Heat Gelling Properties of Hen's Egg Yolk Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) in the Presence of Other Protein

Ovalbumin (OV), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (Lys) were added to egg yolk low density lipoprotein (LDL) and the heat-induced gel formation of LDL-protein mixture was studied. The gel formation of LDL-protein mixture was different between the acidic and alkaline pH region; fine stable gels were formed in the alkaline pH region, but weak paste-like gels were formed in the acidic pH region. The effect of added BSA or OV on the gel strength of LDL was much larger than that of Lys. Scanning electron micrographic observation showed that the microstructures of both LDL-BSA and LDL-OV gels were more uniform than that of LDL-Lys gel.     

Advanced resonant ultrasound spectroscopy for measuring anisotropic elastic constants of thin films

This paper presents an advanced resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) method to determine the elastic constants C_ij of thin films. Polycrystalline thin films often exhibit elastic anisotropy between the film growth direction and the in‐plane direction, and they macroscopically show five independent elastic constants. Because all of the C_ij of a deposited thin film affect the mechanical resonance frequencies of the film/substrate layer specimen, measuring resonance frequencies enables one to determine the C_ij of the film with known density, dimensions and the C_ij of the substrate. Resonance frequencies have to be measured accurately because of low sensitivity of the C_ij of films to them. We achieved this by a piezoelectric tripod. Mode identification has to be made unambiguously. We made this measuring displacement–amplitude distributions on the resonated specimen surface by laser Doppler interferometry. We applied our technique to copper thin film and diamond thin film. They show elastic anisotropy and the C_ij smaller than bulk values of C_ij. Micromechanics calculations indicate the presence of incohesive bonded regions.     

Computed tomographic evaluation of gas hole formation and structural quality in Gouda‐type cheese

Computed tomography (CT) was performed on Gouda‐type cheese during ripening to evaluate gas hole formation and structural quality. The cheese was exposed to different ripening conditions, including variations in ripening temperature and concentration of butyric acid bacteria. Computed tomography images were obtained every 2 weeks for 16 weeks to assess the volume, shape and location of gas holes. The results demonstrate that CT makes the nondestructive monitoring of cheese gas hole formation and evaluation of the structural features of cheese possible throughout the ripening period.     

污水处理排放水对小流量河流水体生态的影响

针对日本国鬼怒河流域小流量河流,通过对河床上附着生物膜的组成、底栖生物、细菌活性分析和AGP试验,研究了污水厂二级处理排放水对小流量河流生态的影响.研究表明,当污水厂二级处理排放水占河流流量比例较大时(研究河流所占比例为35%),同样会引发河流富营养化和影响河流水体的生态.因此,从保护水环境及其生态考虑,有必要对污水进行深度处理.     

Present Status of the Nd:YAG Thomson Scattering System Development for Time Evolution Measurement of Plasma Profile on Heliotron J

A new high repetition rate Nd:YAG Thomson scattering system is developed for the Heliotron J helical device.A main purpose of installing the new system is the temporal evolution measurement of a plasma profile for improved confinement physics such as the edge transport barrier (H-mode) or the internal transport barrier of the helical plasma.The system has 25 spatial points with ～10mm resolution.Two high repetition Nd:YAG lasers (>550mJ@ 50Hz) realize the measurement of the time evolution of the plasma profile with ～10ms time intervals.Scattered light is collected by a large concave mirror (D=800 mm,f/2.25) with a solid angle of ～100 mstr and transferred to interference filter polychromators by optical fiber bundles in a staircase form.The signal is amplified by newly designed fast preamplifiers with DC and AC output,which reduces the low frequency background noise.The signals are digitized with a multi-event QDC,fast gated integrators.The data acquisition is performed by a VME-based system operated by the CINOS.     

洗浴废水回用处理的水质控制研究

采用混凝-沉淀-过滤-消毒处理工艺处理洗浴排水，在水温10℃时，主要控制指标浊度、COD、BOD5和ABS平均平除率分别为98.1%，95.2%，93.3%和68.2%，出水水质完全满足中水控制指标要求，试验中发现出水浊度与COD和BOD5有着很好的相关性，可以出水浊度监测COD和BOD5指标，使运行管理简便、结果完全可靠。     

FLOW IN AGITATED THIN FILM HORIZONTAL EVAPORATOR

Abstract

We made a theoretical analysis for an axial flow of a working liquid of low viscosity without concern for the thermal effects. Variables studied were rotational speed of wiping blades, volumetric flow rate and viscosity.

When the viscosity is low, theoretical values are in proper accord with experimental ones. As a result, we can say that the residence time and the effective area for heat transfer are able to be controlled (when the viscosity is low) by selecting the rotational speed.