Effect of high hydrostatic pressure pretreatment on flavour and physicochemical properties of freeze-dried carambola slices

Ripe carambolas are hard to store and transport, while freeze-dried ones are easy to store. However, its long production time leads to higher costs. This study shows that high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment could shorten the freeze-drying time of carambola slices. After HHP treatment (25–250 MPa), the drying time of the fresh sample can be shortened by 33.3–44.4% and the distribution of water and pigment in tissues is much uniform. With the increment of the pressure, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate are increased. At 250 MPa, the total phenolic content (TPC) increased from 11.34 to 13.36 mg GAE g⁻¹, and the total flavonoid content (TFC) of the control sample was increased from 10.77 to 12.73 mg RE g⁻¹. Compared with the untreated sample, HHP treatment can enhance the flavour and shorten the freeze-drying time. This work guides the application of HHP technology for drying food processing.     

Removal of imidacloprid and acetamiprid from tea infusions by microfiltration membrane

Removal of imidacloprid and acetamiprid in tea infusions by microfiltration membrane using dead‐end model was investigated in the present study. The results showed that microfiltration significantly promoted the removal of both pesticides (P < 0.05) in tea infusions. Furthermore, the extent of removal was strongly influenced by the pore size of membrane, operational pressure and the concentrations of tea infusions. The initial concentration of imidacloprid and acetamiprid showed no significant effect on their removal rates. The maximum removal rates were 79.7% for imidacloprid and 81.9% acetamiprid. The changes in major chemical components of tea infusions after microfiltration were evaluated. The results indicated that microfiltration caused no considerable changes in total polyphenols and total free amino acids, and small but statistically significant losses (6.3–18.0%) of eight catechins and three methylxanthines when filtration volume reached to 200 mL. The present study validated the application of microfiltration as a potentially feasible and promising method for the removal of imidacloprid and acetamiprid residues from tea infusions.     

Cyclic thermal shock resistance of h-BN composite ceramics with La2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 addition

The effects of La₂O₃–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ addition on the thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), Young's modulus and cyclic thermal shock resistance of hot-pressed h-BN composite ceramics were investigated. The samples were heated to 1000 °C and then quenched to room temperature with 1–50 cycles, and the residual flexural strength was used to evaluate cyclic thermal shock resistance. h-BN composite ceramics containing 10 vol% La₂O₃–Al₂O₃ and 20 vol% SiO₂ addition exhibited the highest flexural strength, thermal conductivity and relatively low CTE, which were beneficial to the excellent thermal shock resistance. In addition, the viscous amorphous phase of ternary La₂O₃–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ system could accommodate and relax thermal stress contributing to the high thermal shock resistance. Therefore, the residual flexural strength still maintained the value of 234.3 MPa (86.9% of initial strength) after 50 cycles of thermal shock.     

PSO优化多核RVM的模拟电路故障预测

针对模拟电路健康管理的特点，提出了一种基于PSO优化多核RVM的模拟电路故障预测方法。利用参数分析得到电路的输出频域响应作为特征，计算其与电路无故障标准响应的欧氏距离来表征电路元件健康值，将多个核函数线性组合，并用PSO优化多核RVM参数后的模型实现对各个时间点元件的健康值变化轨迹进行预测。仿真结果表明，该方法在小样本情况下，预测效果优于单一核函数的RVM模型，适用于健康管理中实时预测，具有较好的实用性。     

Enhanced relative permittivity in niobium and europium co-doped TiO2 ceramics

The appearance of colossal permittivity materials broadened the choice of materials for energy-storage applications. In this work, colossal permittivity in ceramics of TiO₂ co-doped with niobium and europium ions ((Eu_0.5Nb_0.5)_xTi_1-xO₂ ceramics) was reported. A large permittivity (ε_r ～ 2.01?×?10⁵) and a low dielectric loss (tanδ ～ 0.095) were observed for (Eu_0.5Nb_0.5)_xTi_1-xO₂ (x?=?1%) ceramics at 1?kHz. Moreover, two significant relaxations were observed in the temperature dependence of dielectric properties for (Eu, Nb) co-doped TiO₂ ceramics, which originated from defect dipoles and electron hopping, respectively. The low dielectric loss and high relative permittivity were ascribed to the electron-pinned defect-dipoles and electrons hopping. The (Eu_0.5Nb_0.5)_xTi_1-xO₂ ceramic with great colossal permittivity is one of the most promising candidates for high-energy density storage applications.     

Transparent niobate glass-ceramics for optical limiting

The construction of nonlinear optical materials featuring asymmetric transmission of light is of great technological importance for various applications, including optical switching and optical power limiting. A significant challenge is the scalable fabrication of material candidates with good photochemical stability, high optical transmittance, and excellent optical limiting performance. Here, we present a nanocrystallization avenue for constructing hybrid optical limiting materials that exhibit ultrafast and robust optical limiting performance. The experimental results show that the controllable relaxation of a niobate glass may lead to the clustering of Nb-O units and contracting of the bandgap. It results in the notable improvement in nonlinear optical properties, including the enhanced saturation irradiance (380 GW/cm²), doubly increased nonlinear coefficient, and decreased limiting threshold (200 GW/cm²). Our results suggest a promising material that exhibits promising applications for protecting eyes and sensitive components from laser-induced damage.     

Applications and Technologies of All-Solid State Blue Laser

1 Introduction Along with the matureness of laser diode (LD) manufacturing technology, the performance of LD has been improved greatly since 1980s, so various kinds of laser devices based on LD have been developed rapidly, especially the all-solid state lasers. After early experiments and researches, the all-solid state lasers have been commercialized successfully.     

一种新颖的基于非压缩数字视频的水印盲检测算法

数字水印是一种嵌入到多媒体数据中用来进行版权标识的工具。在众多的宿主媒体中，数字视频因具有隐藏容量大、透明性好、鲁棒性强等诸多优点而受到日益广泛的关注。但是很多文献中提到的视频水印都是从数据流中提取单帧图像进行处理，这类算法与静态图像的水印方法如出一辙，没有充分利用视频文件的各种特性。而且对帧平均、视频压缩等常见的运动图像攻击方法十分敏感。针对这些问题，本文以非压缩视频文件为实验对象，结合人类视觉模型和彩色图像场景分割的方法，提出并实现了一种基于视频时间轴的数字水印盲检测算法。实验结果表明算法有效实用。     

应用于生物医学的光声光谱技术的改进和实验研究

改进的光声光谱归一化技术，避免了普通的分光法归一化光声光谱技术中分束镜以及锁相放大器动态范围的影响和限制，实现宽光谱范围内准确的光谱测量。氙灯光源功率起伏用修正项修正，误差在5％以内，实现各次实验数据的可比性。     

可再生烟气脱硫吸收剂及工艺研究

开发了一种新型可再生烟气脱硫吸收剂、解吸助剂及工艺。合成的吸收剂LDS对烟气中的SOx 具有良好的吸收和解吸能力 ,烟气中SOx 含量在 10 0 0～ 5 0 0 0 0 μg L范围内 ,脱硫率均可达 95 %以上 ;解吸助剂LDS A能有效提高主吸收剂LDS的解吸能力 ,提高单位吸收剂的吸收效率。试验表明 :该工艺脱硫率高 ,烟气净化效果好 ,与传统的烟气脱硫工艺相比 ,SOx 可回收利用 ,不产生二次污染