Darstellung komplexer Betriebsschlacken des LD-Verfahrens im Quasidreistoffsystem

Aus der Darstellung der Schlackenzusammensetzungen im Quasidreistoffsystem ist die Lage der Schlacken zur Kalksättigungslinie deutlich zu erkennen. Die Sublanzenschlacken lassen den Schlackenweg während der letzten Blasminuten erkennen, durch Bodenspülung und Nachspülen wird eine geringe Annäherung an die Kalksättigungslinie erreicht. Aus der Lage der Schlacken im Quasidreistoffsystem läßt sich der Einfluß der Temperatur auf den Verlauf der Kalksättigung entlang unterschiedlicher T-X-Schnitte bestimmen.     

Electron-beam treatment of aromatic hydrocarbons that can be air-stripped from contaminated groundwater. 2. Gas-phase studies

The electron-beam (EB) degradation of volatile aromatics (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes: BTEX) in groundwater strip gas, which in the present work has been modeled by the introduction of the desired aromatic(s) to a stream of air or another gas, such as oxygen, is initiated essentially by the addition of *OH radicals to the aromatic ring, giving rise to hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals, which form the corresponding peroxyl radicals upon addition of oxygen. As studied in some detail with benzene as a BTEX representative, various reactions of these lead to numerous oxidation products in a cascade of reactions, including the decomposition of products under the prevailing conditions of high turnover of the initial aromatic. Importantly, hydroxycyclohexadienylperoxyl radical formation is partly reversible, and the reactions of the hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals, which thus have a significant presence in these systems, must therefore also be taken into consideration. In the gas phase, in contrast to the aqueous phase (see Part 1), the reactions of the hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals lead to oligomeric products that appear to contribute, in addition to ionic clusters, to nucleation for the aerosols observed. Various nitrated products, among them nitrophenols, are observed when air is used for the stripping. However, these studies did not clear the pilot plant stage, since BTEX degradation using a bioreactor carried out in parallel was so successful that the EB technology was judged to be noncompetitive. As for the latter, expensive equipment consisting of a stripper, the EB machine, and an aerosol precipitator would be required. The condensed aerosols are biorefractory and would require further treatment for detoxification.     

Water-based coatings for automotive refinishing

A water-borne basecoat system for vehicle refinishes is presented. The system consists of pigment concentrates called mixing bases and a mixing clear. The basecoat paints show a VOC level of less than 420 g/l. The paints can be applied by high volume low pressure spray guns, an equipment that guarantees very low overspray. The rheological behaviour of these basecoats is controlled by the use of thixotropic silicate. The chemical base of the mixing clear and the mixing bases is a special set of polyurethane resins, which enable an excellent orientation of the metallic pigments and favourable grinding properties for high hiding power. The synthesis of the polyurethane resin of the mixing bases is described in an ester process as an alternative to the well-known ketone process. This basecoat system is commercialized under the trade name of Glasurit^® as 90 Line.     

WCDMA基站的直接上变频方案具有低噪声和理想的ACPR特性

直接上变频是实现发射机架构的最经济有效的方法,也是基站设计中最重要的规范。I/Q调制器的载噪比是WCDMA技术中最关键的参数。TRF3702I/Q调制器在保持优异的ACPR(邻信道功率比)性能的情况下,提供带有容限的载噪性能。本文将详细介绍单载波及多载波WCDMA基站中,对模拟正交调制器载噪比的相关技术要求。在发射机系统中采用直接上变频架构,可以降低系统成本,因为它可以降低系统复杂程度与组件数。图1为WCDMA直接上变频架构图。与双变频发射机不同,直接上变频无需中频信号发生器、中频合成器(PLL/VCO)、中频-射频混频器以及SAW滤…     

Beitrag zu den Schmelzgleichgewichten der Eisen-Aluminium- und Eisen-Phosphor-Legierungen

Überprüfung der Schmelzgleichgewichte der Systeme Eisen–Aluminium und Eisen–Phosphor mit Hilfe der thermischen Analyse und durch Halteversuche. Überarbeitung der Zustandsschaubilder. Angabe des Verlaufs der Liquidus- und Soliduslinien und der Konzentrationen der Dreiphasengleichgewichte in den Zweistoffsystemen.     

Improved compressed sensing reconstruction for $$^{19}$$ F magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), compressed sensing (CS) enables the reconstruction of undersampled sparse data sets. Thus,...     

Identification of potential areas for biomass production in China: Discussion of a recent approach and future challenges

A standard methodology is needed to recognize potentially suitable areas for sustainable bioenergy crop production. This facilitates better identification of promising crops and cropping systems, logistical and economic studies, and work needed to meet regulatory criteria. A possible approach is built upon three layers of internationally available spatial data: (1) degrading and abandoned areas, (2) potentially suitable land cover classes, (3) exclusion zones such as nature reserves and areas of high biodiversity. For China, areas identified as potentially suitable range from 1.2 to 6.0% of the national territory, depending on different levels of statistical confidence in degrading area status and allowable limits of terrestrial carbon. Verification on the ground showed that about 60% of points tested conformed to the remote suitability assessment in the scenario, which represents the results for the combination of all degrading areas and a terrestrial carbon stock limit of 200 t ha⁻¹. A top-down approach is useful in framing potentially suitable locations, but a complementary bottom-up analysis is still required to ultimately identify areas for sustainable bio-fuel production.     

Configuration interaction calculations of positron binding to molecular oxides and hydrides and its effect on spectroscopic constants

Ab initio multireference single- and double-excitation configuration interaction (MRD-CI) calculations have been carried out for magnesium oxide (MgO) and lithium oxide (LiO) and their positronic complexes. These results are compared with previous theoretical data obtained earlier for beryllium oxide (BeO) and the series of alkali hydrides with and without an additional positron. Potential curves have been constructed for each of the systems, MgO, e⁺MgO, LiO and e⁺LiO. Positron affinities (PAs) of 0.472 eV and 0.304 eV, respectively, have been computed for the ground states of MgO and LiO. Because of the relatively low ionization potential of the Li atom, it is found that the dissociation limit in the latter case is Li⁺ + PsO (Oe⁺e⁻), whereas it is Mg + e⁺O in the former case, in close analogy to what has been found for e⁺BeO. Significant changes in bond lengths, vibrational frequencies and dissociation energies are indicated as a result of binding a positron to each of these oxides as well as to the alkali hydrides studied earlier. The general trend observed is toward increased bond length and decreased frequency as a result of attaching a positron to these systems in their various low-lying electronic states.     

Intramyocardial Inflammation after COVID-19 Vaccination: An Endomyocardial Biopsy-Proven Case Series

Myocarditis in response to COVID-19 vaccination has been reported since early 2021. In particular, young male individuals have been identified to exhibit an increased risk of myocardial inflammation following the administration of mRNA-based vaccines. Even though the first epidemiological analyses and numerous case reports investigated potential relationships, endomyocardial biopsy (EMB)-proven cases are limited. Here, we present a comprehensive histopathological analysis of EMBs from 15 patients with reduced ejection fraction (LVEF = 30 (14–39)%) and the clinical suspicion of myocarditis following vaccination with Comirnaty^® (Pfizer-BioNTech) (n = 11), Vaxzevria^® (AstraZenica) (n = 2) and Janssen^® (Johnson & Johnson) (n = 2). Immunohistochemical EMB analyses reveal myocardial inflammation in 14 of 15 patients, with the histopathological diagnosis of active myocarditis according the Dallas criteria (n = 2), severe giant cell myocarditis (n = 2) and inflammatory cardiomyopathy (n = 10). Importantly, infectious causes have been excluded in all patients. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been detected sparsely on cardiomyocytes of nine patients, and differential analysis of inflammatory markers such as CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells suggests that the inflammatory response triggered by the vaccine may be of autoimmunological origin. Although a definitive causal relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and the occurrence of myocardial inflammation cannot be demonstrated in this study, data suggest a temporal connection. The expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein within the heart and the dominance of CD4⁺ lymphocytic infiltrates indicate an autoimmunological response to the vaccination.