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Cognitive radio has attracted considerable attention as an enabling technology for addressing the problem of radio frequency shortages. In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), secondary users (SUs) are allowed to opportunistically utilize the licensed spectrum bands of primary users (PUs) when these bands are temporarily unused. Thus, SUs should monitor the licensed spectrum bands to detect any PU signal. According to the sensing outcomes, SUs should vacate the spectrum bands or may use them. Generally, the spectrum sensing accuracy depends on the sensing time which influences the overall throughput of SUs. That is, there is a fundamental tradeoff between the spectrum sensing time and the achievable throughput of SUs. To determine the optimal sensing time and improve the throughput of SUs, considerable efforts have been expended under the saturated traffic and ideal channel assumptions. However, these assumptions are hardly valid in practical CRNs. In this paper, we provide the framework of an 802.11-based medium access control for CRNs, and we analyze this framework to find the optimal spectrum sensing time under the saturated and unsaturated traffic condition. Through simulation, the proposed analytic model is verified and the fundamental problem of the sensing-throughput tradeoff for CRNs is investigated. 相似文献
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Among modified Poly(propylene)s (PPs) grafted with polar monomers, PP grafted with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) is known to be the most efficient compatibilizer for PP/clay nanocomposites, since it provides well-dispersed nanostructures
and yields optimal physical properties of the nanocomposites. One drawback of this material, however, is that it becomes brittle
and its viscosity decreases drastically, leading to nanocomposites with low toughness as the graft degree of MAH increases.
Therefore, there is a limitation to increasing both stiffness and toughness of PP/clay nanocomposites with PP-g-MAH. In this study, we investigated the performance of a PP grafted with maleic anhydride and styrene (PP-g-MAH-St) as compatibilizers in PP/clay nanocomposites. It was found that the incorporation of styrene as a comonomer prevents
molecular weight reduction of the PP main chain upon high loading of a radical initiator for high graft degree of MAH. The
compatibilizers (PP-g-MAH-St) thus obtained show good compatibilizing performance in PP/clay nanocomposites. The PP/clay nanocomposites compatibilized
by PP-g-MAH-St show both high stiffness and toughness, which is accomplished by using a compatibilizer of higher viscosity compared
with PP-g-MAH. 相似文献
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The cation-exchange property of oxidatively treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is newly reported. Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), which were oxidatively treated, were immobilized on a glassy carbon surface and, on this CNT-modified electrode, Cu(II) ions were spontaneously adsorbed and their redox waves electrochemically measured. It is suggested that the adsorption of the cationic Cu(II) ions occurs by their electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged carboxylic anions on the CNTs after the ion-exchange with protons. The surface coverage of the adsorbed Cu(II) ions depending on the dipping time, the amount of immobilized CNTs, and the Cu(II) concentration was estimated from the electrochemical chronocoulometric measurements. The effect of the ionic strength on the adsorption of the Cu(II) ions was investigated and the adsorption strengths of various alkali metal cations and protons were compared. It is hoped that this new cation-exchange property of CNT-modified electrodes may extend their range of electrochemical applications. 相似文献
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COX-free hydrogen production from ammonia decomposition in a membrane reactor (MR) for PEM fuel cells was studied using a commercial chemical process simulator, Aspen HYSYS®. With process simulation models validated by previously reported kinetics and experimental data, the effect of key operating parameters such as H2 permeance, He sweep gas flow, and operating temperature was investigated to compare the performance of an MR and a conventional packed-bed reactor (PBR). Higher ammonia conversions and H2 yields were obtained in an MR than ones in a PBR. It was also found that He sweep gas flow was favorable for XNH3 enhancement in an MR with a critical value (5 kmol h-1), above which no further effect was observed. A higher H2 permeance led to an increased H2 yield and H2 yield enhancement in an MR with the reverse effect of operating temperature on the enhancement. In addition, lower operating temperature resulted in higher XNH3 enhancement and H2 yield enhancement as well as NG cost savings in a MR compared to a conventional PBR. 相似文献
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A recent trend in the luxury industry shows many companies using brand extension strategies to leverage their assets among competitors. Despite the popularity of brand extensions, limited research has been conducted to determine its effectiveness when using parent product brands in order to introduce new service brands. Thus, the primary purpose of this study is to propose the framework to increase the understanding of luxury brand extensions by focusing on the horizontal category brand extension from product to service. The impact of perceived quality, brand association and brand loyalty of the luxury car brand on consumers’ perception and attitude toward the rental car service brand was observed to differentiate from other research that focuses on brand extension within product categories. A total of 324 samples were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling with AMOS. The brand association of the parent brand showed a significant impact on the evaluation of the extended service brand. In addition, a high level of the brand association was also found to influence the final purchase decision of the extended service brand. However, this study could not find any significant effect of perceived quality and brand loyalty for the parent product brand on the extended service brand. The framework proposed in this study has merit to increase the understanding of service brand extensions by exploring luxury car brands and luxury rental car brands. In the service brand extension, there was a gap in consumer perception between the product brand and the extended service brand. In order to maximize the positive impact of the parent brand, marketers and retailers should investigate the different roles of the brand equity items. 相似文献
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Avinash Kadam Jang Jiseon Lim Seong-Rin Lee Dae Sung 《Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering》2020,54(4):655-663
Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering - The eco-friendly adsorptive removal of Congo red (CR) from aqueous medium using Fe3O4/chitosan nanocomposites was investigated. The nanocomposites... 相似文献
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Seongju Ha Nam Hun Park Hyeonkyeong Kim Jiseon Shin Jungseok Choi Sungmin Park Ji-Yun Moon Kwanbyung Chae Jeil Jung Jae-Hyun Lee Youngdong Yoo Ji-Yong Park Kwang Jun Ahn Dong-Il Yeom 《光:科学与应用(英文版)》2021,10(2):176-185
Twisted bilayer graphene(tBLG)has received substantial attention in various research fields due to its unconventional physical properties originating from Moire superlattices.The electronic band structure in tBLG modified by interlayer interactions enables the emergence of low-energy van Hove singularities in the density of states,allowing the observation of intriguing features such as increased optical conductivity and photocurrent at visible or near-infrared wavelengths.Here,we show that the third-order optical nonlinearity can be considerably modified depending on the stacking angle in tBLG.The third-harmonic generation(THG)efficiency is found to significantly increase when the energy gap at the van Hove singularity matches the three-photon resonance of incident light.Further study on electrically tuneable optical nonlinearity reveals that the gate-controlled THG enhancement varies with the twist angle in tBLG,resulting in a THG enhanced up to 60 times compared to neutral monolayer graphene.Our results prove that the twist angle opens up a new way to control and increase the optical nonlinearity.of tBLG,,suggesting rotation-induced tuneable nonlinear optics in stacked two-dimensional material systems. 相似文献
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Jinseong Jeon Dr. Hunho Jo Jin Her Hyungjun Youn Jonghoon Park Jihoon Jo Jiseon Lee Dr. Chulhun L. Chang Dr. Changill Ban 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2019,20(17):2236-2240
The soluble interleukin-2 receptor α (sIL-2Rα) is a broad indicator of clinical disease activity in various inflammatory diseases. Here we have developed, for the first time, a rapid, washing-free colorimetric aptasensor based on a sIL-2Rα aptamer (Kd=1.33 nm ). The aptasensor was fabricated with Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) adsorbing sIL-2Rα aptamers. On addition of sIL-2Rα, the aptamers become desorbed from the AuNPs, and this in turn weakens the absorption corresponding to AuNP-catalyzed oxidation of ortho-phenylenediamine (oPD) with H2O2. The aptasensor was characterized by TEM imaging, ζ potential measurements, dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, and UV/Vis spectrometry, followed by further optimization. The fabricated sensor exhibited great analytical performance, with a linear range of 1 to 100 nm and a detection limit of 1 nm both in buffer and in spiked human serum within 25 min. Other proteins, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), IL-17Rα, IL-5Rα, IL-13Rα2, and CD166, showed negligible effects on the aptasensor. Thanks to the great advantages of the aptamers and AuNPs, this aptasensor provides a rapid, simple, and inexpensive process that might offer insights into various diagnostic applications of sIL-2Rα. 相似文献
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Lee Jiseon Kwak Eunji Kim Hyo-Tae Jo Yeon-Ji Choi Mi-Jung 《Food science and biotechnology》2023,32(11):1515-1529
Food Science and Biotechnology - The aim of this study is to formulate a stable water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) double emulsion using different types of oils and electrolytes. W1/O was formulated... 相似文献
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