Phase equilibria in the Ta-Co-O and Nb-Co-O systems have been studied at 1200°C at oxygen partial pressures from 10−0.68 to 10−13.50 atm for the former and from 10−0.68 to 10−13.30 atm for the latter. In both systems, M2CoO6 and M2Co4O9 are stable ternary compounds under the experimental conditions, and a new phase, Nb5Co2O14, has been identified. The Ta-Co-O system is simple, whereas the Nb-Co-O system is somewhat more complicated because of the extra phase. The lattice constants of the ternary compounds have been determined and compared with previous values. The standard Gibbs energies of reactions have been determined using oxygen partial pressures in equilibrium with three solid phases. 相似文献
In this paper, a new ACR (automatic current regulator) scheme is introduced for brushless DC motors. It consists of a model closely resembling the motor and PWM inverter, an assumed rising pattern of the current, and a parameter estimation. Using the control scheme, the mean value of the motor current is kept at the reference current, and the transient current of the motor is kept equal to the rising pattern. For the disturbance, because of DC-line voltage change, the proportional path from the error to the duty cycle of the PWM signal stabilizes the ACR. This ACR scheme can be realized with a microcomputer 相似文献
A ten-user truly asynchronous gigabit coherent-optical-code-division-multiple-access (OCDMA) transmission was experimentally demonstrated without using any timing coordination. The enabling technologies are a record-length 511-chip superstructured-fiber-Bragg-grating (SSFBG) en/decoder and a supercontinuum (SC)-based optical-thresholding technique to significantly suppress the signal interference beat noise as well as the multiple-access-interference (MAI) noise. 相似文献
We observed change in distance between two droplets in each step after application of large multi-step shear strains. Experiments were performed using a sliding plate apparatus. Large step shear strains were applied to two polyisobutylene droplets in poly(dimethyl siloxane) matrix in the same plane between the plates. The distance between the two droplets decreases with increasing the total shear strain, which is given by the product of the step strain magnitude and the number of application of the step strains. The two droplets coalesce when the distance becomes less than the diameter of the droplets. The slope for plots of the distance versus the total strain is independent of the step strain magnitude. This indicates that the effect per unit strain on the distance is the same, irrespective of the strain magnitude. It is suggested that a stronger hydrodynamic interaction between the droplets is the main cause for the droplet approach. 相似文献
A high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x with strong pinning force has allowed stable magnetic suspension with no control to be developed. Two types of superconducting magnetic bearings (SMB) using YBCO and permanent magnet were assembled. The two types are radial and axial. The dynamic stiffness of each SMB as it was cooled down under a magnetic field by liquid nitrogen was measured both radially and axially. As a result, it was found that the spring constants of these SMBs were almost as large as a practically desirable value; however, their damping coefficients were lower than the practical level. These findings are useful as one of the data bases for development of an optimum SMB design to support the weight of rotors in an axial direction. 相似文献
Summary Polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) withtert-butyllithium (t-C4H9Li) in toluene in the presence of aluminum alkoxides such as ethoxide,tert-butoxide and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide, were examined at various Al/Li ratios. In the cases of ethoxide andtert-butoxide, predominantly isotactic polymers with broad molecular weight distribution were obtained. Combinations oft-C4H9Li and bis(2,6-ditert-butylphenoxy)methylaluminum [MeAl(ODBP)2] were found to be an efficient initiating system for heterotactic polymerization of MMA, which gives PMMA rich in heterotactic triads up to 68% with narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn=1.09–1.17). End group analysis by1H NMR indicated thatt-C4H9Li initiates the polymerization and MeAl(ODBP)2 works as a stereospecific modifier. From stereosequence analysis of the heterotactic PMMA by13C NMR, it was found that the calculated pentad fractions from the first-order Markovian statistics (Pm/r=0.742, Pr/m=0.627) fitted the observed ones better than those from Bernoullian statistics. The glass transition temperature of the heterotactic PMMA was 13°C lower than that of syndiotactic PMMA, and the intrinsic viscosity in tetrahydrofuran was close to that of isotactic PMMA with a similar molecular weight but higher than that of syndiotactic PMMA. 相似文献
We have investigated the IR reflectional properties of the three-hold cytrogical surface layer (kutchikura layer on silicate layer n(SiO2) on silicate cellulose layer C6H10SixOy) and that of chlorophyll, a(C55H72MgN4O5) etc., present in bladder's cells by using our experimental method. From analysis of three set of anisotropical reflection spectra assigned as due to CO, SiO and NC surface oscillators contained in the cytrogical cells and measured at 2500 2200 cm?1, 1200 700 cm?1 and at 700 200 cm?1 regions, we have confirmed some important results. One is their quantized directional distributions that of the numbers of fine step spectrum and that of the reflection integrals of these spectra. Here, that of the NC oscillators were found to distribute in pentagonal directions relating to the molecular structure of chlorophyll. Second, we confirmed the pecularity of eight fine step-series measured in these sensitive spectra comparing with that of bamboo's seven series. Third, from analysis of the stepnized variation of the “reflection integrals”, we estimated the origin of this effect as which is presumably due to statistical, transfer of the 2p4 valence electrons etc. in the oxygen atoms from C=O, Si=O double bonding side upto the shallower quantized states, E(N,J) which were formed softly around the and surface oscillators. And these surface oscillators were confirmed as to make photo-chemical reaction process by receiving energy higher than ~24 m eV especially under the illumination of sunshine etc. 相似文献
Sn-incorporated folded sheets mesoporous materials (Sn-FSM-16) with various contents of Sn were synthesized by using a mixture of water glass, SnCl4 and NaOH as starting materials. Hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride (surfactant) was used to intercalate into the layered silicate. The reaction process was followed by measurements of XRD patterns of intermediates. The Sn-FSM-16 was formed via the following mechanism: (1) layered silicates such as - - and -Na2Si2O5 were formed as intermediates by the calcination of the mixture of the starting materials; (2) the surfactant was intercalated into the layered silicates; (3) the surfactant-silicate complex with hexagonal structure was obtained as a precursor of Sn-FSM-16; (4) the precursor was calcined to decompose the surfactant in the interlayer and was changed to Sn-FSM-16. The structural aspect of Sn in Sn-FSM-16 was studied by XPS profiles of Sn 3d5/2 and Si2p, 29 Si MAS NMR and FTIR. The content of Sn in Sn-FSM increased with increasing concentrations of both Sn and NaOH in the starting materials. The surface area of Sn-FSM-16 decreased with an increase of Sn content in Sn-FSM (1160–620 m2/g). 相似文献
Summary: Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) particles with micro‐size ranges (0.15–2 μm) were prepared by emulsion and dispersion polymerizationa and in supercritical carbon dioxide media. The PAN particles were blended with Nylon 6 (PA6) at 220 °C by using a miniature mixer; it was found that melt‐mixing was possible for PAN‐rich compositions as high as 70 wt.‐%. Blends were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, IR, viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The size and shape of original PAN particles were retained in PAN/PA6 blends. The useful range to blend PAN particles size was less than 1 μm in terms of shape retention of the PAN particles in blends. Blends with 40 wt.‐% PAN content were found to be melt‐processable. The elastic modulus was higher for PAN/PA6 blends than pure PA6.
SEM photograph of PAN‐SC/PA6 blend with a 40/60 weight ratio. 相似文献