Care of esophageal cancer patients with diabetes mellitus--preoperative management and treatment

The care of esophageal cancer patients with diabetes mellitus is described. The main points are as follows. 1. Prevention and control of infection. 2. Sufficient nutritional support (2000 Kcal/day) and hydration. 3. Control of plasma glucose level (150 mg/dl-250 mg/dl) by means of insulin. 4. An absence of ketone bodies and minimum glucose level (< 10 g/day) in the urine. 5. Prevention and control of hypoglycemia. Good control of diabetes mellitus in esophageal cancer patients may contribute to reduced surgical rislcs.     

Treatment of highly fouling waste waters with tubular membrane systems

Membrane fouling by suspended solids is a severe problem in reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration of highly fouling feed streams. Tubular membrane systems are inherently fouling resistant and can be automatically mechanically cleaned at regular intervals by a sponge ball cleaning device. The use of this type of system to process a number of highly fouling feed streams difficult to treat by membrane processes is described     

Measurement of the melting points of oligomers obtained in the manufacture of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

The melting points (T_m) were measured for oligomers obtained by a direct continuous esterification process between terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. Multiple regression analyses of data were carried out, and an equation was obtained for predicting melting points with correlation coefficient of ～0.99.     

Effect of pressure on phase transition and morphology of bulk poly(trans-1,4-butadiene)

The effect of pressure on the melting, solid-solid transition, and crystallization of poly(trans-1,4-butadiene) (PTBD) was investigated using the pressure range of 1–3000 kg/cm². D.t.a. measurements showed that, the melting and transition temperatures increase with increasing pressure, whose pressure coefficients are 38°C per 1000 kg/cm² and 22°C per 1000 kg/cm², respectively. These values were in fairly close agreement with those calculated from the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Morphological studies using electron microscope and small-angle X-ray scattering method revealed that, the samples crystallized with relatively small supercoolings under normal or high pressure, are formed of distinct lamellae 400–800 Å thick. The lamellar thickness was inappreciably dependent on crystallization pressure. The significant effect of pressure on crystallization was recognized in a tendency of the crystallinity to increase, with increasing crystallization pressure. This pressure effect was explained by the mechanism that, the increased pressure might make the packing of molecular chains in liquid, more dense and that the secondary crystallization might be accelerated, to increase the lateral dimensions of lamellae.     

An Estimation of Complexity and Computational Costs for Vertical Block-Cyclic Distributed Parallel LU Factorization

The Vertical Block–cyclic Distributed Parallel LU Factorization Method (VBPLU) is effectively processed on a distributed memory parallel computer. VBPLU is based on the two techniques, the block algorithm and the aggregation of communications. Since startup time dominates the data communication and the aggregation reduces communication isssues, the total performance has been much improved. Furthermore this method uses long vectors so that it is also advantageous on vector processors. In this paper, we have constructed a modeling of VBPLU using a simplified LogGP model with analytical formulae, and estimated accurately the computational cost taking into account load distributions caused by data layout and process mapping. Some knowledge for optimization of block algorithm has been obtained. Our estimations have been verified through numerical experiments on three different distributed memory parallel computers.     

Fabrication of high quality Nb/AlOx-Al/NbJosephson junctions. III. Annealing stability ofAlOx tunneling barriers

For pt.II see ibid., vol.2, p.84 (1992). Changes in current-voltage characteristics of Nb/AlO_x-Al/Nb Josephson junctions due to annealing are studied. The surface of the Nb counterelectrode was plasma-nitrided to clarify the effects of oxygen diffusing from it. From anodization profiles, it was confirmed that surface nitridation protects the tunneling barrier from oxygen diffusion. Surface nitridation improved the junction stability for long annealing. The decrease in critical current at initial annealing was found to be independent of nitridation. The annealing stability of AlN _x barrier junctions, compared to that of AlO_x barrier junctions, was measured, and it was concluded that the decrease at initial annealing is due to changes in the AlO_x barrier itself     

Polarization-independent low-crosstalk polymeric AWG-based tunablefilter operating around 1.55 μm

A wavelength tunable optical filter is a beneficial optical component for dense wavelength-division-multiplexed systems. We report a high-performance polymeric arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG)-based tunable filter made of cross-linked silicone and operating around 1.55 μm. This filter exhibited a TE-TM polarization shift of <0.03, a crosstalk of <-35 dB, an insertion loss of <3 dB, and an 8.8-nm tuning range in the 25°C-75°C temperature region     

Balanced nonbinary sequences with good periodic correlationproperties obtained from modified Kumar-Moreno sequences

Kumar and Moreno (see ibid., vol.37, no.3, p.603, 1991) presented a new family of nonbinary sequences which has not only good periodic correlation properties but also the largest family size. First, the unbalanced properties for Kumar-Moreno sequences are pointed out. Second, a new family of balanced nonbinary sequences obtained from modified Kumar-Moreno sequences is proposed, and it is shown that the new family has the same optimal periodic nontrivial correlation as the family of Kumar-Moreno sequences and consists of the balanced nonbinary sequences. It is also shown that the cost of making sequences balanced is a decrease of the family size in addition to the condition that n is an even number. In particular, let the length of Kumar-Moreno sequences and the new sequences be the same and equal to pⁿ-1 with n even, then the family size of the new sequences is p^n/2 which is much smaller than pⁿ, that of Kumar-Moreno sequences     

Coupling ratio control of polymeric waveguide couplers by bending

Directional couplers are successfully fabricated on acrylic substrates using polymers synthesised from deuterated methacrylate and deuterated fluoromethacrylate monomers. The excess loss of a 50 mm long coupler is about 0.7 dB including waveguide and fibre coupling losses. A novel method is proposed for tuning the coupling ratio. By bending the coupler, high precision control of within 1% is attained without optical polarisation dependence.<>     

Au/TiN/WSi-gate self-aligned GaAs MESFETs using rapid thermal annealing method

Au/TiN/WSi-gate self-aligned GaAs MESFETs were fabricated using the rapid thermal annealing method to reduce the gate resistance of the FETs. The gate resistance Rg was 4.2 ? (Lg=1.5 ?m, Wg=400 ?m), just 1/20 of that of the WSi-gate FET. The maximum frequency of oscillation fmax of the Au/TiN/WSi-gate FETs was improved to be about twice that of WSi-gate FETs.