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1.
The gamma-ray-induced crosslinking of polyacrylamide was carried out under various conditions. The molecular weight of the polymer before inrradiation was found to be the most important factor for crosslinking. When polymers have low molecular weights such as 80,000, the intensity of radiation, the external pressure applied, and the water content of the polymer powder became important for crosslinking. Although the polycrylamide hydrogel can be obtained directly by irradiating the monomer, it was obtained more conveniently by the irradiation of monomer—polymer mixtures. The hydrogels obtained by the radiation with a dose of over 50 kgray, absorb water by 1000–1500 wt %. 相似文献
2.
Miguel A. Mazorra-Manzano Ramón Pacheco-Aguilar Juan C. Ramírez-Suárez Guillermina Garcia-Sanchez María E. Lugo-Sánchez 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2012,5(1):130-137
A fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) from Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) muscle was produced by autolysis of a minced homogenate (8% protein) at pH 7.0 and 60°C, where maximum endogenous proteolytic
activity was detected. FPH production was controlled by the pH stat method, yielding a 4.43% degree of hydrolysis after 1 h
of autolysis. Upon autolytic processing, 28.9 ± 0.7% of the total protein was found in the soluble fraction. FPH was 100%
soluble at pH 7.0 and 10.0 and was less soluble at pH 4 (82.5%, P ≤ 0.05). FPH showed better emulsifying properties than sodium caseinate (SCA) at pH 4.0 (P ≤ 0.05), but had a lower foaming capacity (P ≤ 0.05) than bovine albumin (BSA) at all evaluated pHs. FPH foaming capacity was not affected by pH, however, foam stability
was equal or better than that of BSA, especially at pH 4.0 (P ≤ 0.05). These results suggest the possibility of producing FPH with similar or better functional properties than those of
functional ingredients, such as SCA and BSA. Furthermore, the data presented support our hypothesis that the high proteolytic
activity in Pacific whiting could be used as an advantage in fish protein hydrolysate production or as a processing aid where
protein hydrolysis is required. 相似文献
3.
Santiago A. Pighin Bruno Coco Horacio Troiani Facundo J. Castro Guillermina Urretavizcaya 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(15):7430-7439
This paper presents a comparative study of H2 absorption and desorption in MgH2 milled with NbF5 or NbH0.9. The addition of NbF5 or NbH0.9 greatly improves hydriding and dehydriding kinetics. After 80 h of milling the mixture of MgH2 with 7 mol.% of NbF5 absorbs 60% of its hydrogen capacity at 250 °C in 30 s, whereas the mixture with 7 mol.% of NbH0.9 takes up 48%, and MgH2 milled without additive only absorbs 2%. At the same temperature, hydrogen desorption in the mixture with NbF5 finishes in 10 min, whereas the mixture with NbH0.9 only desorbs 50% of its hydrogen content, and MgH2 without additive practically does not releases hydrogen. The kinetic improvement is attributed to NbH0.9, a phase observed in the hydrogen cycled MgH2 + NbF5 and MgH2 + NbH0.9 materials, either hydrided or dehydrided. The better kinetic performance of the NbF5-added material is attributed to the combination of smaller size and enhanced distribution of NbH0.9 with more favorable microstructural characteristics. The addition of NbF5 also produces the formation of Mg(HxF1-x)2 solid solutions that limit the practically achievable hydrogen storage capacity of the material. These undesired effects are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Solid-phase microextraction liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to determine postharvest fungicides in fruits 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A method to determine five postharvest fungicides (dichloran, flutriafol, o-phenylphenol, prochloraz, tolclofos methyl) in fruits (cherries, lemons, oranges, peaches) has been developed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to liquid chromatography (LC) with photodiode array (DAD), mass spectrometry (MS), or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with ion trap detection. Extraction involved sample homogenization with an acetone/water solution (5:1), filtration, and acetone evaporation prior to fiber extraction. The pesticides were isolated with a fused-silica fiber coated with 50-microm Carbowax/template resin. The effects of pH, ion strength, sample volume, and extraction time were investigated, and their impact on the SPME-LC/MS was studied. Dynamic and static modes of desorption were compared and the variables affecting desorption processes in SPME-LC optimized. Static desorption provided the best recoveries and peak shapes. Recoveries at the limit of quantification (LOQ) levels were between 10% for prochloraz and 60% for o-phenylphenol, with relative standard deviations from 13.6% for prochloraz to 3.1% for o-phenylphenol. The versatility of the method was also exhibited by its excellent linearity in the concentration intervals between 0.0005 and 5 mg kg(-1) for dichloran and 0.01-10 mg kg(-1) for tolclofos methyl and prochloraz. LOQs ranged from 0.25 to 1 microg g(-1) using DAD, from 0.002 to 0.01 microg g(-1) using LC/MS, and from 0.0005 to 0.01 to microg g(-1) using LC/MS/MS. LOQs obtained in the present study using LC/MS and LC/MS/MS are lower than maximum residue limits established for all the fungicides in any matrix studied. The method enables to determine polar pesticides at low-microgram per gram levels in fruits. 相似文献
5.
Yessica S. Ramírez-Fuentes Guillermina Burillo 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2007,265(1):183-186
Binary graft copolymerization of pH sensitive acrylic acid (AAc) and thermosensitive N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomers onto pre-irradiated polypropylene films (PP) was carried out by two individual steps using a Co60 gamma radiation source. The influence of preparation conditions, such as pre-irradiation dose and reaction time on grafting yield was studied. The swelling behavior and FTIR-ATR study for PP films grafted films were investigated. 相似文献
6.
Removal of the endocrine disrupter nonylphenol and its estrogenic activity in sludge treatment processes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The estrogenic compound nonylphenol (NP) is frequently found in sludge from sewage treatment works. Hence, when sewage sludge is spread on the land, endocrine-disrupting compounds may get into the soil. The goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which aerobic mesophilic treatment in continuous reactors permits the removal of NP from sludge and how this process may be useful for treating anaerobically stabilised sludge. We also report on the behaviour of NP during the anaerobic treatment of sludge. The reduction in sludge estrogenic activity observed in the different types of treatment, as measured using estrogen-responsive reporter cells lines (MELN bioassay), was compared with NP removal rates. Under anaerobic conditions, no degradation of NP and its estrogenic activity was observed. Indeed, an accumulation of the compound occurred. In contrast, high removal of NP was achieved in aerobic conditions as well as in aerobic Post-treatment of anaerobically pre-digested sludge, with a concomitant reduction of the sludge's estrogenic potency. 相似文献
7.
Microbiological and Physicochemical Quality Changes in Frankfurters Made from Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas) Mantle Muscle in the Presence and Absence of a Natural Antimicrobial Agent 下载免费PDF全文
8.
Daniela Domanski Guillermina Urretavizcaya Facundo J. Castro Fabiana C. Gennari 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2004,87(11):2020-2024
MgAl2 O4 spinel was successfully synthesized using a mechanochemical route that avoided the formation and calcination of its precursors at high temperatures. The method involved a single step in which γ-Al2 O3 –MgO, AlO(OH)–MgO, and α-Al2 O3 –MgO mixtures were milled at room temperature under air atmosphere. The formation of MgAl2 O4 occurred faster with γ-Al2 O3 than with AlO(OH) or α-Al2 O3 . After 140 h, the mechanochemical treatment of the γ-Al2 O3 –MgO mixture yielded 99% of MgAl2 O4 . 相似文献
9.
Radiation-induced graft polymerization of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl-metacrylate onto low density polyethylene (LDPE) film by
the preirradiation method in presence of air was investigated. The appropriate reaction conditions at which the graft polymerization
was carried out are reported.
Received: 4 December 1996/Revised: 5 March 1997/Accepted: 10 March 1997 相似文献
10.
Emilia Ferrer Elisa Santoni Sauro Vittori Guillermina Font Jordi Mañes Gianni Sagratini 《Food chemistry》2011
A new analytical method, using pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), was developed for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A (BPA), octylphenol (OP) and nonylphenol (NP) in powdered infant formulas (IF) and powdered skimmed milk (PM). The analytes were extracted by PLE, using this optimised conditions: ethyl acetate as solvent, 70 °C of temperature, reversed-phase silica C18 as dispersing agent and three cycles of extraction. The extracts were then injected in LC–MS/MS using a Gemini C18 column and a mixture of 5% water and 95% methanol/acetonitrile, both with 0.1% ammonia, as a mobile phase. Recoveries at different fortification levels (0.5 and 0.05 mg kg−1), were between 89% and 92% for BPA, 84 and 98% for OP, and 93% and 101% for NP. The method was applied to the analysis of samples of PM and IF, bought in Italian and Spanish markets. In positive samples, phenols concentration ranged from 0.07 to 1.29 mg kg−1 for BPA, from 0.028 to 1.55 mg kg−1 for OP and from 0.026 to 1.47 mg kg−1 for NP. 相似文献