This research reports age and gender differences in cardiac reactivity and subjective responses to the induction of autobiographical memories related to anger, fear, sadness, and happiness. Heart rate (HR) and subjective state were assessed at baseline and after the induction of each emotion in 113 individuals (61 men, 52 women; 66% European American, 34% African American) ranging in age from 15 to 88 years (M = 50.0; SD = 20.2). Cardiac reactivity was lower in older individuals; however, for anger and fear, these age effects were significantly more pronounced for the women than the men. There were no gender differences in subjective responses, however, suggesting that the lower cardiac reactivity found among older people is dependent on gender and the specific emotion assessed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Die numerische Berechnung von turbulenten Str?mungen, sei es isotherm oder mit chemischer Reaktion und W?rmefreisetzung, kann
infolge der st?ndigen Fortschritte auf Seiten der Hardware-Entwicklung, auf immer weiteren Anwendungsgebieten eingesetzt werden.
Im vorliegenden Fall handelt es sich um ein Programmpaket (COMPAC-3D), welches für die dreidimensionale Simulation der Str?mung
und W?rmefreisetzung in Dampferzeugerfeuerungen konzipiert wurde. Hierbei kommt ein neuer Gleichungsl?sungs-und Bilanzierungsalgorithmus
zum Einsatz, welcher es gestattet, Parameterstudient mit wesentlich geringerem Rechenzeitaufwand durchzuführen. Dieser Algorithmus
wird im folgenden beschrieben. Anhand eines klassischen Testbeispiels, n?mlich der horizontalen Eindüsung in eine vertikale
Hauptstr?mung, werden die Simulationsergebnisse mit Me?werten und Ergebnissen aus Rechenl?ufen mit dem Programmpaket PHOENICS
verglichen. 相似文献
Obliterative or constrictive bronchiolitis is characterized by narrowing of the small airways, due to submucosal and peribronchiolar fibrosis, with chronic obstruction. The vast majority of cases of bronchiolitis obliterans are associated with other diseases and only few cases are idiopathic. We report on the main computed tomography (CT) methods used study obliterative bronchiolitis, the CT findings and the differential diagnosis with other diseases. The dynamic study of alveolar ventilation with CT uses inspiratory and expiratory CT or high-resolution CT (HRCT), spiral dynamic CT or HRCT with advanced image display, ultrafast CT. In abnormal cases HRCT shows direct and indirect signs of small airways disease. The most common (> 80%) sign of obliterative bronchiolitis is the so-called mosaic oligohemia, with low attenuating lobules, caused by air trapping and best seen on expiratory CT, associated with blood flow redistribution to more normal lobules; this finding simulates the ground-glass pattern from infiltrative lung disease. Differential diagnosis is more difficult in the presence of true ground-glass patterns associated with diffuse bronchiolar obstruction and also with mosaic oligohemia due to pulmonary vascular disease and pulmonary emphysema. HRCT can distinguish these diseases and dynamic CT is more sensitive than functional tests in detecting regional abnormalities and air trapping. The combination of HRCT, rapid volumetric scanning and advanced image display is a powerful tool study the normal and abnormal features of bronchiolar function and alveolar ventilation. 相似文献
For timber the tensile stress perpendicular to the grain is a critical type of stress. The influence of long-term loading, temperature and climate changes upon the tensile strength perpendicular to the grain of timber is shown. The results prove that the greatest loss of strength happened after long-term outdoors loading. While storing under alternating climate conditions, great crepp strains appeared, and it is to be presumed that the damages of wooden components which fail across the grain are less a problem of “tensile stress perpendicular to the grain” than a problem of “strain under tension perpendicular to the grain”. 相似文献
Summary: The influence of number‐average molecular weight ranging from 1.4 · 104 to 1.2 · 106 g/mol on the thermal behaviour of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has been studied. Samples have been prepared by radiation‐induced degradation of commercial PTFE. The molecular weight has been calculated using end‐group concentration determined by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and 19F solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Melting and crystallisation heats were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results have been discussed with respect to quantitative relationships between number‐average molecular weight and heat of crystallisation of PTFE described in the literature. The molecular weight calculated from Suwa's equation, which is often used in the literature, has been found to be too low.
Concentration of end‐groups and the molecular weight of PTFE versus the irradiation dose. 相似文献
Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing - Remanufacturing includes disassembly and reassembly of used products to save natural resources and reduce emissions. While assembly is widely understood in... 相似文献
Agroindustrial by-products are an abundant source of biocompounds that contain valuable nutrients, which are not exploited. In this work, lignocellulosic wastes (LW) were used in submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) by Aspergillus niger NRRL3 to obtain valuable enzymes required in industries. SmF using soya bean hulls (SH), wheat bran (WB) and a by-product of wheat flour (F) produced the highest activities of endo-1,4-β-xylanase (Xyl) and endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase (EG) being at least 3 times lower than those obtained by SSF. The highest ratio of Xyl to EG was obtained in SmF with F. Xyl obtained by SmF with WB was the most thermally resistant. The enzymatic extract obtained in SmF using SH presented a high power of saccharification. The production of enzymes for further application such as bioethanol generation process revalue these LW and can help offset growing environmental problems. 相似文献