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1.
Note on B-splines, wavelet scaling functions, and Gabor frames 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Grochenig K. Janssen A.J.E.M. Kaiblinger N. Pfander G.E. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》2003,49(12):3318-3320
Let g be a continuous, compactly supported function on such that the integer translates of g constitute a partition of unity. We show that the Gabor system (g,a,b), with window g and time-shift and frequency-shift parameters a,b>0 has no lower frame bound larger than 0 if b=2,3,... and a>0. In particular, (g,a,b) is not a Gabor frame if g is a continuous, compactly supported wavelet scaling function and if b=2,3,... and a>0. We give an example for our result for the case that g=B/sub 1/, the triangle function supported by [-1,1], by showing pictures of the canonical dual corresponding to (g,a,b) where ab=1/4 and b crosses the lines N=2,3,. 相似文献
2.
The admixture test (A-test) is a popular method for the analysis of linkage data when locus heterogeneity is suspected. It can be applied on pairwise linkage data, multipoint data and even for the simultaneous analysis of data from multiple dispersed candidate regions. However, very little is known about the conditions for the use of the method under these divergent circumstances. By performing analytical evaluations, we demonstrate that the A-test is inconsistent if there is a relationship between the phenotype and the probability of being linked. Biased estimates of the recombination fraction (theta) and the proportion of linked families (alpha) may occur if the actual frequency of linked families is not identical among small and large families. We conclude that the A-test should be used with caution if the phenotype and the probability of developing the phenotype at a certain age cannot be shown to be equal for family members of linked and unlinked families. If dissimilarities in family size cannot be ruled out, the extent of bias should be considered and size specific alpha-values should be used in risk calculations. 相似文献
3.
D. Janssen P. vom Stein 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》1996,380(3):497-504
For applications in nuclear and radiation physics there is an increasing demand for electron beams with superior brightness in the medium energy range. This work presents the injector design for the superconducting accelerator ELBE [1]. The injector consists of a thermionic rf-gun, working at a frequency of 1.3 GHz in cw-mode. The superconducting section is based on the technology established at TESLA [2], modified for cw operation. The accelerator will deliver a 20 MeV beam with an rms energy spread of 10 keV and an average current of up to 1 mA. The normalised transverse emittance remains 1 π mm mrad. The arrangement and operating parameters of the accelerator components were settled by numerical optimization considering longitudinal beam dynamics. The results led to a nonlinear bunching scheme, which compensates the high longitudinal emittance from the thermionic rf-gun. 相似文献
4.
P. Bruelemans P. Janssen K. D. Möller 《Journal of Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves》1996,17(1):51-59
The construction of a Fourier transform spectrometer to study magnetic resonances in solids is described. The spectrometer operates in the Far Infrared (maximum frequency of 500 cm?1) and is based on a wavefront dividing interferometer with circular geometry. To illustrate the performance, a water vapour spectrum is given. 相似文献
5.
A survey of heterosexually active college students gathered information about condom use, self-efficacy (SE), outcome expectancies, sexual attitudes, peer group influences, AIDS knowledge, and a perceived vulnerability to AIDS. On the basis of A. Bandura's (1986) social-cognitive theory, a structural model with SE as the central mediator was formulated and evaluated with LISREL. This model explained 46% of the variance in condom use from judgments of SE and effects attributable to peers and 53% of the variance in SE from outcome expectancies and peer group influences. Sexual attitudes, AIDS knowledge, and perceived vulnerability did not predict condom use. Most students were well-informed about HIV transmission but reported not feeling at risk, even though many engaged in risky sexual behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
6.
J.K.J. vanDuren X. Yang J. Loos C.W.T. Bulle‐Lieuwma A.B. Sieval J.C. Hummelen R.A.J. Janssen 《Advanced functional materials》2004,14(5):425-434
The performance of bulk‐heterojunction solar cells based on a phase‐separated mixture of donor and acceptor materials is known to be critically dependent on the morphology of the active layer. Here we use a combination of techniques to resolve the morphology of spin cast films of poly(p‐phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends in three dimensions on a nanometer scale and relate the results to the performance of the corresponding solar cells. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and depth profiling using dynamic time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS) clearly show that for the two materials used in this study, 1‐(3‐methoxycarbonyl)propyl‐1‐phenyl‐[6,6]‐methanofullerene (PCBM) and poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(3′,7′‐dimethyloctyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene] (MDMO‐PPV), phase separation is not observed up to 50 wt.‐% PCBM. Nanoscale phase separation throughout the film sets in for concentrations of more than 67 wt.‐% PCBM, to give domains of rather pure PCBM in a homogenous matrix of 50:50 wt.‐% MDMO‐PPV/PCBM. Electrical characterization, under illumination and in the dark, of the corresponding photovoltaic devices revealed a strong increase of power conversion efficiency when the phase‐separated network develops, with a sharp increase of the photocurrent and fill factor between 50 and 67 wt.‐% PCBM. As the phase separation sets in, enhanced electron transport and a reduction of bimolecular charge recombination provide the conditions for improved performance. The results are interpreted in terms of a model that proposes a hierarchical build up of two cooperative interpenetrating networks at different length scales. 相似文献
7.
Gijsbert Erkens Jeroen Janssen 《International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning》2008,3(4):447-470
Although protocol analysis can be an important tool for researchers to investigate the process of collaboration and communication,
the use of this method of analysis can be time consuming. Hence, an automatic coding procedure for coding dialogue acts was
developed. This procedure helps to determine the communicative function of messages in online discussions by recognizing discourse
markers and cue phrases in the utterances. Five main communicative functions are distinguished: argumentative, responsive, informative, elicitative, and imperative. A total of 29 different dialogue acts are specified and recognized automatically in collaboration protocols. The reliability
of the automatic coding procedure was determined by comparing automatically coded dialogue acts to hand-coded dialogue acts
by a human rater. The validity of the automatic coding procedure was examined using three different types of analyses. First,
an examination of group differences was used (dialogue acts used by female versus male students). Ideally, the coding procedure
should be able to distinguish between groups who are likely to communicate differently. Second, to examine the validity of
the automatic coding procedure through examination of experimental intervention, the results of the automatic coding procedure
of students, with access to a tool that visualizes the degree of participation of each student, were compared to students
who did not have access to this tool. Finally, the validity of the automatic coding procedure of dialogue acts was examined
using correlation analyses. Results of the automatic coding procedure of dialogue acts of utterances (form) were related to
results of a manual coding procedure of the collaborative activities to which the utterances refer (content). The analyses
presented in this paper indicate promising results concerning the reliability and validity of the automatic coding procedure
for dialogue acts. However, limitations of the procedure were also found and discussed. 相似文献
8.
In this study we investigated changes to horizontal cells in human retinae affected by glaucoma. Glaucoma is characterized by raised intraocular pressure and is responsible for retinal ganglion cell and, possibly, photoreceptor degeneration. It was therefore assumed that horizontal cells might also be affected. The carbocyanine dye DiI was placed at discrete points on fixed, whole-mounted retinae obtained from normal and glaucomatous patients. After allowing 6-24 weeks for intramembranous diffusion within the lipid layers of the nerve cells and, therefore, fluorescent labeling, we measured horizontal cell soma and dendritic field sizes. Selected cells were then embedded in Araldite and cut at 4 microns. Horizontal cells in glaucomatous eyes appeared larger and had a granulated outline as compared with cells from normal retinae. Analysis of the mean cell soma size indicated that cells were 26% larger in the glaucomatous retinae and that this increase was significantly different from that seen in normal retinae (P < 0.05). The dendritic field size was unaffected (P > 0.05). As seen in cross section there was a clear loss of photoreceptor outer segments, and shrunken silhouettes of photoreceptor inner segments with pyknotic nuclei were observed. It is proposed that the increase in some size is indicative of horizontal cell responses that are likely to culminate in degeneration as a result of heightened intraocular pressure. In addition, this paper provides further evidence that photoreceptors are affected by advanced glaucoma. 相似文献
9.
This paper describes the use of an extruder for the plastification process of potato starch with glycerol and water as plasticizers. The influence of both plasticizers is expressed in the water absorption index (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI). The amount of water added prior to extrusion is a tool to protect the starch polymers from degradation and to improve the extruder performance. 相似文献
10.
P.B. Spoor L. Koene W.R. Ter Veen L.J.J. Janssen 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2002,32(1):1-10
The removal of nickel ions from dilute solutions using a process that combines an ion-exchange bed with electrodialysis has been studied. The main aspects include: the concentration of nickel ions in the diluate, the voltage over the cell and the current density distribution along the ion-exchange bed. The current density distribution provides insight into the state of the bed as it is simultaneously loaded with Ni2+ and regenerated with an electric potential difference applied perpendicular to it. A simple model is used to describe the state of the bed and the quantity of nickel removed from it as a function of time. Under specific conditions the precipitation of metal hydroxides is observed in the compartment containing the ion-exchange bed. The results show that hydroxide precipitation is related to the nickel concentration in solution and the electric potential gradient across the bed. 相似文献