Genes Identification,Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Analysis of Laccases from Amylostereum areolatum Provides Molecular Basis of Laccase Bound to Lignin

An obligate mutualistic relationship exists between the fungus Amylostereum areolatum and woodwasp Sirex noctilio. The fungus digests lignin in the host pine, providing essential nutrients for the growing woodwasp larvae. However, the functional properties of this symbiosis are poorly described. In this study, we identified, cloned, and characterized 14 laccase genes from A. areolatum. These genes encoded proteins of 508 to 529 amino acids and contained three typical copper-oxidase domains, necessary to confer laccase activity. Besides, we performed molecular docking and dynamics simulation of the laccase proteins in complex with lignin compounds (monomers, dimers, trimers, and tetramers). AaLac2, AaLac3, AaLac6, AaLac8, and AaLac10 were found that had low binding energies with all lignin model compounds tested and three of them could maintain stability when binding to these compounds. Among these complexes, amino acid residues ALA, GLN, LEU, PHE, PRO, and SER were commonly present. Our study reveals the molecular basis of A. areolatum laccases interacting with lignin, which is essential for understanding how the fungus provides nutrients to S. noctilio. These findings might also provide guidance for the control of S. noctilio by informing the design of enzyme mutants that could reduce the efficiency of lignin degradation.     

Advanced Surface of Fibrous Activated Carbon Immobilized with FeO/TiO2 for Photocatalytic Evolution of Hydrogen under Visible Light

FeO-doped TiO₂ nanoparticle photocatalysts were immobilized onto the surface of fibrous activated carbon (ACF) via a sol-gel process. As an adsorbent and photocatalyst, FeO-TiO₂ on immobilized ACFs (FeO-TiO₂/ACF) greatly improved the photocatalysis rate of hydrogen production as compared with pure TiO₂ and ACF-TiO₂ under UV irradiation and visible light. The addition of ACFs surface significantly reduced the photogenerated pairs of electrons-hole recombination, thereby promoting the photocatalysis action of doped photo-metal oxides of FeO-TiO₂. Co-doping of FeO onto the lattice of the TiO₂ approach can improve the absorption activity of visible light through photo-metal oxide of TiO₂ and further enhance hydrogen production under visible light. The photocatalytic fabrics (FeO-TiO₂/ACF) were effortlessly split out from the experimental solution for re-utilization and exhibited high stability even after five complete regeneration cycles.     

智能动态网络资源分配系统

通过对解决GSM移动通信网络热点区域话务拥塞问题的研究，提出了利用可控功分器实现智能动态网络资源的分配，解决不同种类的话务拥塞问题，并着重讨论了该系统目前的成功运用及前景。     

SQL的现状及其研究与发展

一、SQL简介 如果说七十年代关系数据库还处于研制实验阶段,那么到了八十年代大量关系数据库商用产品的面市几乎占据了整个数据库市场,其中的原因在于它们使用了统一的语言界面,那就是,SQL成为了关系数据库的通用语言。 1974年．IBM公司San Jose研究实验室的D．D．Chamberlin在开发SEQUEL-XRM原型时提出了SE-QUEL(Structured English Query Language),1976年又修改成为SEQUEL／2．也就是目前的SQL(StructuredQuer Language)。SEQUEL／2主要成形于IBM的Sys-tem R原型中[2],并在原有基础上大加扩展,其后逐渐完善并最终成为一种完备的结构化数据库查询语言。     

中国珠宝销售的可持续发展

通过对改革开放20多年来中国珠宝业发展的回顾与分析, 认为在激烈的市场竞争中, 珠宝业要达到可持续发展必须具备6个要素: (1)敬业精神; (2)信用意识; (3)创新意识和创新能力; (4)激励机制和团队精神; (5)资本营运和资源整合能力; (6)关系营销技巧.     

Abrasive wear of dental composite resins

Abrasive wear is a major problem in the application of dental composite resins. In this study the friction and wear behaviours of two types of dental composites: one containing relatively coarse filler particles and some microfillers (Estilux) and another containing only microfiller particles (Durafill), have been investigated by using a scratch testing machine. Experimental results show that the coefficients of friction in both composites are essentially constant for applied loads up to 20 N. The wear resistance of Durafill is better than Estilux. Under the same testing conditions, the size, shape and distribution of the filler particles are more important variables than applied load and sliding speed in controlling the wear mechanism. It is shown that for Estilux, plastic ploughing by the diamond indenter is the predominant mechanism. For Durafill, however, the formation and propagation of tensile cracks on the worn surface is the main wear mechanism. The effects of two different indenters, diamond and enamel, on the basic wear mechanisms are also discussed.     

一种生成p元统一序列的快速算法

p元统一序列是近期提出的一种具有理想自相关性能的多元序列,但是原有的生成方法比较复杂,不好实现。这里提出了一种快速生成p元统一序列的算法,该算法借助m序列的和序列作基础序列,和相应内部序列的移位序列可以快速生成任何长度的p元统一序列,比以往的生成方法简单易行且易于理解。     

In situ SEM studies on the effects of particulate reinforcement on fatigue crack growth mechanism of aluminium-based metal-matrix composite

The effects of particulate reinforcement on the fatigue behaviour and fatigue mechanisms of two 6061 aluminium-based metal-matrix composites (MMCs) in three different heattreatment conditions were studied in situ with a scanning electron microscope and compared to the unreinforced alloy in the as-received condition. It was observed that the fatigue properties of the MMCs were influenced by the ceramic particles in two ways: firstly the particles increased the fatigue stress intensity threshold mainly by crack-deflection and crack-closure mechanisms, and secondly, the particles raised the fatigue crack growth rates in the Paris region by providing an easy crack path. The effect of ageing was small on the fatigue stress intensity threshold of MMCs, but for the peak-aged MMCs the fatigue crack growth rates in the Paris region were faster. The mechanism of fatigue crack growth was largely associated with the matrix/particle interface and the linkage with subcracks initiated ahead of the main crack at high applied stress intensity factors.