資源環境の保全をめざした二次副産材を導入するコンクリ一ト材料の発展的利用に関する研究

日本では,21世紀半ばに人工の固体物質の代表である解体コンクリート塊の排出量がピークを迎えると同時に,最終処分が困難になる状況が想定されていることから,コンクリート材料の完全資源型の利活用要求はより一層高まるといえる.本研究は,副産微粉,再生骨材などの二次副産材を積極的に混和し,同一産地*種類型の調合条件のもとで,コンクリートの物性改善,資源有効利活用を目的としたコンクリートを製造し,その基礎的物性の評価と環境影響評価を行い,環境保全に資するコンクリート材料の発展的利用のあり方を検討した.     

粘弹性流体旋转流实验研究

利用粒子图像测速仪(PIV)对圆筒形容器内有自由表面变形的粘弹性流体旋转流动进行了实验研究.旋转流动由等速旋转的容器底面来驱动.实验工质为CTAC(十六烷基三甲基氯化铵界面活性剂)水溶液.测量了水、40×10-6、60×10-6和200×10-6CTAC水溶液在弗鲁德数为2.59至16.3范围内的旋转流动.PIV用来测量子午面内的二次流场,并从PIV图像中抽取自由面高度.结果表明在相似的弗鲁德数下,相比于水流CTAC水溶液旋转流动自由表面中心处的凹陷深度降低,随着溶液浓度或粘弹性升高,子午面内右上角的惯性涡被压缩且强度变得越来越弱.通过与水流动比较并做力平衡分析,定量估算了CTAC水溶液的第一正应力差或弱粘弹性.     

Phase Relations in the System MgO-V2O3-VO2 at 1200°C

Phase relations in the quasi-ternary system MgO-V₂O₃-VO₂ at 1200°C were studied using the quenching technique under controlled O₂ atmospheres. A new phase of a type z VO _y Mg_{2− x} V_{1+ x} O₄ (0< x <1, y ≥1.5, z >0) was found with a compositional region along the MgV₂O₄-Mg₂VO₄ join. Equilibrium P _{O 2} observed for Mg_{2− x} V_{1+ x} O₄ is quite different from that for V _n O_{2 n -1} with an equal ratio of V³⁺/V⁴⁺, corresponding to the V³⁺ stabilities in two types of compounds. Thus, the phase relations in the ternary system were constructed on a conventional triaxial diagram as a function of P _O2.     

表面活性剂水溶液弹性湍流特性实验研究

弹性湍流是本世纪初发现的一种新的流动现象,发生在具有弯曲流线的粘弹性流体低雷诺数流态下,对其发生机理和特性的认识还很匮乏.利用传统的二维低速粒子成像测速仪和高速动态粒子成像测速仪(PIV)实验研究了自由面旋转流中的弹性湍流的统计特性.对PIV测得的低雷诺数表面活性剂(十六烷基三甲基氯化铵)溶液粘弹性流体旋转流中水平面和子午面内的速度场进行了流型观测.结果表明实验测量的弹性湍流以大涡运动为特征,表现出在时间上随机而在空间上光滑的特性.     

长沙水利枢纽工程蓄水前湘江长沙段水质评价

对湘江长沙段6个断面进行水质监测,用长沙水利枢纽工程施工前制定的水质标准评价后,发现其中大部分断面水质指标均符合相应标准,在平水期COD均超出标准,部分断面超标1.0～2.5倍,而丰水期TP质量浓度普遍较高,最高达到0.62mg/L,同时期铅、砷浓度均未超标,而枯水期镉在上游段超标1.15倍。研究表明,湘江长沙段仍存在污染问题,且该流域各污染物浓度与湘江水位关系密切,但整体水质未见恶化,工程建设对其影响不大,工程运营后该段水体富营养化污染的风险变大。     

A possibility for new evaluating method of cytotoxicity by using heat shock protein assay

To determine whether heat shock proteins can be utilized as a biomarker for cytotoxicity of dental materials the induction of synthesis of heat shock proteins by mercuric chloride was examined. To analyse the synthesis of heat shock proteins, HeLa cells were labelled with [35S] methionine, and the labelled proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and autoradiographed. Incubation of the cells in a medium containing 1.25 to 40 M mercuric chloride markedly increased the synthesis of HSP70. At 20 or 40 M mercuric chloride in medium, HeLa cells synthesized HSP70 at 2 h after exposure, maximally at 4–7 h, and gradually diminished thereafter. Examination of the cytotoxicity of mercuric chloride by the conventional neutral red uptake assay revealed a reduction of uptake of the dye in the presence of mercuric chloride at 40 M and above. These findings suggest that the induction of synthesis of HSP70 is one of the most sensitive cellular responses caused by mercury ion, and the heat shock protein assay can be utilized for evaluation of the cytotoxicity of dental materials.     

单原子尺度的场电子发射实践

Realization of highly coherent electron emitter has been one of the most attractive requisites for the development of noble electron optics.There are several methods to enhance the coherency[1,2].     

世界的日本建筑

本文探讨了“什么是日本建筑？”的问题。随着时间的推移,它是如何在国际背景中演变的？日本建筑是 否仅仅根据其建筑师和建造商的国籍身份、语言或种族来定义？日本建筑是否可以通过对日本地域的特殊性和日 本文化的独特感性来定义？换而言之,日本建筑是由其设计师和创作者,还是由它们所建造的土地来定义的？它 是一种可以超越国界的建筑风格吗？或者更简明地说,从古至今在日本本土建造的所有建筑物构成了日本建筑全 貌吗？日本建筑的形象,是否终究暧昧不明,只能是一种深藏在内里的暗默？ ? ? 对于这些问题,确实给不出唯一的答案,但也许我们可以通过随着时间的推移而日益增多的表达和观点来一 窥究竟。这些表达和观点不仅来自日本本土,也包括来自海外的各种物理介质与精神感知。作为场所表达的世界 博览会以及各类展览、出版物、建筑作品等这些媒介和节点都清晰地勾勒出了日本建筑的思想、表现与变化不息。 ? ? 本文通过有关日本建筑的国际博览会、出版物和展览中的“初期认知”,建筑师中的“赋予影响和灵感的星座”, 日本、意大利和其他国家之间的“建筑与乌托邦”概念以及“当代轨迹”等主题,对日本建筑进行了深入探讨。     

Performance analysis for power generating system by using matrix method

We verified that the matrix method, a process analysis method used mainly for life cycle inventory analysis, has several advantages in the analysis of power systems, which have recently become more complex to enhance efficiency and to reduce CO 2 emissions. While designing a conceptual thermodynamic model of a complex power system, the matrix method provides a definite procedure and facilitates calculations, even if there is a recursive loop between the upstream and downstream processes. Similarly, in the c...     

A method for estimating spatial resolution of real image in the Fourier domain

Spatial resolution is a fundamental parameter in structural sciences. In crystallography, the resolution is determined from the detection limit of high‐angle diffraction in reciprocal space. In electron microscopy, correlation in the Fourier domain is used for estimating the resolution. In this paper, we report a method for estimating the spatial resolution of real images from a logarithmic intensity plot in the Fourier domain. The logarithmic intensity plots of test images indicated that the full width at half maximum of a Gaussian point spread function can be estimated from the images. The spatial resolution of imaging X‐ray microtomography using Fresnel zone‐plate optics was also estimated with this method. A cross section of a test object visualized with the imaging microtomography indicated that square‐wave patterns up to 120‐nm pitch were resolved. The logarithmic intensity plot was calculated from a tomographic cross section of brain tissue. The full width at half maximum of the point spread function estimated from the plot coincided with the resolution determined from the test object. These results indicated that the logarithmic intensity plot in the Fourier domain provides an alternative measure of the spatial resolution without explicitly defining a noise criterion.