The bioremediation was employed to treat perchlorate-contaminated water. All enrichments and growth of mixed cultures were performed in anaerobic acetate medium. Enrichment cultures were started with activated sludge obtained from a local wastewater treatment plant where it predominantly treats domestic wastewater. Several parameters affecting perchlorate removal were examined through batch experiments, these include the amount of domesticated sludge, the acetate concentration, pH, the C/N ratio and the reaction temperature. The results indicated that acetate was an effective carbon source and electron donor. Under the selected conditions, namely 1.0 g domesticated sludge, an acetate concentration of 1.2 g l(-1), pH 8.0, a C/N ratio of 20 at 40 degrees C, 50 mg l(-1) perchlorate could be rapidly reduced to non-detectable levels within 24 h. 相似文献
Total lipid contents, fatty acid compositions, phenolic profiles and antioxidants activities of seeds from Thapsia garganica, Orlaya maritima, and Retama raetam were investigated. The oil values were more than 26 %, except seeds of R. raetam (ca. 3 %). Unsaturated fatty acids accounted for the majority of the fatty acids (more than 75 %). Oleic and linoleic acid were the predominant fatty acids. Total phenolic compounds (24–104 mg GAE g?1 DR), total flavonoids (4–102 mg QE g?1g DR), total tannins (28–85 mg GAE g?1 DR) and condensed tannins (0.62–131 mg CE g?1 DR) were also determined. The antioxidant activities using different assays were evaluated. The predominant detected classes were the phenolic acids (42–85 %) and the flavonoids (11–48 %). The major phenolic acids were caffeic, trans‐4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxycinnamic, p‐coumaric, and gallic acid. The predominant flavonoids were quercetin, luteolin, naringin, apigenin, and kaempferol. This study brings attention to the medicinal importance of these species as a source of oil and antioxidant molecules. 相似文献
This work aims to study the thermal behavior of basic-geopolymers derived from metakaolin (clay). The geopolymers were characterized by different techniques: thermal analysis (DTA, TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and impedance spectroscopy. Some physicochemical properties of the products were also determined: the phases obtained after geopolymer heat treatment and their electrical properties. The results obtained after drying and heat treatment showed that the products kept their initial shapes, but revealed variable colors depending on the temperatures at which they were treated. The products obtained are amorphous between 300 up to 600 °C with peaks relating to the presence of nanocrystallites of muscovites and zeolite, thus at 900 °C it is quite amorphous but only contains nanocrystallites of muscovites. From the temperature of 950 °C, we notice that the geopolymer has been transformed into a crystalline compound predominated by the Nepheline (NaAlSiO4) with the presence of a crystalline phase by minor peaks of Muscovite, this crystalline character has been increased at 1100 °C to obtain a whole phase crystalline of a Nepheline. The treatment of this geopolymer for one hour at 1200 °C shows an amorphous phase again corresponding to corundum (α-Al2O3). This indicates that the dissolution of the grains by the liquid phase induces the conversion of the material structure from sialate [–Si–O–Al–O] to sialate siloxo [–Si–O–Al–O–Si–O–] and the formation of a new crystalline phase (α-Al2O3). This development of sialate to sialate-siloxo was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. As mentioned above, from 300 to 900 °C, Na-sialate geopolymer exhibits the same disorder structure of nepheline. The crystal structure of nepheline is characterized by layers of six-membered tetrahedral rings of exclusively oval conformation. The rings are built by Regularly alternating tetrahedral AlO4 and SiO4. Stacking the layer’s parallel to the c axis gives a three-dimensional network containing channels occupied by Na cations. This topology favors easy movement of Na+ ions throughout the structure. For this reason, ionic migration in nepheline is widely reported. The refinement of Na-Sialate geopolymer at room temperature gives bulk high ionic conductivity of about 5 × 10?5 S cm?1 and this is due to the probable joint contribution of H+ and Na+ ions. Above 200 °C, Na+ seems to remain the only charge carrier with a low activation energy of about Ea?=?0.26 eV. At higher temperatures, the characteristic frequencies become so close that it is impossible to distinguish the contributions. A total resistance comprising both grain and grain boundaries contribution is then determined.
The Mw of a Lactobacillus sakei intracellular esterase, determined by gel filtration, was compared to those obtained from SDS-PAGE or MALDI-TOF, pointing to a dimeric structure. Its N-terminal sequence and peptide mass fingerprint suggest that it is the putative LSA044 protein from L. sakei 23K genome. 相似文献
In this paper we introduce a new security architecture and security mechanisms for vehicular networks providing a layer-2
multi-hop authentication and credential delivery scheme between vehicles and the network operator authentication server. We
present a performance analysis of the proposed solution under various vehicles and Access Points (APs) densities, showing
the potential of our scheme in providing a more efficient, robust and scalable authentication and credential delivery to vehicles
when compared against the classical single-hop scheme. 相似文献
Spores of Bacillus sporothermodurans are known to be contaminant of dairy products and to be extremely heat-resistant. The induction of endospore germination before a heat treatment could be an efficient method to inactivate these bacteria and ensure milk stability. In this study, the nutrient-induced germination of B. sporothermodurans LTIS27 spores was studied. Testing the effect of 23 nutrient elements to trigger an important germination rate of B. sporothermodurans spores, only d-glucose, l-alanine, and inosine were considered as strong independent germinants. Both inosine and l-alanine play major roles as co-germinants with several other amino acids. A central composite experimental design with three factors (l-alanine, d-glucose, and temperature) using response surface methodology was used to optimize the nutrient-induced germination. The optimal rate of nutrient-induced germination (100%) of B. sporothermodurans spores was obtained after incubation of spore for 60 min at 35 °C in presence of 9 and 60 mM of d-glucose and l-alanine, respectively. The results in this study can help to predict the effect of environmental factors and nutrients on spore germination, which will be beneficial for screening of B. sporothermodurans in milk after induction their germination. Moreover, the chosen method of optimization of the nutrient-induced germination was efficient in finding the optimum values of three factors. 相似文献
ABSTRACTWith the aggressive scaling of integrated circuit technology, parametric estimation is a critical task for designers who looked for solutions to the challenges of some Nanoscale CMOS parameters. This paper presented the prediction of primary parameters of CMOS transistor for 16 nm to 10 nm process nodes using both of Bisquare Weights (BW) method and a novel recursive least squares (RLS) parameter estimation algorithm. The proposed RLS algorithm consists of the minimisation of a quadratic criterion relating to the prediction error in order to attain the best estimated parameters of the developed mathematical model. The obtained results thanks to the proposed RLS algorithm were better than those reached using the BW method. Comparisons between Predictive Technology Model (PTM) data and parameters estimated with RLS algorithm were made to check the validity and the consistency of the proposed algorithm. These predicted primary parameters were helpful to estimate and to optimise the performances of the Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) which was a basic circuit element with a key role in the design of new upcoming receivers. 相似文献
Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques - Internet services and web-based applications are used in important and sensitive areas such as e-commerce, e-learning, e-health care, and... 相似文献