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排序方式: 共有103条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Lithium-ion batteries are becoming more and more important not only for portable electronic devices, but also in prevision of high power electric vehicles. In such an optic, deep studies regarding all the components of a secondary battery are in development. In this study, high voltage cathode materials have been selected. Crystals with spinel structure have a 3D vacancy pathway suitable for Li-ions transport. The material under study was LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 doped with magnesium replacing the nickel. Various samples were synthesized via three different routes: a solid-state method, a modified sol–gel method and a xerogel method. The structure and morphology of the powders were analyzed with HRTEM and XRD. Electrochemical tests were also performed. A wide range of particle sizes (from micro to nanosize) was the result of the different synthesis routes. Unfortunately pure materials were not always obtained. The electrochemical tests showed improvement of the material's cyclability, by reducing the particle size. The electrochemical tests further confirmed the existence of a Li1+dMn2−dO4 impurity. The results are quite promising, however, further improvement of the purity of the electrode composition are needed. 相似文献
2.
The two main proteic constituents of the human Apo-bile lipoprotein complex (BLC), i.e., the anionic polypeptide fraction
(APF) and the IgA fragments, were separated by preparative zonal ultracentrifugation using a sucrose gradient containing 1.5
mM glycodesoxycholate. The purification of the APF was verified by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
and immunology, and its amino acid composition then was determined. This procedure was used to obtain a polyclonal antiserum
directed solely against the APF. 相似文献
3.
X Calvet M Navarro M Gil A Lafont I Sanfeliu E Brullet R Campo B Dalmau E Rivero P Mas 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,93(12):2501-2507
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and epidemiological factors associated with the appearance of peptic ulcer in patients with cirrhosis and, in particular, the role of Helicobacter pylori infection. METHODS: A total of 201 of 220 consecutive patients included in a prospective study that aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary intervention on cirrhotic complications and survival underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. At entry, an epidemiological and clinical questionnaire was completed and the presence of peptic ulcer disease or esophageal varices at endoscopy was prospectively collected. Sera were obtained and stored at -70 degrees C until analyzed, being tested afterward for Helicobacter pylori antibodies using a commercial ELISA kit. RESULTS: Eleven of 201 patients had borderline anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG titers and were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining 190 patients, point prevalence of peptic ulcer was 10.5% and lifetime prevalence 24.7%. Multivariate analysis selected male sex (OR 2.3; 95%CI 1.09-4.89) and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity (OR: 1.7, 95%CI 1.02-2.81) as the variables independently related to peptic ulcer disease. CONCLUSIONS: Male sex and seropositivity for Helicobacter pylori are the major risk factors for peptic ulcer in cirrhosis. 相似文献
4.
The phospholipids present in the intestinal lumen of rats following ingestion of triglycerides are of biliary origin. They consist of lecithins accompanied by a small proportion of lysolecithins. Their behavior in comparison with the other lipid constituents of the intestinal content was studied by subjecting the latter to gel filtration on an agarose column in the presence of a solution of 6 mM sodium taurocholate in 0.1 M NaCl. Part of the phospholipids is present with the triglycerides and diglycerides in the emulsified phase excluded from the gel where pancreatic lipase and colipase also are found. The remainder is found in optically clear fractions containing fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts. These fractions are eluted at 2.0 column volumes, while mixed fatty acids, monoglycerides, bile salts micelles emerge from the column at 2.4 column volumes in the same chromatographic conditions. This difference in behavior may be explained by the presence of biliary lecithins. This presence could have an important bearing upon the mucosal uptake of the lipolysis products of triglycerides. 相似文献
5.
Ionic liquids (ILs) are typically molten salts at temperatures lower than 100 °C. Because of their thermal and electrochemical properties, they are good candidates to replace the state-of-the-art electrolytes used in today's Li-ion batteries. These commercial batteries often suffer from hazards caused by possible misuse. Elevated voltages and high temperatures usually lead to electrolyte degradation due to parasitic reactions with the electrodes leading to gas (mainly CO2) evolution and may then eventually catch fire. Also, ILs are able to dissolve various gas molecules, making it possible to prevent a built-up of an overpressure inside the battery in case of undesired gas evolution. In this work, CO2 storage in two different ionic liquids, i.e. PYR14TFSI and [BMIm][BF4] is studied with regard to their respective Li-salt. Mixtures of ILs plus different concentrations of CO2 were made. Phase diagrams of the pressure vs. temperature of the systems “liquid + vapour” to liquid transitions are drawn. Data points from 1.5 bar to 70 bar are collected with a Cailletet apparatus. Both of the ILs show good CO2 dissolution ability; an increase of the temperature leads to an increase of the pressure needed to dissolve similar amounts of CO2. The presence of a Li-salt hampers gas storage, particularly for PYR14TFSI. A model based on the Langmuir adsorption theory is used to describe the solubility of the CO2 in [BMIm][BF4]. The PYR14TFSI IL does not obey the Langmuir-like solubility behaviour. Hence, the solubility then is described by the formation of discrete bonds between the CO2 and the solvent, similarly to the concept of adspecies and surface sites. 相似文献
6.
A Lafont E Durand F Vilde C Moreyra S Drechsel SS Mirshahi M Mirshahi C Guérot P Lemarchand 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,9(18):2795-2800
Thrombosis represents a major issue during arterial local delivery. We evaluated the occurrence of thrombosis after adenovirus (Ad)-mediated gene transfer into normal and atherosclerotic arteries. A replication-deficient Ad vector expressing the beta-galactosidase reporter gene (Ad.RSV betagal; 4 x 10(9) PFU) was injected into normal and atherosclerotic arteries (n = 11 in both groups). The contralateral artery received either an Ad vector carrying no transgene (Ad.MLPnull) (n = 7 in both groups, 4 x 10(9) PFU) or vehicle buffer (n = 4 in normal group, n = 8 in atherosclerotic group). Animals were sacrificed 3 days following gene transfer for thrombus detection and assessment of beta-galactosidase activity. Thrombus was absent in normal arteries and in atherosclerotic arteries injected with vehicle buffer only. In contrast, nonocclusive thrombus was present in atherosclerotic arteries injected with either Ad.RSV betagal (5 of 11) or Ad.MLPnull (3 of 7). Beta-galactosidase activity was predominantly found in the endothelial layer of the transfected arteries. Gene transfer and expression occurred despite the presence of the thrombus (4 of 5), and its efficiency did not significantly differ regardless of the thrombus. We conclude that thrombus frequently occurred in atherosclerotic arteries after Ad-mediated gene transfer. Further studies are warranted to identify the mechanisms of thrombus generation after Ad-mediated gene transfer into atherosclerotic arteries. 相似文献
7.
An in vivo study was performed using rats with the purpose of comparing the absorption of native biliary and purified phosphatidylcholines.
The latter were purified from bile and solubilized in the form of mixed micelles of bile saltsphosphatidylcholines-cholesterol.
The animals all bore bile duct diversions, and were divided into two groups: one had a normal pancreatic secretion while in
the other group the pancreatic duct was ligated. Animals with normal pancreatic secretion showed comparable rates of absorption
of micellar and biliary phosphatidylcholines. In the absence of normal pancreatic secretion, the rate of absorption of biliary
phosphatidylcholines was unchanged, whereas that of micellar phosphatidylcholines markedly decreased. The results are consistent
with the concept that some billary phosphatidylcholines are absorbed independently of pancreatic secretion in an unhydrolyzed
form. 相似文献
8.
Salowa Methnani Jean-Paul Gauthier Frederic Lafont 《International journal of control》2013,86(4):822-833
In this article, we propose a general methodology for identifying and reconstructing sensor faults on dynamical processes. This methodology is issued from the general identification theory developed in the previous papers (Busvelle, E., and Gauthier, J.-P. (2003), ‘On Determining Unknown Functions in Differential Systems, with an Application to Biological Reactor’, ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations, 9, 509–553; Busvelle, E., and Gauthier, J.-P. (2004), ‘New Results on Identifiability of Nonlinear Systems’, in 2nd Symposium on Systems, Structure and Control, Oaxaca, Mexico; Busvelle, E., and Gauthier, J.-P. (2005), ‘Observation and Identification Tools for Non Linear Systems. Application to a Fluid Catalytic Cracker’, International Journal of Control, 78, 208–234): in fact, this identification theory also provides a general framework for the problem of ‘observability with unknown inputs’. Indeed, many problems of fault detection can be formulated as such observability problems, the (eventually additive) faults being just considered as unknown inputs. Our application to ‘sensor fault detection’ for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) constitutes an ideal academic context to apply the theory: first, in this 3-5 case (3 sensors, 5 states), the theory applies generically and, second, any system is naturally under the ‘observability canonical form’ required to apply the basic high-gain observer from Gauthier and Kupka (Gauthier, J.-P., and Kupka, I. (1994), ‘Observability and Observers for Nonlinear Systems’, SIAM Journal on Control, 32, 975–994). A simulation study on the Bleesbrük WWTP is proposed to show the effectiveness of this approach. 相似文献
9.
10.
Huguette Labelle 《Information Technology for Development》2013,19(2):67-72
Abstract This paper explores the linkages between the rapidly‐evolving and expanding multi‐faceted sector of telecommunications and the concept of sustainable development. It illustrates how the achievement of more sustainable, equitable forms of human development relies increasingly upon the acquisition of information and knowledge. Modern telecommunications, encompassing a converging spectrum of technologies, makes possible the generation of knowledge and the transfer, uptake and adaptation of know‐how ‐ by providing access to essential information and giving people the means to manage and manipulate it. The role of the International Telecommunication Union in telecommunications development is reviewed and a number of priorities are suggested with a view to the fuller integration of telecommunications in the development process. 相似文献