-ray exposure.     

Extraction of left-ventricular chamber from 3-D CT images of the heart

A semiautomatic method is described for extracting the volume and shape of the left ventricular (LV) chamber from a dynamic spatial reconstructor cardiac volume. For a given volume, the operator first performs some simple manual edits. Then, an automated stage, which incorporates concepts from 3-D mathematical morphology and technology, the maximum-homogeneity filter, and an adaptive 3-D thresholder, extracts the LV chamber. The method gives more consistent measurements and demands considerably less operator time than manual slice-editing.     

A method for quantitative display of three-dimensional regional myocardial function

The DSR (dynamic spatial reconstructor), a multiple X-ray source scanner that generates stop action three-dimensional (3-D) images of a cylindrical volume, was used for quantitative imaging of left ventricular 3-D wall geometry and function in experimentally induced canine left ventricular myocardial infarction. Impaired regional myocardial function was induced by myocardial ischemia or infarction in four mongrel dogs by closed-chest occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. At intervals of 6-14 weeks post occlusion, the dogs were scanned with the DSR during biatrial contrast injection. The 3-D shape, extent, and function of hypokinetic myocardium was measured from the DSR images utilizing measurement of the rate of local systolic wall thickening to detect regions of normal, ischemic, or scarred myocardium. The results were compared to scar size and anatomic distribution measured at postmortem examination. The anatomic extent and relationship of hypocontractile to normally contracting muscle was visualized by computer generated, pseudo 3-D shaded surface displays of the left ventricular chamber and by topographic projections of regional wall thickening rates onto a map of the left ventricular endocardial surface. The location of myocardial infarction and the surrounding zone of impaired function is clearly defined by this 3-D CT scanning procedure. The display method presented here provides both localization and quantification of the volume of ischemic and infarcted myocardium.     

Determinants of off-road vehicle transmission 'shift quality'

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between factors associated with a tractor transmission shift and the tractor operator's judgement of the quality of the shift. The specific objective was to measure experienced tractor operators' ratings of shift 'acceptability' as peak acceleration, peak jerk and direction of initial acceleration were varied at two levels of background vibration. A six-degree-of-freedom vehicle motion simulator in the Deere & Company Technical Center's human factors laboratory was used to simulate the background vibration and to control the experimental variables. The key results are: (1) The most important factor influencing 'shift quality' is the peak acceleration experienced during the shift. (2) Background vehicle vibration experienced by the tractor operator affects his perception of 'shift quality'. Higher background vibration masks the acceleration experienced during a shift and makes the shift more acceptable than when experienced at a low level of background vibration. (3) Peak jerk experienced during a shift has a negligible effect on 'shift quality'. (4) Upshifts and downshifts of the same peak acceleration, peak jerk, and background vibration receive the same general rating of 'shift quality'.